CVSG Cases

Cases where the Solicitor General has been invited to file a brief. 22 pending, 128 resolved.

Pending CVSGs

Case Title Lower Court Docketed Tags Question Presented
25-293 General Dynamics Corporation, et al. v. Susan Scharpf Fourth Circuit 2025-09-15 antitrust-claims conspiracy fraudulent-concealment sherman-act statute-of-limitations tolling-doctrine Whether plaintiffs adequately plead fraudulent concealment for tolling the Section 15b statute of limitations by alleging an unwritten agreement
25-257 Wells Pharma of Houston, L.L.C. v. Zyla Life Sciences, L.L.C. Fifth Circuit 2025-09-04 consumer-protection drug-marketing fdca-preemption outsourcing-facilities premarket-approval state-law-claims Whether the FDCA preempts private state-law unfair competition and consumer protection claims premised on the marketing of compounded drugs without pr…
25-183 Thomas Crowther, et al. v. Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2025-08-15 educational-institutions employment-discrimination federal-funding private-right-action sex-discrimination title-ix Whether Title IX provides employees of federally funded educational institutions a private right of action to sue for sex discrimination in employment
25-159 Leonard W. Hoffmann, et al. v. WBI Energy Transmission, Inc. Eighth Circuit 2025-08-11 circuit-split fifth-amendment just-compensation land-condemnation natural-gas-act state-law In private condemnations under the Natural Gas Act, should just compensation be determined by reference to state law?
25-119 Highland Capital Management, L.P. v. NexPoint Advisors, L.P., et al. Fifth Circuit 2025-07-31 bankruptcy-court bankruptcy-process lawsuit-screening legal-gatekeeping liability-exculpation nondebtor-participants Whether a bankruptcy court can act as a gatekeeper to screen noncolorable lawsuits against nondebtor bankruptcy participants and whether a bankruptcy …
25-113 Breanna Renteria, et al. v. New Mexico Office of the Superintendent of Insurance, et al. Tenth Circuit 2025-07-30 employment-division-v-smith first-amendment health-care-sharing-ministry preemption religious-exercise strict-scrutiny Whether state laws regulating health care sharing ministries must be deemed neutral under Employment Division v. Smith and whether federal ACA exempti…
24-1130 Kingdom of Spain v. Blasket Renewable Investments LLC, et al. District of Columbia 2025-05-05 arbitration-exception foreign-sovereign-immunities-act forum-non-conveniens international-law jurisdiction sovereign-consent Whether §1605(a)(6) allows United States courts to assert jurisdiction over a foreign sovereign without determining whether the sovereign consented to…
24-1030 Parker-Hannifin Corporation, et al. v. Michael D. Johnson, et al. Sixth Circuit 2025-03-28 benchmark-comparison erisa fiduciary-duty investment-prudence judicial-standard retirement-plan Whether pleading an ERISA claim requires allegations showing that a performance benchmark is a sound basis for comparison for an investment
24-1015 John Doe, et al. v. Kathy Hochul, Governor of New York, et al. Second Circuit 2025-03-24 civil-rights-act employment-discrimination religious-accommodation state-law-preemption supremacy-clause title-vii Whether compliance with state laws directly contrary to Title VII's requirement to provide a reasonable accommodation for religious beliefs may serve …
24-1016 RiseandShine Corporation, dba Rise Brewing v. PepsiCo, Inc. Second Circuit 2025-03-24 circuit-split federal-trademark intellectual-property likelihood-of-confusion statutory-interpretation trademark-law Whether trademark strength is a question of fact in a likelihood-of-confusion analysis under 15 U.S.C. § 1114
24-1001 Cotter Corporation, et al. v. Nikki Steiner Mazzocchio, et al. Eighth Circuit 2025-03-20 atomic-energy-act federal-preemption nuclear-safety price-anderson-act standard-of-care tort-liability Whether federal nuclear safety regulations preempt state tort standards of care in public liability actions
22O158 Alabama, et al., Plaintiffs v. California, et al. 2024-05-24 None
22O154 New Hampshire, Plaintiff v. Massachusetts 2020-10-23 None
22O153 Texas, Plaintiff v. California 2020-02-11 None
22O152 Montana and Wyoming, Plaintiffs v. Washington 2020-01-24 None
22O150 Arizona, Plaintiff v. California 2019-03-04 None
22O149 State of Indiana, et al., Plaintiffs v. Commonwealth of Massachusetts 2017-12-14 None
22O148 State of Missouri, et al., Plaintiffs v. State of California 2017-12-07 None
22O147 New Mexico, Plaintiff v. Colorado 2016-06-22 None
22O142 Florida, Plaintiff v. Georgia 2013-10-04 None
22O141 Texas, Plaintiff v. New Mexico and Colorado 2013-01-10 None
22O65 Texas, Plaintiff v. New Mexico 1974-06-27 None

Resolved CVSGs

Case Title Lower Court Outcome Tags Question Presented
24-1068 Monsanto Company v. John L. Durnell Missouri Granted epa-approval failure-to-warn fifra-preemption pesticide-regulation product-labeling state-law-claim Whether FIFRA preempts a state-law failure-to-warn claim where EPA has repeatedly concluded that the warning is not required and the warning cannot be…
24-1062 The Hertz Corporation, et al. v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as Indenture Trustee, et al. Third Circuit Denied absolute-priority-rule bankruptcy-code make-whole-premiums solvent-debtor statutory-interpretation unmatured-interest Whether an unwritten pre-Code exception overrides the Bankruptcy Code's express statutory text and allows creditors in solvent-debtor cases to recover…
24-983 Havana Docks Corporation v. Royal Caribbean Cruises, Ltd., et al. Eleventh Circuit Granted cuban-regime foreign-policy libertad-act private-right-of-action property-confiscation trafficking Whether a plaintiff must prove that the defendant trafficked in property confiscated by the Cuban government as to which the plaintiff owns a claim, o…
24-917 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC, et al. v. NTE Carolinas II, LLC, et al. Fourth Circuit Denied antitrust-law legal-aggregation market-conduct monopolization section-2 sherman-act Whether a plaintiff can prevail on a monopolization claim under Section 2 of the Sherman Act by aggregating multiple distinct, independently lawful ac…
24-909 Agudas Chasidei Chabad of United States v. Russian Federation, et al. District of Columbia Denied commercial-activity federal-jurisdiction foreign-sovereign-immunities-act jurisdictional-immunity property-expropriation u.s.-nexus-test Whether a 'foreign state' lacks immunity from U.S. jurisdiction under the FSIA if either U.S.-nexus test is met or only if the first U.S.-nexus test i…
24-889 Hikma Pharmaceuticals USA Inc., et al. v. Amarin Pharma, Inc., et al. Federal Circuit Granted carve-out generic-drugs hatch-waxman-act induced-infringement patent-infringement skinny-label QP: When a generic drug label fully carves out a patented use, are allegations that the generic drugmaker calls its product a 'generic version' and ci…
