No. 21-1333

Reynaldo Gonzalez, et al. v. Google LLC

Lower Court: Ninth Circuit
Docketed: 2022-04-06
Status: Judgment Issued
Type: Paid
Amici (79) Experienced Counsel
Tags: civil-rights communications-decency-act editorial-functions immunity information-content-provider interactive-computer-service section-230 targeted-recommendations
Key Terms:
Privacy
Latest Conference: 2022-09-28
Question Presented (AI Summary)

Does section 230(c)(1) immunize interactive computer services when they make targeted recommendations of information provided by another information content provider, or only limit the liability of interactive computer services when they engage in traditional editorial functions

Question Presented (OCR Extract)

QUESTION PRESENTED Section 203(c)(1) of the Communications Decency Act immunizes an “interactive computer service” (such as YouTube, Google, Facebook and Twitter) for “publish[ing] ... information provided by another” “information content provider” (such as someone who posts a video on YouTube or a statement on Facebook). This is the most recent of three court of appeals’ decisions regarding whether section 230(c)(1) immunizes an interactive computer service when it makes targeted recommendations of information provided by such another party. Five courts of appeals judges have concluded that section 230(c)(1) creates such immunity. Three court of appeals judges have rejected such immunity. One appellate judge has concluded only that circuit precedent precludes liability for such recommendations. The question presented is: Does section 230(c)(1) immunize interactive computer services when they make targeted recommendations of information provided by another information content provider, or only limit the liability of interactive computer services when they engage in traditional editorial functions (such as deciding whether to display or withdraw) with regard to such information? li PARTIES The petitioners are Reynaldo Gonzalez, the estate of Nohemi Gonzalez, Beatriz Gonzalez, individually and as administrator of the estate of Nohemi Gonzalez, Jose Hernandez, Rey Gonzalez, and Paul Gonzalez. The respondent is Google LLC.

Docket Entries

2023-06-20
Judgment issued.
2023-05-18
Judgment VACATED and case REMANDED. <a href = 'https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/21-1333_6j7a.pdf'>Opinion</a> per curiam.
2023-02-21
Argued. For petitioners: Eric Schnapper, Seattle, Wash.; and Malcolm L. Stewart, Deputy Solicitor General, Department of Justice, Washington, D. C. (for United States, as amicus curiae.) For respondent: Lisa S. Blatt, Washington, D. C.
2023-02-07
Reply of petitioners Reynaldo Gonzalez, et al. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-26
Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae, for divided argument, and for enlargement of time for oral argument GRANTED.
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Chamber of Progress et al. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Developers Alliance filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Reddit, Inc. and Reddit moderators filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Wikimedia Foundation filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Internet Society filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Bipartisan Policy Center filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Senator Ron Wyden and Former Representative Christopher Cox filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Software & Information Industry Association filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of The Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Computer & Communications Industry Association, et al. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Marketplace Industry Association and Match Group, LLC filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Scholars of Civil Rights and Social Justice filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Internet Law Scholars filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Progressive Policy Institute filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Twitter, Inc. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Meta Platforms, Inc. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of M. Chris Riley, Floor64, Inc. d/b/a The Copia Institute, and Engine Advocacy filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Reason Foundation filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Electronic Frontier Foundation, et al. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia University filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Information Science Scholars filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Trust & Safety Foundation filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Craigslist, Inc. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Product Liability Advisory Council, Inc. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Internet Works, et al. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Microsoft Corporation filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Economists Ginger Zhe Jin, et al. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Yelp Inc. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of Automattic Inc. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of The American Action Forum filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of National Security Experts filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Authors Alliance and Internet Creators filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Former Senator Rick Santorum and Protect the First Foundation filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of ZipRecruiter, Inc. and Indeed, Inc. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of NYU Stern Center for Business and Human Rights filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and the Media Law Resource Center filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amicus curiae of ACT | The App Association filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Cato Institute, et al. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of American Civil Liberties Union, et al filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of ARTICLE 19: Global Campaign For Free Expression, et al. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Center For Growth and Opportunity, et al. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-19
Brief amici curiae of Economists filed (Jan. 26, 2023). (Distributed)
2023-01-18
Motion of the Acting Solicitor General for leave to participate in oral argument as amicus curiae, for divided argument, and for enlargement of time for oral argument filed.
