| 25-6644 |
James Daniel Arbaugh v. United States |
Fourth Circuit |
2026-01-22 |
Pending |
Response WaivedIFP |
constitutional-limits criminal-prosecution foreign-commerce-clause international-law territorial-jurisdiction treaty-power |
Whether Congress exceeded the Foreign Commerce Clause's limits when criminalizing non-commercial sexual conduct in foreign territories, whether treaty… |
| 25-163 |
Corrigan Clay v. United States |
Third Circuit |
2025-08-11 |
Denied |
|
constitutional-interpretation criminal-statute extraterritorial-jurisdiction foreign-commerce-clause missouri-v-holland optional-protocol |
Whether the Foreign Commerce Clause empowers Congress to criminalize private, non-commercial conduct that occurs entirely abroad and whether Missouri … |
| 24A1124 |
Corrigan Clay v. United States |
Third Circuit |
2025-05-21 |
Presumed Complete |
|
congressional-power extraterritorial-jurisdiction foreign-commerce-clause interstate-commerce missouri-v-holland treaty-power |
Whether Congress's power under the Foreign Commerce Clause and the Treaty Power permits federal criminal prosecution for extraterritorial conduct not … |
| 19-7754 |
Erik Leonardus Peeters v. United States |
Ninth Circuit |
2020-02-24 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
commerce-clause congressional-power constitutional-safeguards extraterritorial-jurisdiction foreign-commerce-clause jurisdictional-limits non-commercial-conduct non-economic-conduct police-power united-states-v-al-maliki united-states-v-lopez united-states-v-morrison |
Does 18 U.S.C. § 2423(c)'s regulation of non-commercial, non-economic conduct of American citizens outside the United States exceed Congress's Foreign… |
| 19-7486 |
Michael Lindsay v. United States |
Ninth Circuit |
2020-01-29 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
18-usc-2423c commerce-clause congressional-power constitutional-safeguards due-process extraterritorial-jurisdiction extraterritorial-regulation foreign-commerce foreign-commerce-clause non-commercial-conduct police-power united-states-v-lopez united-states-v-morrison |
Does 18 U.S.C. § 2423(c)'s regulation of non-commercial, non-economic conduct of American citizens outside the United States exceed Congress's Foreign… |
| 19-256 |
Yuzef Abramov v. United States |
Ninth Circuit |
2019-08-28 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
constitutional-powers counsel-of-choice due-process extraterritorial-jurisdiction foreign-commerce-clause necessary-and-proper necessary-and-proper-clause sixth-amendment standing statutory-interpretation treaty-power |
Whether it is constitutional to extend 18 U.S.C. § 2423(c) to noncommercial conduct allegedly committed by a foreign citizen and resident against othe… |
| 18-6854 |
Matthew Lane Durham v. United States |
Tenth Circuit |
2018-11-28 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
commerce-clause congressional-power enumerated-powers extraterritorial-jurisdiction foreign-commerce-clause jurisdictional-limits minor-protection noncommercial-activity noneconomic-activity sexual-acts sexual-conduct statutory-interpretation |
Did Congress exceed its enumerated powers under the Foreign Commerce Clause by punishing noncommercial, noneconomic sexual acts committed by a U.S. ci… |