24-856 Cisco Systems, Inc., et al. v. Doe I, et al. Ninth Circuit Granted aiding-and-abetting alien-tort-statute mens-rea private-right-of-action statutory-interpretation torture-victim-protection-act Whether the Alien Tort Statute allows a judicially-implied private right of action for aiding and abetting, and whether mere knowledge rather than pur…
24-759 Wye Oak Technology, Inc. v. Republic of Iraq, et al. District of Columbia Denied breach-of-contract causation-principles circuit-split commercial-activity foreign-sovereign-immunities-act jurisdictional-requirements Whether in a breach of contract case under the FSIA's third clause, courts must apply traditional causation principles or require an additional findin…
24-699 Exxon Mobil Corporation v. Corporación Cimex, S.A. (Cuba), et al. District of Columbia Granted cuban-property-confiscation foreign-sovereign-immunity helms-burton-act international-law property-rights sovereign-immunity-exception Whether the Helms-Burton Act abrogates foreign sovereign immunity in cases against Cuban instrumentalities, or whether parties proceeding under that A…
24-620 Jaime H. Pizarro, et al. v. The Home Depot, Inc., et al. Eleventh Circuit Dismissed burden-shifting causation erisa fiduciary-duty statutory-interpretation trust-law Whether burden-shifting applies to the element of causation under ERISA's fiduciary enforcement provisions
24-350 Port of Tacoma, et al. v. Puget Soundkeeper Alliance Ninth Circuit Denied citizen-suit clean-water-act federal-jurisdiction npdes pollutant-discharge state-law Whether Section 505 of the Clean Water Act authorizes citizens to invoke federal courts to enforce conditions of state-issued pollutant-discharge perm…
24-345 FS Credit Opportunities Corp., et al. v. Saba Capital Master Fund, Ltd., et al. Second Circuit Granted circuit-split contract-enforcement implied-private-right investment-company-act judicial-review statutory-interpretation Whether Section 47(b) of the Investment Company Act creates an implied private right of action
24-277 Shari Mayer Borochov, et al. v. Islamic Republic of Iran, et al. District of Columbia Denied foreign-sovereign-immunities-act grievous-injuries material-support subject-matter-jurisdiction terrorism-exception terrorist-attack Whether the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act's terrorism exception extends jurisdiction to claims arising from a foreign state's material support for …
24-181 Sony Music Entertainment, et al. v. Cox Communications, Inc., et al. Fourth Circuit Denied circuit-split commercial-gain copyright-infringement direct-infringement secondary-liability vicarious-liability Whether the profit requirement of vicarious copyright infringement permits liability where the defendant expects commercial gain from the enterprise i…
24-171 Cox Communications, Inc., et al. v. Sony Music Entertainment, et al. Fourth Circuit Granted copyright-infringement digital-copyright material-contribution secondary-liability service-provider willful-violation Did the Fourth Circuit err in holding that a service provider can be held liable for 'materially contributing' to copyright infringement merely becaus…
23-1360 Vernon Fiehler v. Catherine Mecklenburg, et al. Alaska Denied civil-procedure constitutional-provision evidence evidence-interpretation federal-survey geographic-determination judicial-discretion jurisdiction property-law water-boundary Whether a court has the power to disregard evidence of the location of a water boundary from a federal survey based on subsequent evidence of the body…
23-1213 Glen Mulready, in His Official Capacity as Insurance Commissioner of Oklahoma, et al. v. Pharmaceutical Care Management Association Tenth Circuit Denied civil-rights due-process erisa-preemption medicare-part-d network-participation pharmacy-benefit-managers pharmacy-choice preemption rural-patient-access rutledge-v-pcma state-regulation Whether ERISA preempts state laws regulating PBMs
23-1209 M & K Employee Solutions, LLC, et al. v. Trustees of the IAM National Pension Fund District of Columbia Granted actuarial-assumptions circuit-split employee-retirement-income-security-act erisa multiemployer-pension multiemployer-pension-plan plan-year statutory-interpretation withdrawal-liability Whether 29 U.S.C. 1391's instruction to compute withdrawal liability 'as of the end of the plan year' requires the plan to base the computation on the…
23-1197 Damon Landor v. Louisiana Department of Corrections and Public Safety, et al. Fifth Circuit Granted civil-rights constitutional-law damages government-official-liability individual-capacity-damages qualified-immunity religious-freedom religious-land-use spending-clause statutory-interpretation Whether an individual may sue a government official in his individual capacity for damages for violations of the Religious Land Use and Institutionali…
23-969 Charles Walen, et al., Appellants v. Doug Burgum, Governor of North Dakota, et al. North Dakota Denied None
23-947 Sunoco LP, et al. v. City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii, et al. Hawaii Denied civil-procedure climate-change environmental-law federal-preemption greenhouse-gas greenhouse-gas-emissions interstate-emissions standing state-law state-law-claims Whether federal law precludes state-law claims seeking redress for injuries allegedly caused by the effects of interstate and international greenhouse…
23-952 Shell PLC, fka Royal Dutch Shell PLC, et al. v. City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii, et al. Hawaii Denied clean-air-act climate-change constitutional-law federal-law federal-preemption foreign-emissions interstate-emissions preemption state-law Whether claims seeking damages for the effects of interstate and international emissions on the global climate are beyond the limits of state law and …
23-914 Diane Zilka v. City of Philadelphia, Tax Review Board Pennsylvania Denied commerce-clause constitutional-interpretation interstate-taxation out-of-state-tax state-tax tax-burden tax-credit tax-scheme taxpayer-burden Whether the Commerce Clause requires states to consider a taxpayer's burden in light of the state tax scheme as a whole when crediting a taxpayer's ou…
23-217 E.M.D. Sales, Inc., et al. v. Faustino Sanchez Carrera, et al. Fourth Circuit Judgment Issued burden-of-proof circuit-split clear-and-convincing-evidence employment-law fair-labor-standards-act flsa-exemptions overtime-pay preponderance-of-evidence wage-exemption Whether the burden of proof that employers must satisfy to demonstrate the applicability of an FLSA exemption is a mere preponderance of the evidence …
23-120 United States Soccer Federation, Inc. v. Relevent Sports, LLC, et al. Second Circuit Denied antitrust antitrust-law circuit-split conspiracy conspiracy-pleading membership-association pleading sherman-act trade-restraint Whether allegations that members of an association agreed to adhere to the association's rules, without more, are sufficient to plead the element of c…
