Whether the Sixth Circuit's 'Pinney Dock' standard for reviewing unraised claims should be clarified

QUESTIONS PRESENTED 1. Whether this honorable Court should grant certiorari to clarify the Sixth Circuit’s “Pinney Dock’ standard governing review of claims which were not raised during the District Court proceedings. 2. Whether this honorable Court should grant certiorari to resolve inter-Circuit inconsistencies regarding whether sentencing enhancements under U.S.S.G.§5K2.1 must be supported by a finding that the death of an individual had been “intentional” or “knowingly risked.” 3. Whether this honorable Court should grant certiorari to resolve an intraCircuit inconsistency regarding the Sixth Circuit’s treatment of sentencing issues under U.S.S.G. 5K2.1, specifically, whether such sentencing enhancements must be established by “proof beyond a reasonable doubt” rather than by a mere “preponderance of the evidence.” 4, Whether this honorable Court should grant certiorari to resolve the issue of whether the District Court abused its discretion in imposing an upward departure for Mr. Taylor’s case. i