This case presents an intractable conflict between the rights of appellants in the Fifth Circuit to enjoy equal protection under the law and meaningfully access the courts and the Fifth Circuit's application of Willis v. Cleco to routinely abridge those constitutional rights. The Fifth Circuit applies Willis in a manner that results in any appellant who fails to challenge all grounds supporting the district court's decision having waived their appeal. Other courts of appeal apply this waiver principle on a case-by-case basis and do not automatically foreclose consideration of such appeals – allowing for exceptions to such waivers for the protection of fundamental rights.

The question presented is:

Did the Fifth Circuit's automatic application of Willis v. Cleco, to foreclose consideration of Petitioner's pro se appeal – in conflict with appellate courts that recognize that analysis of such waivers should be made on a case-by-case basis; and where the record demonstrated that the district court's alternative basis for summary judgment lacked sufficient explanation to allow for meaningful appellate review violate the pro se Petitioner's rights to equal protection and meaningful access to the courts?

Did the Fifth Circuit's automatic application of Willis v. Cleco violate the pro se Petitioner's rights to equal-protection, meaningful-access-to-courts