23-9 AstraZeneca UK Limited, et al. v. Joshua Atchley, et al. District of Columbia GVR aiding-and-abetting anti-terrorism-act direct-liability foreign-government-agency foreign-terrorist-organization proximate-causation specific-attack terrorist-organization transacting-with-government-agency Whether ATA aiding-and-abetting liability requires conscious-voluntary-culpable-participation
22-957 Laurie A. Dermody v. Massachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services Massachusetts Denied 42-usc-1396p annuity annuity-rules asset-transfer medicaid-eligibility medical-assistance remainder-beneficiary spousal-impoverishment statutory-interpretation transfer-penalty Whether an annuity that satisfies the condition in Section 1396p(c)(2)(B)(i) must name the State as the first remainder beneficiary in order to avoid …
22-886 Blenheim Capital Holdings Ltd., et al. v. Lockheed Martin Corporation, et al. Fourth Circuit Denied circuit-split commercial-activity contract-law foreign-sovereign-immunities foreign-sovereign-immunity fsia international-law jurisdictional-immunity military-procurement weltover Is a foreign government's procurement of goods for a military purpose, through a contract with a U.S. company, commercial-activity
22-669 NexPoint Advisors, L.P., et al. v. Highland Capital Management, L.P., et al. Fifth Circuit Denied bankruptcy-code bankruptcy-reorganization bankruptcy-trustees business-liabilities common-law-immunity gross-negligence post-bankruptcy-liabilities reorganization-plan third-party-exculpation third-party-liability Whether a bankruptcy court may exculpate third-party misconduct that falls short of gross negligence
22-631 Highland Capital Management, L.P. v. NexPoint Advisors, L.P., et al. Fifth Circuit Denied bankruptcy-code bankruptcy-court chapter-11 circuit-split debt-discharge discharge reorganization-plan statutory-interpretation third-party-liability third-party-releases Whether Section 524(e) of the Bankruptcy Code constrains the power of a court when confirming a plan of reorganization
22-601 Peter Lake, Chairman, Public Utility Commission of Texas, et al. v. NextEra Energy Capital Holdings, Incorporated, et al. Fifth Circuit Denied commerce-clause federal-energy-regulatory-commission incumbent-utilities police-power public-utilities state-regulation transmission-lines utility-regulation Whether States may exercise their core police power to regulate public utilities by recognizing a preference for allowing incumbent utility companies …
22-555 NetChoice, LLC, dba NetChoice, et al. v. Ken Paxton, Attorney General of Texas Fifth Circuit Judgment Issued content-moderation editorial-discretion first-amendment free-speech free-speech-rights social-media social-media-regulation viewpoint-discrimination Whether the First Amendment prohibits viewpoint-, content-, or speaker-based laws restricting select websites from engaging in editorial choices about…
22-529 Alex Cantero, et al., Individually and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated v. Bank of America, N.A. Second Circuit Judgment Issued banking-regulation consumer-protection escrow-accounts interest-rates mortgage-lending national-bank-act preemption state-law state-law-preemption Does the National Bank Act preempt the application of state escrow-interest laws to national banks?
22-465 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products LP, et al. v. International Paper Company, et al. Sixth Circuit Denied cercla cercla-statute-of-limitations contribution contribution-action damages declaratory-judgment environmental-liability judicial-interpretation response-costs statute-of-limitations Does a bare declaratory judgment that determines liability but imposes no 'costs' and awards no 'damages' trigger CERCLA's three-year statute of limit…
22-459 Ohio v. CSX Transportation, Inc. Ohio Denied federal-railroad-safety-act grade-crossing grade-crossing-statute interstate-commerce interstate-commerce-commission-termination-act preemption railroad-preemption railroad-safety state-regulation transportation transportation-law Does 49 U.S.C. §101501(b) preempt state laws that regulate the amount of time a stopped train may block a grade crossing?
22-393 NetChoice, LLC, dba NetChoice, et al. v. Ashley Moody, Attorney General of Florida, et al. Eleventh Circuit Denied compelled-speech content-based content-based-restrictions editorial-discretion first-amendment free-speech tech-regulation viewpoint-discrimination zauderer Whether S.B. 7072 in its entirety, and its compelled disclosure provisions in particular, comply with the First Amendment
22-349 Flagstar Bank, N.A. v. William Kivett, et al. Ninth Circuit GVR banking-powers federal-banking-law federal-powers federally-chartered-banks mortgage-escrow mortgage-escrow-accounts national-bank-act preemption state-laws state-regulation Whether the National Bank Act preempts state laws that, like California Civil Code § 2954.8(a), attempt to set the terms on which federally chartered …
22-277 Ashley Moody, Attorney General of Florida, et al. v. NetChoice, LLC, dba NetChoice, et al. Eleventh Circuit Judgment Issued censorship content-moderation first-amendment free-speech social-media social-media-regulation state-law state-regulation third-party-communications time-place-manner Whether the First Amendment prohibits a State from requiring that social-media companies host third-party communications, and from regulating the time…
22-238 Charter Day School, Inc., et al. v. Bonnie Peltier, as Guardian of A. P., a Minor Child, et al. Fourth Circuit Denied charter-school charter-schools civil-rights educational-policy government-contract government-contracts nonprofit-corporation policy-formulation private-entities public-education state-action Whether a private entity that contracts with the State to operate a charter school engages in state action when it formulates a policy without coercio…
22-231 Artur Davis v. Legal Services Alabama, Inc., et al. Eleventh Circuit Denied civil-rights civil-rights-act employer-actions employment-discrimination employment-terms pay race-discrimination section-1981 suspension title-vii Do Title VII and Section 1981 prohibit discrimination as to all 'terms,' 'conditions,' or 'privileges' of employment, or are they limited to 'signific…
22-203 Apple Inc., et al. v. California Institute of Technology Federal Circuit Denied administrative-procedure administrative-process civil-procedure federal-circuit inter-partes-review patent patent-law patent-validity standing statutory-interpretation Whether the Federal Circuit erroneously extended IPR-estoppel under 35-USC-315(e)(2) to all grounds that reasonably-could-have-been-raised in the peti…
22-193 Jatonya Clayborn Muldrow v. City of St. Louis, Missouri, et al. Eighth Circuit Judgment Issued circuit-split civil-rights civil-rights-act employment-discrimination job-transfer material-disadvantage materially-significant-disadvantages statutory-interpretation title-vii Does Title VII prohibit discrimination as to all 'terms, conditions, or privileges of employment,' or is its reach limited to discriminatory employer …
