VICAR-statute
10 cases — ← All topics
| Case | Title | Lower Court | Docketed | Status | Flags | Tags | Question Presented |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24-6348 | Christopher Howard v. United States | Second Circuit | 2025-01-21 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | constitutional-validity criminal-procedure inter-circuit-split jury-instructions rico-conspiracy vicar-statute | Whether the Second Circuit's decisions overturning the District Court's acquittal on VICAR and 924(c) counts created an inter-circuit split regarding … |
| 24-5768 | James H. Roane v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2024-10-16 | Denied | IFP | categorical-approach criminal-statute force-clause racketeering-enterprise VICAR-statute violent-force | When a § 924(c) conviction is predicated on a VICAR offense, must a reviewing court apply the categorical approach to the state or federal statute und… |
| 24A31 | Cesar Yoaldo Castillo v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2024-07-11 | Presumed Complete | circuit-split crime-of-violence firearm-enhancement gang-related-crime sentencing-enhancement vicar-statute | Whether convictions under the VICAR statute for assault with a dangerous weapon qualify as 'crimes of violence' for purposes of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c) | |
| 24-5042 | Carlos Emanuel Kinard v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2024-07-10 | Denied | IFP | 18-usc-1959 18-usc-924 assault-definition circuit-split crime-of-violence federal-criminal-law mens-rea racketeering-enterprise vicar-statute | If the state or federal crime incorporated into an 18 U.S.C. § 1959(a)(3) conviction categorially does not meet the 18 U.S.C. § 924(c) definition of a… |
| 23-1168 | Dearnta Lavon Thomas v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2024-04-30 | Denied | 18-usc-1959 18-usc-924c categorical-approach crime-of-violence mens-rea predicate-offense racketeering-enterprise vicar VICAR-statute | Whether a court must apply the categorical approach to the predicate offense supporting a VICAR conviction to determine if it is a crime of violence u… | |
| 23A770 | Dearnta Lavon Thomas v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2024-02-23 | Presumed Complete | circuit-split crime-of-violence firearms-charge predicate-offense statutory-interpretation vicar-statute | Whether a VICAR statute violation requires analyzing both the enumerated offense category and the underlying state-law predicate offenses to determine… | |
| 22-946 | Martin Jay Manley v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2023-03-29 | Denied | Response Waived | borden categorical-approach circuit-split divisibility extreme-recklessness fourth-circuit mathis use-of-force vicar-statute violent-crimes-in-aid-of-racketeering | Whether the Fourth Circuit erred in holding that the Violent Crimes in Aid of Racketeering (VICAR) statute is divisible |
| 22-6554 | Adrian Gordon v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2023-01-18 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 18-usc-1959 18-usc-924c conspiracy-theory crimes-of-violence criminal-liability gun-enhancement pinkerton-liability racketeering vicar-statute | Are Instructions under Pinkerton v. United States appropriate for crimes of violence in aid of racketeering under 18 U.S.C. § 1959 (VICAR) when the pe… |
| 21-6787 | Rondale Young v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2022-01-10 | Denied | IFP | but-for-causation but-for-cause circuit-split criminal-law ninth-circuit-interpretation purpose-element racketeering racketeering-enterprise statutory-interpretation vicar-statute violent-crime violent-crimes | Whether the purpose element of the VICAR offense, 18 U.S.C. § 1959, requires the government to prove that the motive was a but-for cause of the violen… |
| 19-5489 | Azibo Aquart v. United States | Second Circuit | 2019-08-07 | Denied | IFP | criminal-intent criminal-law enterprise enterprise-protection intent position racketeering racketeering-statute second-circuit-interpretation statutory-construction vicar-statute violent-crimes violent-crimes-in-aid-of-racketeering | Whether a defendant acts for the purpose of maintaining or increasing his position in an enterprise under the Violent Crimes in Aid of Racketeering st… |