Whether the First Amendment and NAACP v. Claiborne Hardware Co. foreclose a state law negligence action against a protest leader for injuries caused by an unidentified person's violent act when the leader did not authorize, direct, or ratify the violence

QUESTION PRESENTED Do the First Amendment and this Court’s decision in NAACP v. Claiborne Hardware Co., 458 U.S. 886 (1982), foreclose a state law negligence action making a “leader” of a protest demonstration personally liable in damages for injuries inflicted by an unidentified person’s violent act there, when it is undisputed that the leader neither authorized, directed, nor ratified the perpetrator’s act, nor engaged in or incited violence of any kind? ii CERTIFICATE OF PARTIES, PROCEDINGS AND RELATED CASES In addition to the parties on the caption, Black Lives Matter Network, Inc., was a party to the proceedings before the Court of Appeals but does not join this petition. PROCEEDINGS Doe v. Mckesson, U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Louisiana, Civ. Action No. 16—00742-BAJ—RLB. Judgment entered September 28, 2017; and Doe v. Mckesson, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, No. 17-30864. Judgment entered August 8, 2019