22-121 ML Genius Holdings LLC v. Google LLC, et al. Second Circuit Denied breach-of-contract business circuit-split content-protection contract contract-remedies copyright copyright-preemption preemption service-terms state-law Does the Copyright Act's preemption clause allow a business to invoke traditional state-law contract remedies to enforce a promise not to copy and use…
22-115 Micheal W. Buckner, as Trustee of the United Mine Workers of America 1992 Benefit Plan, et al. v. United States Pipe & Foundry Co., et al. Eleventh Circuit Denied 11-usc-101 bankruptcy bankruptcy-discharge claims-definition coal-act equitable-relief individual-employer-plan individual-employer-plans statutory-obligations Whether the equitable right to compel a covered company to maintain an IEP is a dischargeable 'claim' under 11 U.S.C. § 101(5)(B)
22-37 Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. v. GlaxoSmithKline LLC, et al. Federal Circuit Denied active-inducement fda-approval generic-drug generic-drugs hatch-waxman-act inducement-doctrine patent-infringement skinny-label Whether a generic drug manufacturer can be held liable for inducing infringement of a patent on a use that its FDA-approved label has expressly carved…
22-22 David A. Tropp v. Travel Sentry, Inc., et al. Federal Circuit Denied 35-usc-101 alice-test alice-v-cls-bank computer-processing luggage-screening patent-claims patent-eligibility physical-steps Whether the claims at issue in Tropp's patents reciting physical rather than computer-processing steps are patent-eligible under 35 U.S.C. § 101, as i…
22-18 Cuker Interactive, LLC v. Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman, LLP Ninth Circuit Denied bankruptcy bankruptcy-procedure case-law choice-of-law circuit-split federal-courts federal-jurisdiction forum-state judicial-interpretation substantive-law Whether federal courts must apply forum state or federal choice-of-law rules in bankruptcy cases
21-1550 Suncor Energy (U.S.A.) Inc., et al. v. Board of County Commissioners of Boulder County, et al. Tenth Circuit Denied civil-procedure climate-change federal-common-law federal-jurisdiction greenhouse-gas-emissions standing Whether federal common law necessarily and exclusively governs claims seeking redress for injuries allegedly caused by the effect of interstate greenh…
21-1448 Dustin Jade Wells v. Kathleen A. McCallister Ninth Circuit Denied asset-liquidation bankruptcy bankruptcy-estate bankruptcy-filing bankruptcy-petition bankruptcy-proceedings debtor-rights homestead-exemption property-interests property-rights Whether a homestead exemption to which a debtor is entitled on the date of bankruptcy filing can be lost if the debtor sells the homestead during the …
21-1338 NSO Group Technologies Limited, et al. v. WhatsApp Inc., et al. Ninth Circuit Denied agent-entities agents-for-foreign-governments common-law-immunity foreign-sovereign-immunities-act government-contractors judicial-immunity legal-precedent private-entities samantar solicitor-general Whether the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act entirely displaces common-law immunity for entities, such that private entities that act as agents for fo…
21-1326 United States, et al., ex rel. Tracy Schutte, et al. v. SuperValu Inc., et al. Seventh Circuit Judgment Issued civil-liability deliberate-ignorance false-claims-act fraud knowingly materiality reckless-disregard scienter statutory-interpretation Whether a defendant's contemporaneous subjective understanding or beliefs about the lawfulness of its conduct are relevant to whether it 'knowingly' v…
21-1281 Interactive Wearables, LLC v. Polar Electro Oy, et al. Federal Circuit Denied 35-usc-101 abstract-idea claim-construction enablement judicial-exceptions legal-standard patent-eligibility patent-subject-matter section-101 two-step-framework What is the appropriate standard for determining whether a patent claim is 'directed to' a patent-ineligible concept under step one of the Court's two…
21-1043 Abitron Austria GmbH, et al. v. Hetronic International, Inc. Tenth Circuit Judgment Issued civil-procedure extraterritorial-application extraterritoriality foreign-sales lanham-act territorial-rights trademark trademark-infringement u.s.-commerce us-commerce Whether the court of appeals erred in applying the Lanham Act extraterritorially to petitioners' foreign sales, including purely foreign sales that ne…
21-1019 The ERISA Industry Committee v. City of Seattle, Washington Ninth Circuit Denied circuit-split employee-benefits ERISA-preemption healthcare-expenditures ninth-circuit play-or-pay play-or-pay-laws state-and-local-laws state-local-regulation Whether state and local play-or-pay laws that require employers to make minimum monthly healthcare expenditures for their covered employees relate to …
21-1013 Republic of Turkey v. Lusik Usoyan, et al. District of Columbia Denied burden-of-proof discretionary-function-rule foreign-sovereign-immunities foreign-sovereign-immunities-act policy-analysis policy-prong presidential-protection presidential-security-detail state-visit-security use-of-force Whether the Discretionary Function Rule within the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act applies to claims based upon a presidential security detail's use …
21-998 Daniel Bierbach v. Digger's Polaris, et al. Minnesota Denied civil-rights controlled-substances-act employer-reimbursement medical-marijuana preemption state-law statutory-interpretation workers-compensation Whether the Controlled Substances Act preempts an order under a state workers' compensation law requiring an employer to reimburse an injured employee…
21-968 Fairfax County School Board v. Jane Doe Fourth Circuit Denied actual-knowledge civil-rights damages deliberate-indifference due-process funding-recipient spending-clause student-harassment title-ix Whether a funding recipient may be liable in damages in a private action under Davis when the recipient's response did not itself cause any harassment…
21-936 United States, et al., ex rel. Cathy Owsley v. Fazzi Associates, Inc., et al. Sixth Circuit Denied circuit-conflict civil-procedure false-claims-act fraud fraudulent-scheme pleading pleading-particularity rule-9(b) rule-9b standing Whether Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 9(b) requires plaintiffs in False Claims Act cases who plead a fraudulent scheme with particularity to also pl…
21-887 Miguel Luna Perez v. Sturgis Public Schools, et al. Sixth Circuit Judgment Issued administrative-proceedings americans-with-disabilities-act civil-rights disability-rights exhaustion-requirement futility-exception individuals-with-disabilities-education-act money-damages statutory-interpretation Whether the IDEA's exhaustion requirement applies when the plaintiff's non-IDEA claim has been dismissed from IDEA proceedings and the plaintiff has s…
