undue-hardship
15 cases — ← All topics
| Case | Title | Lower Court | Docketed | Status | Flags | Tags | Question Presented |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25-1166 | Charles Miller v. Charleston Area Medical Center, Inc. | Fourth Circuit | 2026-04-10 | Pending | civil-rights-act employment-discrimination groff-v-dejoy religious-accommodation title-vii undue-hardship | Whether, under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, an employer may satisfy its heightened burden, established by the Supreme Court's decision i… | |
| 25A981 | David Petersen, et al. v. Snohomish Regional Fire and Rescue, et al. | Ninth Circuit | 2026-03-06 | Application | covid-19-vaccination-mandate groff-v-dejoy religious-accommodation summary-judgment title-vii undue-hardship | Question not identified. | |
| 25-963 | Cynthia Braccia, et al. v. Northwell Health Systems | Second Circuit | 2026-02-17 | Pending | Amici (2) | preemption religious-accommodation supremacy-clause title-vii undue-hardship vaccine-mandate | 1. Whether an employer faces a per se Title VII undue hardship if granting an otherwise federally required religious accommodation would conflict with… |
| 25-126 | Michael Kane, et al. v. City of New York, New York, et al. | Second Circuit | 2025-08-01 | Denied | Amici (2)Relisted (2) | accommodation first-amendment religious-discrimination strict-scrutiny title-vii undue-hardship | Whether strict scrutiny applies to a discretionary religious-accommodation scheme that turns on whether individuals follow organized religion and whet… |
| 24-931 | Laurie Ann DeVore v. University of Kentucky Board of Trustees | Sixth Circuit | 2025-02-27 | Denied | Response Waived | accommodation-process religious-discrimination sincerely-held-beliefs title-vii totality-of-circumstances undue-hardship | 1. Whether the dispute of sincerely held religious beliefs should be evaluated under a Totality of Circumstances test that resolves the dispute, not b… |
| 24-48 | Dan Giurca v. Bon Secours Charity Health System, et al. | Second Circuit | 2024-07-16 | Denied | employment-agreement employment-discrimination religious-accommodation religious-discrimination sincerely-held-beliefs title-vii undue-hardship | Title VII makes it an unlawful "for an employer . . . to fail or refuse to hire . . . any individual . . . because of such individual's . . . religion… | |
| 23-152 | Alicia Lowe, et al. v. Janet T. Mills, Governor of Maine, et al. | First Circuit | 2023-08-16 | Denied | Can a court judgment be entirely untrue and violat child-custody civil-rights constitutional-rights due-process ex-parte legal-standing parental-rights preemption religious-accommodation supremacy-clause title-vii undue-hardship | (1) Whether compliance with state laws directly contrary to Title VII's requirement to provide a reasonable accommodation may serve as an undue hardsh… | |
| 22-174 | Gerald E. Groff v. Louis DeJoy, Postmaster General | Third Circuit | 2022-08-25 | Judgment Issued | Amici (57)Relisted (2) | civil-rights co-worker-burden de-minimis employment-discrimination hardison religious-accommodation religious-pluralism title-vii undue-hardship | 1. Whether this Court should disapprove the more-than-de-minimis-cost test for refusing Title VII religious accommodations stated in Trans World Airli… |
| 21-5290 | Gordon Nitka v. Department of Education | Tenth Circuit | 2021-08-04 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | bankruptcy-law brunner-test default loan-default repayment-period rosenberg speculative-income student-loan-discharge student-loans undue-hardship | analyzing the second prong of the Brunner test to determine "undue hardship," how should courts weigh speculation on the borrower's future income pote… |
| 20-886 | Thelma G. McCoy v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2021-01-04 | Denied | Amici (3) | bankruptcy bankruptcy-code brunner-test circuit-split student-loan-debt student-loans totality-of-circumstances totality-test undue-hardship | The Bankruptcy Code permits courts to discharge student loan debt in bankruptcy if a debtor can show that repaying it would cause her "undue hardship.… |
| 20-495 | Charee Stanley v. ExpressJet Airlines, Inc. | Sixth Circuit | 2020-10-15 | Denied | Response Waived | cba-interpretation circuit-split federal-preemption federal-statutory-claims mandatory-arbitration preemption railway-labor-act title-vii undue-hardship | 1. Whether, and under what circumstances, claims arising under federal statute are subject to the RLA's mandatory arbitration requirement. 2. Whether… |
| 19-1461 | Mitche A. Dalberiste v. GLE Associates, Inc. | Eleventh Circuit | 2020-07-07 | Denied | Amici (5)Relisted (13) | civil-rights employment-discrimination minority-religions religious-accommodation stare-decisis statutory-interpretation title-vii undue-hardship | Whether the Court should reconsider Hardison and set a proper legal standard for determining what constitutes an "undue hardship" under Title VII, 42 … |
| 19-1388 | Jason Small v. Memphis Light, Gas & Water | Sixth Circuit | 2020-06-18 | Denied | Amici (4)Response RequestedRelisted (13) | civil-rights de-minimis-cost employment-discrimination religious-accommodation statutory-interpretation title-vii undue-hardship | Whether Trans World Airlines, Inc. v. Hardison, 432 U.S. 63, 84 (1977), which stated that employers suffer an "undue hardship" in accommodating an emp… |
| 18-567 | Danny Snapp v. Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway Company | Ninth Circuit | 2018-10-31 | Denied | ada ADA-interactive-process ada-reasonable-accommodation burden-of-proof civil-rights disability-discrimination employer-burden employment interactive-process jury-instruction jury-instructions reasonable-accommodation summary-judgment undue-hardship us-airways-v-barnett | In 2013 on appeal from a summary judgment dismissing claims for violation of the Americans with Disabilities Act (the "ADA"), 42 U.S.C. §12101 et. seq… | |
| 18-349 | Darrell Patterson v. Walgreen Co. | Eleventh Circuit | 2018-09-17 | Denied | CVSGAmici (6)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (9) | circuit-split civil-rights employment-discrimination hardison-v-twi reasonable-accommodation religious-accommodation title-vii undue-hardship | Title VII prohibits an employer from firing an employee for engaging in a religious practice—here, abstaining from work on his Sabbath—"unless [the] e… |