Whether Article III courts are required to apply the law to the facts of a dispute

QUESTIONS PRESENTED Under our legal system, courts determine the relevant facts of a case before applying the law. These functions have long been understood as crucial to the exercise of judicial power because the application of law hinges on the specific circumstances or facts surrounding a dispute. The questions presented for review here are: 1. Whether Article III courts as institutions, through the judicial officials who operate them, are required to apply the law to the facts of a dispute the parties have brought before the court for adjudication? 2. Whether Article III courts as institutions, through the judicial officials who operate them, must apply the law to those facts found to exist with regards to judicial inquiries related to appellate courts’ jurisdiction pursuant to the collateral order exceptions to the final judgments rule? 3. Whether a state court plaintiff, whose case has been removed to a federal court, can insist that his removed case be adjudicated by a judicial officer holding the office of Judge during good behavior?