21-867 Midwest Air Traffic Control Service, Inc. v. Jessica T. Badilla, et al. Second Circuit Denied civil-rights combatant-activities due-process federal-preemption federal-tort-claims-act military military-operations preemption statutory-interpretation tort-claims Whether state-law tort claims that arise out of the uniquely federal sphere of the military's combat operations are preempted by the interests embodie…
21-757 Amgen Inc., et al. v. Sanofi, et al. Federal Circuit Judgment Issued 35-usc-112 claim-construction claim-scope enablement enablement-requirement invention-disclosure judicial-review patent patent-law statutory-interpretation undue-experimentation written-description Whether enablement is a question of fact or law
21-746 Apple Inc. v. Qualcomm Incorporated Federal Circuit Denied article-iii civil-procedure civil-rights due-process inter-partes-review license-agreement patent patent-challenge patent-validity standing takings Whether a licensee has Article III standing to challenge the validity of a patent covered by a license agreement that covers multiple patents
21-676 Susan K. Musta v. Mendota Heights Dental Center, et al. Minnesota Denied controlled-substances-act due-process federal-law medical-marijuana preemption standing state-law workers-compensation Does the Controlled Substances Act preempt an order under a state workers' compensation law requiring an employer to reimburse an injured employee for…
21-599 Margaret L. Kinney v. HSBC Bank USA, N.A. Tenth Circuit Denied bankruptcy bankruptcy-court chapter-13 completion-discharge debtor-rights discharge modification motion-to-dismiss payment plan plan-modification Should a bankruptcy court deny a motion to dismiss and/or grant a completion discharge when there remains a shortfall that the debtor is willing and a…
21-471 John Doe 1, et al. v. Express Scripts, Inc., et al. Second Circuit Denied benefit-pricing circuit-split erisa erisa-fiduciary fiduciary-duties pegram-v-herdrich plan-management price-control pricing third-party-administrator Does an administrator hired by an ERISA plan act as a fiduciary when it controls prices paid by the plan or its participants?
21-462 Jolie Johnson, et al. v. Bethany Hospice and Palliative Care LLC Eleventh Circuit Denied circuit-split civil-procedure false-claims-act fraud fraud-pleading government-claims pleading rule-9(b) rule-9b statutory-interpretation Whether Rule 9(b) requires plaintiffs in False Claims Act cases who plead a fraudulent scheme with particularity to also plead specific details of fal…
21-438 Olaf Sööt Design, LLC v. Daktronics, Inc., et al. Federal Circuit Denied appellate-review claim-construction infringement jury-trial jury-verdict patent patent-law seventh-amendment sua-sponte Whether the Seventh Amendment allows the Federal Circuit to reverse a jury verdict based on a sua sponte new claim construction
21-382 Moses Strauss, et al. v. Credit Lyonnais, S.A. Second Circuit Denied aiding-and-abetting civil-liability civil-procedure civil-rights due-process foreign-terrorist-organization free-speech justice-against-sponsors-of-terrorism-act standing substantial-funds terrorism terrorist-organization Whether a person who knowingly transfers substantial funds to a designated foreign terrorist organization aids and abets that organization's terrorist…
21-381 Tzvi Weiss, et al. v. National Westminster Bank, PLC Second Circuit Denied 18 U.S.C. § 2333(d)(2) aiding-abetting civil-liability civil-rights due-process foreign-terrorist-organizations free-speech material-support standing substantial-assistance terrorism terrorist-organizations Whether a person who knowingly transfers substantial funds to a designated FTO aids and abets that organization's terrorist acts for purposes of civil…
21-260 Virgin America, Inc., et al. v. Julia Bernstein, et al., Individually and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated Ninth Circuit Denied airline-deregulation-act carrier-regulations federal-aviation-administration flight-attendants ninth-circuit preemption significant-impact state-law state-laws Does the ADA preempt generally applicable state laws that have a significant impact on airline prices, routes, and services, or does it preempt such l…
21-241 Monsanto Company v. Edwin Hardeman Ninth Circuit Denied daubert-standard epa-approval expert-testimony failure-to-warn federal-insecticide-fungicide-and-rodenticide-act fifra-preemption herbicide-regulation preemption state-law-claims Whether FIFRA preempts a state-law failure-to-warn claim
21-194 California Trucking Association, Inc., et al. v. Rob Bonta, Attorney General of California, et al. Ninth Circuit Denied federal-aviation-administration-authorization-act federal-preemption independent-owner-operator independent-owner-operators motor-carrier motor-carriers preemption state-law statutory-interpretation trucking-services workforce-law Whether the Federal Aviation Administration Authorization Act preempts a state law that effectively precludes motor carriers from using independent ow…
20-1425 C.H. Robinson Worldwide, Inc. v. Allen Miller Ninth Circuit Denied civil-rights common-law-negligence due-process federal-preemption motor-carrier safety-regulation statutory-interpretation transportation transportation-law Whether a common-law negligence claim against a freight broker is preempted under the Federal Aviation Administration Authorization Act
20-1426 Epic Systems Corporation v. Tata Consultancy Services Limited, et al. Seventh Circuit Denied civil-procedure compensatory-damages due-process due-process-clause notice-requirement punitive-damages statutory-cap statutory-caps trade-secrets Does a state statute that expressly caps punitive damages at two times compensatory damages satisfy the notice requirement of the Due Process Clause s…
20-1394 PersonalWeb Technologies, LLC v. Patreon, Inc., et al. Federal Circuit Denied civil-procedure claim-preclusion federal-circuit issue-preclusion judicial-interpretation kessler-doctrine patent-law preclusion-doctrine voluntary-dismissal Whether the Federal Circuit correctly interpreted Kessler to create a freestanding preclusion doctrine
20-1229 James W. Robertson, Sr. v. Intratek Computer, Incorporated Fifth Circuit Denied administrative-scheme arbitration-enforcement employment-rights federal-contract government-subcontractor mandatory-arbitration non-waiver-provision statutory-interpretation whistleblower-protection Does mandatory compelled arbitration of claims under 41 U.S.C. § 4712 disrupt the administrative scheme set up by Congress to remedy and enforce viola…
20-1199 Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. President and Fellows of Harvard College First Circuit Judgment Issued affirmative-action asian-american-discrimination civil-rights equal-protection higher-education race-based-admissions strict-scrutiny title-vi Should this Court overrule Grutter v. Bollinger and hold that institutions of higher education cannot use race as a factor in admissions?
