Whether the Ninth Circuit erred in recognizing a Bivens cause of action

This case concerns the judicially created damages remedy first recognized in Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics , 403 U.S. 388 (1971). In Carlson v. Green , 446 U.S. 14 (1980), the Court extended Bivens to an Eighth Amendment claim of deliberate indifference to medica l needs where prison officials failed to address an inma te’s acute asthma attack and exacerbated it, causing his deat h on-site within hours. Since then, this Court has emphasized that the creation of damages actions rests with Congress, not courts. The judicially created Bivens remedy thus cannot be extended to any “new Bivens context” if any “special factor counsel[s] hesitation” in doing so. Ziglar v. Abbasi , 582 U.S. 120, 139-140 (2017). “[T]h e new-context inquiry is easily satisfied,” encompassing ca ses with “ ‘meaningful[ly]’ ” different facts, or “ ‘potential special factors’ ”—including “alternative remedial structures”—“ ‘not consider[ed]’ ” in the Court’s prior cases. Egbert v. Boule , 596 U.S. 482, 492493 (2022). “[A] cour t may not recognize a Bivens remedy” if “there is any reason to think that Congress might be better equipped to create a damages remedy.” Id. at 492. In this case, respondent alleged that he suffered a fractured coccyx in a prison gang fight, causing chronic pain, but was not sent to a hospital. The Ninth Circuit held the suit did not present a “new” context from Carlson —notwithstanding an alternative remedial scheme this Court did not consider in Carlson , and despite significant factual differences such as the immediacy and severity of the harm alleged. The question presented is: Whether the Ninth Circuit here erred in recognizing a Bivens cause of action.