2023-01-18
Brief amici curiae of Internet Infrastructure Coalition, et al. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-18
Brief amicus curiae of TechFreedom filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-18
Brief amici curiae of Center for Democracy & Technology, et al. filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-18
Brief amicus curiae of Public Knowledge filed (Jan. 30, 2023). (Distributed)
2023-01-17
CIRCULATED
2023-01-17
Brief amicus curiae of Washington Legal Foundation filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-16
Brief amicus curiae of Prof. Eric Goldman filed. (Distributed)
2023-01-12
Brief of respondent Google LLC filed. (Distributed)
2022-12-22
The record from the U.S.D.C. Northern District of California is available on PACER.
2022-12-21
The record from the U.S.C.A. 9th Circuit is available on PACER.
2022-12-20
Record requested from the U.S.C.A. 9th Circuit.
2022-12-19
SET FOR ARGUMENT on Tuesday, February 21, 2023.
2022-12-07
Brief amicus curiae of United States in support of vacatur filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amici curiae of The Cyber Civil Rights Initiative and Legal Scholars filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amici curiae of Counter Extremism Project (CEP), et al. filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amicus curiae of American Association for Justice filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amici curiae of The National Center on Sexual Exploitation, et al. filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amicus curiae of Texas filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amicus curiae of Anti-Defamation League in support of neither party filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amici curiae of Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, et al. in support of neither party filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amici curiae of Seattle School District No. 1, et al. filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amicus curiae of CHILD USA filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amicus curiae of Electronic Privacy Information Center filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amicus curiae of Free Press Action in support of neither party filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amici curiae of Former National Security Officials in support of neither party filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amici curiae of Institute for Free Speech, et al. in support of neither party filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amicus curiae of Tawainna Anderson individually and as Administratrix of the Estate of Nylah Anderson a deceased minor filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amici curiae of America's Future, et al. filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amicus curiae of Center for Renewing America, Inc. in support of neither party filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amici curiae of U.S. Senator Ted Cruz, et al. in support of neither party filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amici curiae of Zionist Organization of America, et al. filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amici curiae of Integrity Institute, et al. in support of neither party (12/14/2022) filed.
2022-12-07
Brief amicus curiae of Children’s Advocacy Institute at the University of San Diego School of Law in support of neither party filed.
2022-12-06
Brief amicus curiae of Giffords Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence in support of neither party filed.
2022-12-06
Brief amici curiae of Common Sense Media and Frances Haugen filed.
2022-12-06
Brief amicus curiae of Fairplay filed.
2022-12-06
Brief amicus curiae of CITP Tech Policy Clinic in support of neither party filed.
2022-12-06
Brief amicus curiae of Senator Josh Hawley filed.
2022-12-06
Brief amicus curiae of Free Speech for People filed.
2022-12-06
Brief amici curiae of States of Tennessee, et al. filed.
2022-12-06
Brief amici curiae of Major General Tamir Hayman (ret.),et al. filed.
2022-12-01
Brief amici curiae of National Police Association, Inc., et al. filed.
2022-11-30
Brief of petitioners Reynaldo Gonzalez, et al. filed.
2022-11-30
Joint appendix filed.
2022-11-23
Motion for a further extension of time to file the briefs on the merits granted. The time to file the joint appendix and petitioners' brief on the merits is further extended to and including November 30, 2022. The time to file respondent's brief on the merits is further extended to and including January 12, 2023.
2022-11-22
Motion for a further extension of time to file the briefs on the merits filed.
2022-11-18
Brief amicus curiae of Liberty Justice Center filed.
2022-11-10
Motion to extend the time to file the joint appendix and the briefs on the merits granted. The time to file the joint appendix and petitioners' brief on the merits is extended to and including November 29, 2022. The time to file respondent's brief on the merits is extended to and including January 11, 2023.
