Whether a plaintiff's claim 'relates to' a defendant's forum-directed conduct merely by alleging defects in a product the defendant sold in the forum, in the absence of any in-forum injury or other incident involving the product in the forum

The “relatedness” requirement of specific personal jurisdiction , last addressed by this Court in Ford Motor Co. v. Montana Eighth Judicial District Court , 592 U.S. 351 (2021), demands that the plaintiff’s claim “arise out of or relate to” the defendant’s forum directed conduct. The question presented is: Whether a plaintiff’s claim “relates to” a defendant’s forum -directed conduct merely by alleging defects in a product the defendant sold in the forum, in the absence of any in -forum injury or other incident involving the product in the forum.