when-district-court-violates-rule-11(c)(1)-of-federal-rules-of-criminal-procedure

QUESTIONS PRESENTED 1) When a district court violates Rule 11(c)(1) of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure by interfering in plea negotiations, can a defendant ordinarily satisfy the substantial rights prong of plain error where the defendant pleaded guilty on the very same day as the Rule 11(c)(1) violation? 2) Is a defendant required to demonstrate that a district court’s Rule 11(c)(1) violation “likely” caused him to plead guilty in order to satisfy the substantial rights prong of plain error? ii PARTIES Petitioner: Marcelino Martinez Respondent: United States of America