2022-11-03
Motion for an extension of time to file the joint appendix and the briefs on the merits filed. (November 8, 2022 - corrected submission accepted.)
2022-11-02
Blanket Consent filed by Petitioner, Reynaldo Gonzalez, et al.
2022-10-18
Blanket Consent filed by Respondent, Google LLC
2022-10-03
Petition GRANTED.
2022-08-31
DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 9/28/2022.
2022-07-19
Reply of petitioners Reynaldo Gonzalez, et al. filed.
2022-07-05
Brief of respondent Google LLC in opposition filed.
2022-04-29
Motion to extend the time to file a response is granted and the time is extended to and including July 5, 2022.
2022-04-28
Motion to extend the time to file a response from May 6, 2022 to July 5, 2022, submitted to The Clerk.
2022-04-04
Petition for a writ of certiorari filed. (Response due May 6, 2022)

Attorneys

ACT | The App Association
Brian Eugene Scarpelli — Amicus
Brian Eugene Scarpelli — Amicus
America's Future, U.S. Constitutional Rights Legal Defense Fund, and Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund
William Jeffrey OlsonWilliam J. Olson, P.C., Amicus
William Jeffrey OlsonWilliam J. Olson, P.C., Amicus
American Association for Justice
Jeffrey Robert WhiteAmerican Association for Justice, Amicus
Jeffrey Robert WhiteAmerican Association for Justice, Amicus
American Civil Liberties Union, et al
Jennifer Stisa GranickAmerican Civil Liberties Union Foundation, Amicus
Jennifer Stisa GranickAmerican Civil Liberties Union Foundation, Amicus
Anti-Defamation League
Steven M. FreemanAnti-Defamation League, Amicus
Steven M. FreemanAnti-Defamation League, Amicus
Article 19: Global Campaign For Free Expression et al.
Robert Parke LathamJackson Walker LLP, Amicus
Robert Parke LathamJackson Walker LLP, Amicus
Marc Aaron FullerJackson Walker LLP, Amicus
Marc Aaron FullerJackson Walker LLP, Amicus
Authors Alliance and Internet Creators
Benjamin William BerkowitzKeker & Van Nest LLP, Amicus
Benjamin William BerkowitzKeker & Van Nest LLP, Amicus
Automattic Inc.
Mark A. LemleyLex Lumina PLLC, Amicus
Mark A. LemleyLex Lumina PLLC, Amicus
Bipartisan Policy Center
Lynn OberlanderBallard Spahr LLP, Amicus
Lynn OberlanderBallard Spahr LLP, Amicus
Cato Institute
Anastasia Paulinna BodenCato Institute, Amicus
Anastasia Paulinna BodenCato Institute, Amicus
Center for Democracy & Technology and 6 Technologists
Gregory T. NojeimCenter for Democracy & Technology, Amicus
Gregory T. NojeimCenter for Democracy & Technology, Amicus
Center For Growth and Opportunity, et al.
Andrew C. NicholsCharis Lex P.C., Amicus
Andrew C. NicholsCharis Lex P.C., Amicus
Center for Renewing America, Inc.
