Andre Belous v. City of Battle Creek, Michigan
DueProcess
1. Oath of Office & Due Process
Whether a state court judgment is void when initiated by a municipal officer
who never filed the constitutionally required oath of office, and whether the
Due Process Clause requires courts —particularly after Loper Light
Enterprises v. Raimondo, 603 U.S. (2024), and E.M.D. Sales, Inc. v.
Carrera, 604 U.S. (2025) —to independently review such jurisdictional
defects rather than presume regularity.
2. Stateless Person & Federal Removal
Whether a stateless resident of the United States, asserting violations of
federal constitutional rights, is entitled to removal under 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331,
1441, or 1443 when state courts refuse to adjudicate those federal claims
3. Al-Assisted Petitioning & the First Amendment
Whether the First Amendment 's Petition Clause protects an individual 's
right to use artificial intelligence as a speech-prosthetic to draft legal filings,
and whether courts may disregard petitions prepared with Al assistance
consistent with the right to petition for redress of grievances.
Whether a state court judgment is void when initiated by a municipal officer who never filed the constitutionally required oath of office, and whether the Due Process Clause requires courts to independently review jurisdictional defects