Whether Bridge v. Phoenix Bond & Indemnity Co. permits a fraud claim based on misrepresentations to a third-party government agency that causes injury to the plaintiff, or whether the Fifth Circuit may impose a categorical first-party reliance requirement

1. Whether Bridge v. Phoenix Bond & Indemnity Co. permits a fraud claim based on misrepresentations to a third-party government agency that cause injury to the plaintiff, or whether the Fifth Circuit may impose a categorical first-party reliance requirement. 2. Whether Heck v. Humphrey bars state-law fraud claims against private parties who fabricated evidence, where success would establish only their misconduct and not necessarily imply the invalidity of any conviction. Resolving both questions is essential to ensure that private actors cannot exploit government agencies as instruments of fraud while evading accountability.