Andrei Dan PopoviciLaw Office of Andrei D. Popovici, P.C., Amicus
Andrei Dan PopoviciLaw Office of Andrei D. Popovici, P.C., Amicus
Chamber of Progress; Global Project Against Hate and Extremism; HONR Network; Information Technology Innovation Foundation; IP Justice; LGBT Tech Institute; Multicultural Media Telecom and Internet Council
Robert Lawrence Corn-RevereDavis Wright Tremaine LLP, Amicus
Robert Lawrence Corn-RevereDavis Wright Tremaine LLP, Amicus
CHILD USA
Marci A. HamiltonUniversity of Pennsylvania, Amicus
Marci A. HamiltonUniversity of Pennsylvania, Amicus
Children’s Advocacy Institute at the University of San Diego School of Law
Edward Paxson Howard IVUniversity of San Diego School of Law, Amicus
Edward Paxson Howard IVUniversity of San Diego School of Law, Amicus
CITP Tech Policy Clinic
Jeremy Seth SpiegelLaw Office of Jeremy Spiegel, Amicus
Jeremy Seth SpiegelLaw Office of Jeremy Spiegel, Amicus
Common Sense Media and Frances Haugen
Jolina Carbonell CuaresmaCommon Sense Media, Amicus
Jolina Carbonell CuaresmaCommon Sense Media, Amicus
Computer & Communications Industry Association, NetChoice, Digital Media Association, the Information Technology Industry Council, the Interactive Advertising Bureau, and TechNet
William McGinley JayGoodwin Procter, LLP, Amicus
William McGinley JayGoodwin Procter, LLP, Amicus
Counter Extremism Project (CEP) and Hany Farid
Kimberly Renee Lambert-AdamsLevin, Papantonio, Rafferty, Proctor, et al., Amicus
Kimberly Renee Lambert-AdamsLevin, Papantonio, Rafferty, Proctor, et al., Amicus
Craigslist, Inc.
Peter KaranjiaDLA Piper LLP, Amicus
Peter KaranjiaDLA Piper LLP, Amicus
Developers Alliance
James Harold HulmeArentFox Schiff LLP, Amicus
James Harold HulmeArentFox Schiff LLP, Amicus
Economist
Jennifer Beth TatelWilkinson Barker Knauer LLP, Amicus
Jennifer Beth TatelWilkinson Barker Knauer LLP, Amicus
Economists Ginger Zhe Jin, Steven Tadelis, Liad Wagman and Joshua D. Wright
Scott A. KellerLehotsky Keller LLP, Amicus
Scott A. KellerLehotsky Keller LLP, Amicus
Electronic Frontier Foundation, American Library Association, Association of Research Libraries, Freedom to Read Foundation, and the Interest Archive
Aaron David MackeyElectronic Frontier Foundation, Amicus
Aaron David MackeyElectronic Frontier Foundation, Amicus
Electronic Privacy Information Center
Alan Jay ButlerElectronic Privacy Information Center, Amicus
Alan Jay ButlerElectronic Privacy Information Center, Amicus
Fairplay
Angela J. CampbellGeorgetown Law, Amicus
Angela J. CampbellGeorgetown Law, Amicus
Former National Security Officials
Mary B. McCordInstitute for Constitutional Advocacy & Protection, Amicus
Mary B. McCordInstitute for Constitutional Advocacy & Protection, Amicus
Former Senator Rick Santorum and Protect the First Foundation
Gene Clayton SchaerrSchaerr | Jaffe, Amicus
Gene Clayton SchaerrSchaerr | Jaffe, Amicus
Free Press Action
Kevin K. RussellGoldstein and Russell, P.C., Amicus
Kevin K. RussellGoldstein and Russell, P.C., Amicus
Free Speech For People
Courtney Marie HostetlerFree Speech For People, Amicus
Courtney Marie HostetlerFree Speech For People, Amicus
Google LLC
Lisa Schiavo BlattWilliams & Connolly LLP, Respondent
Lisa Schiavo BlattWilliams & Connolly LLP, Respondent
Brian Michael WillenWilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati, P.C., Respondent
Brian Michael WillenWilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati, P.C., Respondent
Information Science Scholars
Michael Soonuk KwunKwun Bhansali Lazarus LLP, Amicus
Michael Soonuk KwunKwun Bhansali Lazarus LLP, Amicus
Institute for Free Speech and Professor Adam Candeub
Endel Rohe KoldeInstitute for Free Speech, Amicus
Endel Rohe KoldeInstitute for Free Speech, Amicus
Integrity Institute and AlgoTransparency
James Patrick DavyAll Rise Trial & Appellate, Amicus
James Patrick DavyAll Rise Trial & Appellate, Amicus
Internet Infrastructure Coalition; cPanel, LLC; Identity Digital Inc.; Texas.Net, Inc.; Tucows Inc.
