| 24-5768 |
James H. Roane v. United States |
Fourth Circuit |
2024-10-16 |
Denied |
IFP |
categorical-approach criminal-statute force-clause racketeering-enterprise VICAR-statute violent-force |
When a § 924(c) conviction is predicated on a VICAR offense, must a reviewing court apply the categorical approach to the state or federal statute und… |
| 22-6306 |
Marion Joseph Hare v. United States |
Eighth Circuit |
2022-12-14 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
affirmative-force borden-v-united-states causation-of-injury circuit-split criminal-statute force-clause sentencing-guideline sentencing-guidelines violent-force |
(1) Whether a statute that only requires causation-of-injury and not the affirmative application of force satisfies the violent-force requirement?
(2… |
| 21-5984 |
Zacharia Allen Clark v. United States |
Eighth Circuit |
2021-10-15 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
armed-career-criminal-act causation-of-injury circuit-split criminal-statute failure-to-act force-clause statutory-interpretation violent-force |
(1) Whether a statute that only requires causation-of-injury and not the affirmative application of force satisfies the violent force requirement of t… |
| 20-5347 |
Bakari McCant v. United States |
Eleventh Circuit |
2020-08-14 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
18-usc-924 attempt crime-of-violence criminal-law elements-clause federal-statute hobbs-act statutory-interpretation violent-force |
Whether an attempt to commit an offense that has as an element of the use of physical, violent force categorically qualifies itself as "a crime of vio… |
| 19-7326 |
Jimmy Lee Allred v. United States |
Fourth Circuit |
2020-01-16 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
18-usc-1513 18-usc-924 armed-career-criminal-act bodily-injury categorical-approach modified-categorical-approach taylor-v-united-states violent-felony violent-force witness-retaliation |
1. Clarification is needed to unite the Circuits in determining when to use the "Categorical Approach" defined in Taylor v. United States, 495 U.S. 57… |
| 19-7113 |
Raynard Gray v. United States |
Fifth Circuit |
2019-12-31 |
Denied |
Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (4)IFP |
18-usc-924(c)(3)(A) bank-robbery categorical-analysis crime-of-violence criminal-law elements-clause federal-criminal-law intent sentencing-enhancement statutory-interpretation violent-force |
Whether bank robbery, in violation of 18 U.S.C. 2113(a), qualifies as a "crime of violence" within the meaning of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(3)(A), the so cal… |
| 18-6870 |
James Frederick v. United States |
Eleventh Circuit |
2018-11-28 |
Denied |
Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP |
acca-elements-clause bodily-harm categorical-approach causation-of-harm circuit-split criminal-law curtis-johnson duenas-alvarez florida-battery-statute statutory-interpretation united-states-v-castleman violent-force |
In Curtis Johnson v. United States, 559 U.S. 133, 140 (2010), the Court defined the term "physical force" in the ACCA's elements clause to mean "viole… |
| 18-6798 |
Elvin Hill v. United States |
Second Circuit |
2018-11-23 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
18-usc-924c crime-of-violence criminal-law elements-clause federal-criminal-law hobbs-act-robbery intangible-property physical-force statutory-interpretation violent-force |
1. Under the elements clause of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(3)(A), an offense qualifies as a "crime of violence" -- required for conviction under § 924(c)(1), … |
| 18-6711 |
Ricardo Deleon Colon v. United States |
Eleventh Circuit |
2018-11-15 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
armed-career-criminal-act bodily-harm criminal-sentencing curtis-johnson eleventh-circuit johnson-standard predicate-offense united-states-v-castleman united-states-v-vail-bailon violent-force |
In Curtis Johnson v. United States, 559 U.S. 133, 140 (2010), the Court defined the term "physical force" in the elements clause of the Armed Career C… |
| 18-6461 |
Gerren K. Love v. United States |
Tenth Circuit |
2018-10-26 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
advisory-guidelines causation-element circuit-split crime-of-violence criminal-classification criminal-law force-definition sentencing sentencing-guidelines statutory-interpretation united-states-v-castleman violent-crime violent-force |
If a statute has a causation-of-harm element, does it also necessarily have an element of violent force for purposes of classifying the crime as a vio… |
| 18-6009 |
Emile Myrthil v. United States |
Eleventh Circuit |
2018-09-17 |
Denied |
IFP |
18-usc-16 18-usc-924 18-usc-924(c)(3)(B) attempt attempt-liability attempted-offense categorical-approach constitutional-vagueness crime-of-violence criminal-statute intent-element sentencing-enhancement sessions-v-dimaya vagueness vagueness-doctrine violent-force |
1. Is "crime of violence" in 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(3)(B) unconstitutionally vague, given the Court's holding in Sessions v. Dimaya, 138 S.Ct. 1204 (2018)… |
| 18-5965 |
Rayburn Scott Harmon v. United States |
Tenth Circuit |
2018-09-13 |
Denied |
IFP |
bodily-injury castleman-standard civil-rights criminal-law due-process felony-force-clause misdemeanor-force-clause statutory-interpretation supreme-court-precedent united-states-v-castleman violent-act violent-felonies violent-felony violent-force violent-physical-force |
Whether the mere causation of bodily injury necessarily includes the use of violent, physical force. |
| 18-5923 |
Brent Eugene Sanchez v. United States |
Tenth Circuit |
2018-09-11 |
Denied |
IFP |
bodily-injury castleman-standard civil-rights criminal-law due-process felony-force felony-force-clause misdemeanor-force misdemeanor-force-clause precedent standing statutory-interpretation supreme-court-precedent violent-act violent-force violent-physical-force |
Whether the mere causation of bodily injury necessarily includes the use of violent, physical force. |
| 18-5561 |
Jose Nieves-Galarza v. United States |
Third Circuit |
2018-08-13 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
armed-criminal-career-act johnson-v-united-states new-york-penal-law new-york-penal-law-160.15(1) new-york-robbery-statute physical-force sentencing-enhancement serious-physical-injury third-circuit violent-felony violent-force |
For a prior conviction to qualify as a predicate for an enhanced sentence under the Armed Criminal Career Act, it must be for an offense that is a "vi… |
| 18-5107 |
Willard Quinn v. United States |
Seventh Circuit |
2018-07-06 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
bodily-injury crime-of-violence criminal-law force-clause injury sentencing-guidelines statutory-interpretation statutory-requirement violent-force |
Whether the force clause of the Sentencing Guidelines' definition of "crime of violence" can be satisfied by a statutory requirement that a defendant'… |
| 18-5008 |
Autrey Canadate v. United States |
Eleventh Circuit |
2018-06-28 |
Denied |
Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP |
armed-career-criminal-act armed-robbery attempted-armed-robbery attempted-robbery certificate-of-appealability curtis-johnson-v-united-states due-process elements-clause florida-criminal-law use-of-force violent-felony violent-force |
Whether reasonable jurists could debate whether the Florida offense of
attempted armed robbery, Fla. Stat. § 812.13, categorically requires the use of… |