Whether the CFPB violates separation-of-powers

QUESTIONS PRESENTED The questions presented are: 1. Whether Title X of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act violates the Constitution’s separation of powers by creating the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (“CFPB”) as an independent agency that exercises expansive executive authority over private citizens but is led by a single Director that the President cannot remove from office for policy reasons, is exempted from Congress’s power of the purse and accompanying congressional oversight, and has no internal checks or balances (such as those afforded by a deliberative multi-member commission structure) to mitigate this lack of accountability and restraint. 2. Whether Humphrey’s Ex’r v. United States, 295 U.S. 602 (1935), should be overturned. 3. Whether the Appropriations Clause, in conjunction with the Constitution’s separation of powers, permits Congress to create perpetual, ondemand funding streams for executive agencies that are unreviewably drawn from the coffers of other independent agencies.