Andrew Phillip BridgesFenwick & West, LLP, Amicus
Andrew Phillip BridgesFenwick & West, LLP, Amicus
Internet Law Scholars
Michael Julian GottliebWILLKIE FARR & GALLAGHER LLP, Amicus
Michael Julian GottliebWILLKIE FARR & GALLAGHER LLP, Amicus
Internet Society
Raechel Keay KummerMorgan, Lewis & Bockius, LLP, Amicus
Raechel Keay KummerMorgan, Lewis & Bockius, LLP, Amicus
Internet Works, Etsy, Inc., Glassdoor, Inc., Pinterest, Inc., Roblox Corporation, Scribd, Inc., Skillshare, Inc., Tripadvisor LLC, and Vimeo Inc.
John Franklin BashQuinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan, LLP, Amicus
John Franklin BashQuinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan, LLP, Amicus
Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia University
Scott Block WilkensKnight First Amend. Inst. at Columbia Univ., Amicus
Scott Block WilkensKnight First Amend. Inst. at Columbia Univ., Amicus
Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law
David Ryan BrodyLawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Amicus
David Ryan BrodyLawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Amicus
Liberty Justice Center
Daniel Robert SuhrLiberty Justice Center, Amicus
Daniel Robert SuhrLiberty Justice Center, Amicus
M. Chris Riley, Floor64, Inc. d/b/a The Copia Institute, and Engine Advocacy
Catherine Rachel GellisAttorney at Law, Amicus
Catherine Rachel GellisAttorney at Law, Amicus
Major General Tamir Hayman (ret.), Lt. General Moshe (Bogie) Ya’alon (ret.), Brig. General Yossi Kuperwasser (ret.), Roni Alsheikh, Major General Yaakov Amidror (ret.), and Haim Tomer
David JaroslawiczJaroslawicz & Jaros PLLC, Amicus
David JaroslawiczJaroslawicz & Jaros PLLC, Amicus
Marketplace Industry Association and Match Group, LLC
Albert Quoc GiangKing & Spalding LLP, Amicus
Albert Quoc GiangKing & Spalding LLP, Amicus
Meta Platforms, Inc.
Paul D. ClementClement & Murphy, PLLC, Amicus
Paul D. ClementClement & Murphy, PLLC, Amicus
Microsoft Corporation
E. Joshua RosenkranzOrrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP, Amicus
E. Joshua RosenkranzOrrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP, Amicus
National Police Association, Inc. and National Fallen Officer Foundation
James Bopp Jr.The Bopp Law Firm, PC, Amicus
James Bopp Jr.The Bopp Law Firm, PC, Amicus
National Security Experts
Christopher J. WrightHWG LLP, Amicus
Christopher J. WrightHWG LLP, Amicus
NYU Stern Center for Business and Human Rights
Jonathan Yates EllisMcGuireWoods LLP, Amicus
Jonathan Yates EllisMcGuireWoods LLP, Amicus
Product Liability Advisory Council, Inc.
Andrew John PincusMayer Brown LLP, Amicus
Andrew John PincusMayer Brown LLP, Amicus
Prof. Eric Goldman
Venkat BalasubramaniFocal PLLC, Amicus
Venkat BalasubramaniFocal PLLC, Amicus
Progressive Policy Institute
Roy T. Englert Jr.Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel LLP, Amicus
Roy T. Englert Jr.Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel LLP, Amicus
Public Knowledge
Harold FeldPublic Knowledge, Amicus
Harold FeldPublic Knowledge, Amicus
Reason Foundation
Erik S. JaffeSchaerr | Jaffe LLP, Amicus
Erik S. JaffeSchaerr | Jaffe LLP, Amicus
REDDIT, INC. AND REDDIT MODERATORS
Michael Robert HustonPerkins Coie LLP, Amicus
Michael Robert HustonPerkins Coie LLP, Amicus
Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and the Media Law Resource Center
David A. O'NeilDebevoise & Plimpton LLP, Amicus
David A. O'NeilDebevoise & Plimpton LLP, Amicus
Reynaldo Gonzalez, et al.