20-1046 Marin Housing Authority v. Kerrie Reilly California Denied administrative-law annual-income developmental-disability housing-assistance income-calculation medicaid-funding medicaid-payments personal-caregiving public-housing Whether a public housing authority, in calculating a family's annual income, is required by this regulation to exclude Medicaid-funded payments made t…
20-1034 Narkis Aliza Golan v. Isacco Jacky Saada Second Circuit Judgment Issued ameliorative-measures child-abduction district-court grave-risk habitual-residence hague-convention international-child-abduction international-law Whether, upon finding that return to the country of habitual residence places a child at grave risk, a district court is required to consider ameliora…
20-994 Volkswagen Group of America, Inc., et al. v. The Environmental Protection Commission of Hillsborough County, Florida, et al. Ninth Circuit Denied clean-air-act emission-standards federal-authority federal-regulation nationwide-updates preemption state-law state-regulation vehicle-emissions vehicle-regulation Whether the Clean Air Act preempts state and local governments from regulating manufacturers' post-sale, nationwide updates to vehicle emission system…
20-891 American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. v. Neapco Holdings LLC, et al. Federal Circuit Denied 35-usc-101 alice-v-cls claim-construction judicial-exception judicial-exceptions patent-eligibility patent-ineligibility patent-law standard-of-review two-step-framework What is the appropriate standard for determining patent eligibility under 35 U.S.C. § 101?
20-905 Independent School District No. 283 v. E. M. D. H. ex rel. L. H. and S. D. Eighth Circuit Denied administrative-complaint administrative-procedure continuing-violation-doctrine education-law federal-circuit-split individuals-with-disabilities-education-act negative-consequences statutory-time-limit Whether the continuing violation doctrine applies to the two-year statutory time limit to file an administrative complaint under the Individuals with …
20-807 Bradley LeDure v. Union Pacific Railroad Company Seventh Circuit Judgment Issued circuit-split federal-employers-liability-act foreseeability in-use interstate-commerce locomotive-inspection-act negligence-per-se railroad-liability safety-regulation statutory-interpretation Whether a locomotive is in use on a railroad's line and subject to the LIA and its safety regulations
20-772 Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor v. Phil Murphy, Governor of New Jersey, et al. Third Circuit Denied congressional-approval ex-parte-young interstate-compact interstate-compacts preemption sovereign-immunity state-officials Whether, under the doctrine of Ex parte Young, 209 U.S. 123 (1908), an interstate compact agency may sue a state official to prevent that official fro…
20-603 Le Roy Torres v. Texas Department of Public Safety Texas Judgment Issued civil-rights constitutional-law due-process military-employment sovereign-immunity standing state-immunity state-sovereign-immunity uniformed-services-employment-and-reemployment-rig userra war-powers Whether Congress has the power to authorize suits against nonconsenting states pursuant to its War Powers
20-609 Gannett Company, Inc., et al. v. Jeffrey Quatrone Fourth Circuit Denied defined-contribution-plan diversification erisa fiduciary-duty investment-options menu-of-investment-options prudence single-stock-fund Whether a plaintiff adequately pleads breach of the duties of prudence and diversification solely by alleging that fiduciaries permitted participants …
20-493 Ysleta del Sur Pueblo, et al. v. Texas Fifth Circuit Judgment Issued cabazon-band federal-restoration-act gaming gaming-regulation indian-tribes legislative-interpretation native-american-rights regulatory-jurisdiction restoration-act state-jurisdiction tribal-sovereignty ysleta-del-sur-pueblo Whether the Restoration Act provides the Pueblo with sovereign authority to regulate non-prohibited gaming activities on its lands (including bingo), …
20-402 Chad Richardson, et ux., Individually and as Parents and Next Friends of L v. Omaha School District Eighth Circuit Denied administrative-procedures administrative-proceedings attorneys-fees attorneys'-fees circuit-split civil-rights due-process IDEA idea-statute judicial-review limitations-period What type of state statute of limitations should courts borrow for attorneys'-fees-actions under 20-U.S.C.-§-1415(i)(3)(B)(i)(I)?
20-319 Comcast Corporation, et al. v. Viamedia, Inc. Seventh Circuit Denied anticompetitive-conduct antitrust business-justification circuit-conflict circuit-split refusal-to-deal sherman-act trinko Whether the Seventh Circuit erred in holding that a refusal-to-deal claim under § 2 of the Sherman Act may proceed despite the presence of valid busin…
20-219 Jane Cummings v. Premier Rehab Keller, P.L.L.C. Fifth Circuit Judgment Issued affordable-care-act antidiscrimination-law civil-rights civil-rights-act compensatory-damages emotional-distress federal-funding rehabilitation-act title-vi Whether the compensatory damages available under Title VI and the statutes that incorporate its remedies include compensation for emotional distress
20-28 PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, et al. v. Timothy Laurent, Individually and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated, et al. Second Circuit Denied circuit-split civil-procedure contract-interpretation equitable-relief equitable-remedies erisa erisa-interpretation monetary-damages plan-reformation remedial-sections statutory-construction Whether the Second Circuit improperly combined parts of two separate remedial sections under ERISA, interpreting § 502(a)(3) to permit reformation of …
20-8 Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, et al. v. Robert R. McCormick Foundation, et al. Second Circuit Denied bankruptcy-law creditor-rights financial-institution fraudulent-transfers merit-management-group merit-management-precedent preemption Whether the court of appeals correctly held that the presumption against preemption of state law does not apply to creditor-rights claims once federal…
19-1401 April Hughes, et al. v. Northwestern University, et al. Seventh Circuit Judgment Issued breach-of-duty circuit-split defined-contribution defined-contribution-plan erisa erisa-fiduciary-duty excessive-fees fiduciary-duty lower-cost-alternatives prudence prudence-standard retirement-plan Whether allegations that a defined-contribution retirement plan paid or charged its participants fees that substantially exceeded fees for alternative…
19-1143 FMC Corporation v. Shoshone-Bannock Tribes Ninth Circuit Denied civil-rights due-process eighth-circuit federal-indian-law inherent-authority jurisdiction jurisdictional-limits montana-exceptions ninth-circuit-interpretation nonmember-regulation seventh-circuit tribal-jurisdiction tribal-jurisdiction-over-nonmembers tribal-self-government tribal-sovereignty Whether the Ninth Circuit correctly holds that tribal jurisdiction over nonmembers is established whenever a Montana exception is met
