Does 18 U.S.C. § 2251(a) apply extraterritorially to permit the prosecution of a non-U.S. citizen located in a foreign country whose conduct giving rise to the § 2251(a) charges occurred entirely in that foreign country, or is the provision limited to domestic applications?

QUESTIONS PRESENTED One of the statutes addressing the sexual exploitation of children, 18 U.S.C. § 2251, prohibits (a) the employment, enticement, or coercion of a minor (2) with intent that the minor engage in sexually explicit conduct for the purpose of producing or transmitting a visual depiction of that conduct and (3) with knowledge that the depiction will be transported or transmitted usings a means or facility of interstate or foreign commerce. This case presents two questions: 1. Does § 2251(a) apply extraterritorially to permit the prosecution of a non-U.S. citizen located in a foreign country whose conduct giving rise to the § 2251(a) charges occurred entirely in that foreign country, or is the provision limited to domestic applications? 2. If § 2251(a) is limited to domestic applications, can it be applied to foreign conduct by foreign actors so long as the conduct involves domestic wire transmissions? ‘