Eric SchnapperUniv. of Washington School of Law, Petitioner
Eric SchnapperUniv. of Washington School of Law, Petitioner
Robert J. TolchinThe Berkman Law Office, LLC, Petitioner
Robert J. TolchinThe Berkman Law Office, LLC, Petitioner
Scholars of Civil Rights and Social Justice
Paul Whitfield HughesMcDermott Will & Emery, Amicus
Paul Whitfield HughesMcDermott Will & Emery, Amicus
Seattle School District No. 1, Kent School District No. 415
Derek William LoeserKeller Rohrback LLP, Amicus
Derek William LoeserKeller Rohrback LLP, Amicus
Senator Josh Hawley
Joshua David HawleyN/A, Amicus
Joshua David HawleyN/A, Amicus
Senator Ron Wyden and Former Representative Christopher Cox
Ginger D. AndersMunger, Tolles & Olson LLP, Amicus
Ginger D. AndersMunger, Tolles & Olson LLP, Amicus
Software & Information Industry Association
Tod CohenSteptoe & Johnson LLP, Amicus
Tod CohenSteptoe & Johnson LLP, Amicus
Tawainna Anderson individually and as Administratrix of the Estate of Nylah Anderson a deceased minor
Larry BendeskySaltz, Mongeluzzi, Barrett, & Bendesky, PC, Amicus
Larry BendeskySaltz, Mongeluzzi, Barrett, & Bendesky, PC, Amicus
TechFreedom
Corbin Knight BartholdTechFreedom, Amicus
Corbin Knight BartholdTechFreedom, Amicus
The American Action Forum
Steven Andrew EngelDechert LLP, Amicus
Steven Andrew EngelDechert LLP, Amicus
The Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America
Michael R. DreebenO’Melveny & Myers LLP, Amicus
Michael R. DreebenO’Melveny & Myers LLP, Amicus
The Cyber Civil Rights Initiative and Legal Scholars
Jeffrey A. MandellStafford Rosenbaum, LLP, Amicus
Jeffrey A. MandellStafford Rosenbaum, LLP, Amicus
The National Center on Sexual Exploitation, The National Trafficking Sheltered Alliance, and RAINN
Peter Andrew GentalaNational Center on Sexual Exploitation, Amicus
Peter Andrew GentalaNational Center on Sexual Exploitation, Amicus
The State of Tennessee, et al.
Andree Kahn Blumstein — Amicus
Andree Kahn Blumstein — Amicus
The State of Texas
Judd Edward Stone IITexas Attorney General's Office, Amicus
Judd Edward Stone IITexas Attorney General's Office, Amicus
Trust & Safety Foundation
Mark William BrennanHogan Lovells US LLP, Amicus
Mark William BrennanHogan Lovells US LLP, Amicus
Twitter, Inc.
Seth P. WaxmanWilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP, Amicus
Seth P. WaxmanWilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP, Amicus
U.S. Senator Ted Cruz, Congressman Mike Johnson, and Fifteen Other Members of Congress
R. Trent McCotterBoyden Gray & Associates PLLC, Amicus
R. Trent McCotterBoyden Gray & Associates PLLC, Amicus
United States
Brian Halligan FletcherDepartment of Justice, Amicus
Brian Halligan FletcherDepartment of Justice, Amicus
Washington Legal Foundation
John Mercer Masslon IIWashington Legal Foundation, Amicus
John Mercer Masslon IIWashington Legal Foundation, Amicus
Wikimedia Foundation
Kathleen Roberta HartnettCooley LLP, Amicus
Kathleen Roberta HartnettCooley LLP, Amicus
Yelp Inc.
Anna-Rose MathiesonComplex Appellate Litigation Group LLP, Amicus
Anna-Rose MathiesonComplex Appellate Litigation Group LLP, Amicus
Zionist Organization of America and the Rieders Foundation
Susan B. TuchmanZionist Organization of America, Amicus
Susan B. TuchmanZionist Organization of America, Amicus
ZipRecruiter, Inc. and Indeed, Inc.
Roman Martinez VLatham & Watkins, LLP, Amicus
Roman Martinez VLatham & Watkins, LLP, Amicus