19-1039 PennEast Pipeline Company, LLC v. New Jersey, et al. Third Circuit Judgment Issued certificate-of-public-convenience constitutional-law eminent-domain federal-power ferc interstate-pipeline natural-gas-act state-property Whether the NGA delegates to FERC certificate holders the authority to exercise the federal government's eminent domain power to condemn land in which…
19-648 CACI Premier Technology, Inc. v. Suhail Najim Abdulla Al Shimari, et al. Fourth Circuit Denied alien-tort-statute appellate-jurisdiction civil-immunity civil-rights collateral-order collateral-order-doctrine derivative-sovereign-immunity due-process federal-contractor government-contractors jus-cogens military-operations sovereign-immunity Whether an order denying a federal contractor's claim of derivative sovereign immunity is an immediately appealable final order under the collateral-o…
19-638 N. B. D. v. Kentucky Cabinet for Health and Family Services Kentucky Denied best-interests deportation federal-law homeland-security immigration immigration-law juvenile-protection predicate-findings special-immigrant-juvenile special-immigrant-juvenile-status state-court-jurisdiction state-courts Whether federal law requires state courts of competent jurisdiction to make predicate findings for special-immigrant-juvenile-status determinations up…
19-520 Alan Philipp, et al. v. Federal Republic of Germany, et al. District of Columbia Denied commercial-activity expropriation-exception foreign-state international-law property-rights commercial-activity expropriation expropriation-exception foreign-sovereign-immunities foreign-sovereign-immunity instrumentality international-law jurisdiction property-claims property-rights Is the Federal Republic of Germany subject to jurisdiction under the expropriation exception of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act for claims to pro…
19-453 Cargill, Inc. v. John Doe I, et al. Ninth Circuit Judgment Issued aiding-and-abetting alien-tort-statute corporate-liability extraterritorial-application extraterritoriality forced-labor foreign-operations human-rights international-law Whether the presumption against extraterritorial application of the Alien Tort Statute is displaced
19-416 Nestlé USA, Inc. v. John Doe I, et al. Ninth Circuit Judgment Issued aiding-and-abetting alien-tort-statute civil-procedure corporate-activity corporate-liability domestic-corporation extraterritoriality foreign-actors foreign-investment international-law jurisdiction Whether an aiding and abetting claim against a domestic corporation brought under the Alien Tort Statute, 28 U.S.C. § 1350, may overcome the extraterr…
19-351 Federal Republic of Germany, et al. v. Alan Philipp, et al. District of Columbia Judgment Issued circuit-split comity diplomatic-issues expropriation-exception foreign-sovereign-immunities foreign-sovereign-immunity human-rights-law international-comity international-human-rights international-law property-taking property-takings takings Whether the 'expropriation exception' of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act provides jurisdiction over claims that a foreign sovereign has violated …
19-277 HSBC Holdings PLC, et al. v. Irving H. Picard, et al. Second Circuit Denied bankruptcy bankruptcy-code bankruptcy-code-section-550 extraterritoriality foreign-transaction foreign-transactions initial-transferee initial-transferees international-comity subsequent-transferee subsequent-transferees trustee-recovery Whether applying Bankruptcy Code Section 550(a)(2) to permit recovery of the proceeds of a foreign transaction that occurred abroad between two foreig…
19-251 Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Rob Bonta, Attorney General of California Ninth Circuit Judgment Issued association civil-rights constitutional-rights donor-privacy due-process exacting-scrutiny first-amendment free-speech freedom-of-association freedom-of-speech law-enforcement-interest naacp-v-alabama narrow-tailoring nonprofit nonprofit-association nonprofit-organizations standing Whether the exacting scrutiny this Court has long required of laws that abridge the freedoms of speech and association outside the election context ca…
19-255 Thomas More Law Center v. Rob Bonta, Attorney General of California Ninth Circuit Judgment Issued charitable-organizations circuit-split civil-rights disclosure-requirements donor-anonymity due-process exacting-scrutiny first-amendment freedom-of-association freedom-of-speech nonprofit strict-scrutiny Whether exacting scrutiny or strict scrutiny applies to disclosure requirements that burden non-electoral, expressive association rights
19-185 Kalev Mutond, et al. v. Darryl Lewis District of Columbia Denied civil-procedure common-law-immunity conduct-based-immunity diplomatic-immunity executive-branch executive-branch-position executive-branch-views foreign-official-immunity foreign-officials personal-capacity personal-capacity-suit personal-capacity-suits samantar-v-yousuf torture-victim-protection-act Whether conduct-based immunity applies when foreign officials are sued in their personal capacities
18-1447 Republic of Hungary, et al. v. Rosalie Simon, et al. District of Columbia Judgment Issued choice-of-forum comity-interest exhaustion-of-local-remedies exhaustion-of-remedies foreign-sovereign-immunities-act foreign-sovereign-immunity forum-non-conveniens international-comity naturalized-citizens world-war-ii-property-claims Whether the district court must abstain from exercising jurisdiction under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act for reasons of international comity wh…
18-1401 David D. Peterson v. Linear Controls, Inc. Fifth Circuit Granted adverse-employment-action circuit-split civil-rights civil-rights-act eeoc employment-discrimination employment-practices statutory-interpretation terms-conditions-privileges title-vii workplace-discrimination Are the 'terms, conditions, or privileges of employment' covered by Section 703(a)(1) limited only to hiring, firing, promotions, compensation, and le…
18-1140 Avco Corporation v. Jill Sikkelee, Individually and as Personal Representative of the Estate of David Sikkelee, Deceased, et al. Third Circuit Denied aircraft-design aviation-safety design-defect federal-aviation-act federal-preemption field-preemption impossibility-preemption preemption product-liability state-law Whether the Federal Aviation Act preempts state-law design-defect claims
18-956 Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc. Federal Circuit Judgment Issued 17-usc-102 17-usc-107 computer-code computer-program copyright-law copyright-protection fair-use federal-circuit intellectual-property software-development software-interface Whether copyright protection extends to a software interface
18-921 Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Juan, Puerto Rico v. Yali Acevedo Feliciano, et al. Puerto Rico GVR church-autonomy church-hierarchy church-structure civil-courts civil-rights ecclesiastical-rights ecclesiastical-structure establishment-clause first-amendment free-speech religious-organization Whether the First Amendment empowers courts to override the chosen legal structure of a religious organization and declare all of its constituent part…
