City of Los Angeles, California v. Jesus Pimentel, et al.
AdministrativeLaw SocialSecurity DueProcess FirstAmendment Punishment ClassAction JusticiabilityDoctri
Does a government defending against an Eighth Amendment excessive fines claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 bear a burden to produce affirmative evidence that the fine is not grossly disproportionate to the gravity of the offense, when the plaintiff lacks evidence to establish a prima facie case of gross disproportionality as required by United States v. Bajakajian
Does a government defending against an Eighth Amendment excessive fines claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 bear a burden to produce affirmative evidence that the fine is not grossly disproportionate to the gravity of the offense, when the plaintiff lacks evidence to establish a prima facie case of gross disproportionality as required by United States v. Bajakajian , 524 U.S. 321 (1998)?