18-926 Putnam Investments, LLC, et al. v. John Brotherston, Individually and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated, et al. First Circuit Denied active-management burden-of-proof circuit-split erisa erisa-fiduciary erisa-fiduciary-duty fiduciary-duty index-funds investment-options loss-causation Whether an ERISA plaintiff bears the burden of proving loss causation
18-817 Hikma Pharmaceuticals USA Inc., et al. v. Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc. Federal Circuit Denied generic-drugs inventive-concept medical-patent medical-treatment method-of-treatment natural-law patent-eligibility routine-and-conventional section-101 Whether patents that claim a method of medically treating a patient automatically satisfy Section 101 of the Patent Act, even if they apply a natural …
18-612 CSX Transportation, Inc. v. Alabama Department of Revenue, et al. Eleventh Circuit Denied commerce-clause csx-transportation discrimination discriminatory-taxation dormant-commerce-clause equal-protection interstate-commerce motor-carrier motor-carrier-tax preemption railroad-fuel state-taxation supreme-court-precedent tax-discrimination tax-jurisprudence Whether Alabama's imposition of a motor fuels tax on interstate motor carriers justifies its facially discriminatory sales and use tax on railroad die…
18-600 Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions, Inc. v. Renesas Electronics America, Inc., fka Intersil Corporation Federal Circuit Denied 35-usc-271 commercial-transactions extraterritoriality federal-circuit infringement international-relations offer-to-sell patent patent-infringement patent-law statutory-interpretation united-states-code venue Whether an 'offer to sell' under 35 U.S.C. § 271(a) occurs where the offer is made or where the proposed sale will take place
18-581 Argentine Republic v. Petersen Energia Inversora S.A.U., et al. Second Circuit Denied civil-procedure commercial-activity commercial-activity-exception expropriation foreign-policy foreign-sovereign-immunities-act international-law legal-exception sovereign-act sovereign-immunity Whether the 'commercial activity' exception to sovereign immunity in the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act, 28 U.S.C. § 1605(a)(2), is inapplicable to …
18-575 YPF S.A. v. Petersen Energia Inversora S.A.U., et al. Second Circuit Denied civil-procedure commercial-activity commercial-activity-exception expropriation federal-jurisdiction foreign-sovereign-immunities-act jurisdictional-challenge legal-exception sovereign-immunity Whether the 'commercial activity' exception to sovereign immunity in the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act, 28 U.S.C. 1605(a)(2), is inapplicable to su…
18-540 Leslie Rutledge, Attorney General of Arkansas v. Pharmaceutical Care Management Association Eighth Circuit Judgment Issued circuit-split drug-reimbursement eighth-circuit erisa-preemption health-care-law pbm-regulation pharmacy-benefit-managers rate-regulation state-regulation Whether the Eighth Circuit erred in holding that Arkansas's statute regulating PBMs' drug-reimbursement rates, which is similar to laws enacted by a s…
18-486 Toshiba Corporation v. Automotive Industries Pension Trust Fund, et al. Ninth Circuit Denied circuit-split domestic-transaction domestic-transactions extraterritoriality forum-shopping legal-interpretation morrison-v-national-australia-bank ninth-circuit second-circuit securities-exchange-act securities-fraud securities-regulation Whether the Exchange Act applies without exception whenever a claim is based on a domestic transaction, or whether in certain circumstances the Exchan…
18-447 Alabama Department of Revenue, et al. v. CSX Transportation, Inc. Eleventh Circuit Denied commerce-clause discrimination dormant-commerce-clause equal-protection fuel-exemption interstate-commerce preemption state-taxation statutory-interpretation tax-discrimination tax-exemption transportation-carriers Under 49 U.S.C. § 11501(b)(4), when can a State justifiably maintain a sales-and-use tax exemption for fuel used by vessels to transport goods interst…
18-415 HP Inc., fka Hewlett-Packard Company v. Steven E. Berkheimer Federal Circuit Denied 35-usc-101 abstract-idea alice-framework civil-procedure claim-construction inventive-concept judicial-exception patent patent-eligibility question-of-fact question-of-law section-101 standing Whether patent eligibility is a question of law for the court based on the scope of the claims or a question of fact for the jury based on the state o…
18-349 Darrell Patterson v. Walgreen Co. Eleventh Circuit Denied circuit-split civil-rights employment-discrimination hardison-v-twi reasonable-accommodation religious-accommodation title-vii undue-hardship Whether an accommodation that merely lessens or has the potential to eliminate the conflict between work and religious practice is 'reasonable' per se…
18-309 Lonnie Swartz v. Araceli Rodriguez, Individually and as the Surviving Mother and Personal Representative of J. A. Ninth Circuit GVR bivens bivens-remedy bivens-v-six-unknown-named-agents border-security cross-border-shooting extraterritorial-application foreign-relations fourth-amendment qualified-immunity separation-of-powers Whether the panel's decision to create an implied remedy for damages under Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of the Fed. Bureau of Narcotics, 403 U.S…
18-268 Kinder Morgan Energy Partners, L.P., et al. v. Upstate Forever, et al. Fourth Circuit GVR citizen-suit clean-water-act discharge-of-pollutants groundwater navigable-waters ongoing-violation point-source soil Whether the Clean Water Act's permitting requirement applies to discharges into soil or groundwater with a direct hydrological connection to navigable…
18-260 County of Maui, Hawaii v. Hawaii Wildlife Fund, et al. Ninth Circuit Judgment Issued clean-water-act fair-notice groundwater groundwater-contamination groundwater-regulation navigable-waters nonpoint-source nonpoint-source-pollution permit-requirements point-source point-source-pollution underground-injection Whether the CWA requires a permit when pollutants originate from a point source but are conveyed to navigable waters by a nonpoint source, such as gro…
18-164 First Solar, Inc., et al. v. Mineworkers' Pension Scheme, et al. Ninth Circuit Denied disclosure fraud fraud-claim loss-causation market-price private-plaintiff securities-fraud standing Whether a private securities-fraud plaintiff may establish the critical element of loss causation based on a decline in the market price of a security…
18-109 Ariosa Diagnostics, Inc. v. Illumina, Inc. Federal Circuit Denied 35-usc-102 35-usc-119 disclosure federal-circuit filing-date patent patent-application patent-law patent-prior-art prior-art priority subject-matter Unclaimed disclosures in a published patent application and an earlier application it relies on for priority enter the public domain and thus become p…
22O143 Mississippi, Plaintiff v. Tennessee, City of Memphis, Tennessee, and Memphis Light, Gas & Water Division Dismissed None
22O137 Montana, Plaintiff v. Wyoming and North Dakota Denied None