criminal-liability

69 cases — ← All topics

Case Title Lower Court Docketed Status Flags Tags Question Presented
25A865 Thomas Keller v. United States Ninth Circuit 2026-02-02 Application attorney-general-regulation congressional-delegation controlled-substances criminal-liability intelligible-principle nondelegation-doctrine Question not identified.
25-447 Mark Schena v. United States Ninth Circuit 2025-10-14 Pending Response RequestedResponse Waived compensation-scheme criminal-liability healthcare-referral kickback-statute medical-marketing statutory-interpretation Whether paying a healthcare marketer a commission when a physician independently makes a patient referral and receives none of the compensation qualif…
25-390 Full Play Group, S.A. v. United States, et al. Second Circuit 2025-10-02 GVR circuit-split commercial-bribery criminal-liability fiduciary-duty honest-services-fraud statutory-interpretation 1. Whether 18 U.S.C. § 1346, which defines "scheme or artifice to defraud" under the mail and wire statutes to include a scheme or artifice to "depriv…
25-387 Anita Louise Jackson v. United States Fourth Circuit 2025-10-02 Denied Response Waived criminal-liability device-adulteration food-drug-cosmetic-act medical-fraud patient-disclosure surgical-instruments In what world do physicians have to disclose to patients that their surgical procedure will be performed with previously used surgical instruments in …
25A42 Edward Mangano v. United States Second Circuit 2025-07-10 Presumed Complete agency-relationship criminal-liability fiduciary-duty honest-services-fraud official-act public-official Whether a public official can be criminally liable for honest services fraud when lacking a formal agency or fiduciary relationship with the governmen…
24-6965 Rocco Americo Malanga v. United States Third Circuit 2025-04-10 Denied Response WaivedIFP administrative-law agency-guidance criminal-liability due-process sentencing-enhancement statutory-interpretation Does the Due Process Clause bar criminal liability and sentencing enhancements based on post-conduct agency guidance lacking statutory authority?
24-6781 Saud A. Alessa v. United States Ninth Circuit 2025-03-17 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-tax-code criminal-liability due-process evidence-preclusion tax-law willfulness Whether the district court can preclude a defendant from presenting evidence about the complexity in the civil tax code to defend against the governme…
24-841 David W. Suetholz v. United States Sixth Circuit 2025-02-06 Denied Response Waived criminal-liability deliberate-ignorance mens-rea physician-prosecution prescribing-standards statutory-interpretation Whether a deliberate ignorance instruction in a physician prosecution under 21 U.S.C. § 841(a) impermissibly reduces the required mens rea by incorpor…
24-6364 Cedric Cromwell v. United States First Circuit 2025-01-22 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP criminal-liability extortion hobbs-act indian-tribes official-right sovereign-immunity Whether the Hobbs Act's prohibition against extortion 'under color of official right' unambiguously extends to leaders or officials of federally recog…
24-5557 Michael Avenatti v. United States Second Circuit 2024-09-17 Denied Response WaivedIFP circuit-split criminal-liability criminal-statute identity-theft statutory-interpretation supreme-court-precedent Whether the 'key role' standard adopted by the Second Circuit conflicts with the Supreme Court's 'crux' nexus test for criminal liability under the ag…
24-5388 John Joseph Douglas v. United States Eighth Circuit 2024-08-26 Denied Response WaivedIFP accomplice-liability armed-career-criminal-act criminal-liability criminal-procedure separate-offenses statutory-interpretation Whether a person can be held criminally liable under an accomplice liability statute for a separate offense under the Armed Career Criminal Act when t…
24-101 John E. Cassidy v. Massachusetts Massachusetts 2024-07-31 Denied Response Waived 2nd-amendment civil-rights constitutional-rights criminal-liability due-process firearm-licensing firearms home-possession interstate-travel licensing residence second-amendment What type of 'Arms' are protected by the Second Amendment when a state's multi-level firearm licensing scheme attaches criminal liability for in home …
23-7797 Nicholas Brodigan v. United States Ninth Circuit 2024-06-25 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-924c3a aiding-and-abetting categorical-analysis criminal-liability force-clause hobbs-act hobbs-act-robbery statutory-elements Whether Circuits have failed to apply categorical analysis to aiding and abetting and Hobbs Act robbery's distinct elements, which do not meet the req…
23-7459 Alan Troy Houser v. Stephen Buzas, Superintendent, State Correctional Institution at Greene, et al. Third Circuit 2024-05-13 Denied Response WaivedIFP 42-usc-1983 accomplice-liability civil-rights conspiracy constitutional-law criminal-liability criminal-procedure due-process failure-to-intervene standing Whether the district court erred in dismissing the petitioner's claims for conspiracy to violate civil rights and failure to intervene under 42 U.S.C.…
23-1064 Juan Luis Leonor v. Diana Sabatka-Rine, Assistant Director, Nebraska Department of Correctional Services Nebraska 2024-03-29 Denied Response Waived 14th-amendment criminal-liability due-process imprisonment judicial-legislation state-court subject-matter-jurisdiction sudden-quarrel-provocation Whether the Due Process Clause prohibits imprisonment under a sentence derived from an unconstitutional law
23-794 John Pacilio and Edward Bases v. United States Seventh Circuit 2024-01-24 Denied Response Waived 2nd-amendment 35-usc-101 brown-vs-board civil-rights commodities-trading criminal-liability dodd-frank due-process fraud-statutes free-speech prosecutorial-discretion spoofing Whether spoofing violates the federal fraud statutes where a trader places a genuine, valid, fully executable order
23-6133 Jacquelyn Reaves v. Monmouth University, et al. Third Circuit 2023-11-29 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-liability civil-procedure civil-rights criminal-liability criminal-procedure due-process equal-protection false-imprisonment hate-crime jurisdiction racial-discrimination Should respondents be criminally and civilly liable for hate-crime, false-imprisonment, racial-discrimination, persecution, emotional-distress, miscon…
22-7754 Maurice Hunt v. United States Ninth Circuit 2023-06-12 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-rights commerce-clause commercial-sex-acts congressional-authority constitutional-review criminal-liability due-process harmless-error sex-acts statutory-interpretation supervisory-authority supervisory-power Whether Congress Lacked Congressional Authority Under The Commerce Clause
22-1152 Najam Azmat v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2023-05-30 Denied Response WaivedRelisted (2) 28-usc-535 criminal-activity criminal-liability department-of-justice equal-justice immunity misprision-of-felony official-immunity prosecutorial-misconduct Does the Department of Justice have an obligation to charge prosecutors and Federal Agents for criminal activity during investigations or prosecutions…
22-7537 Jacqueline Anderson v. United States Ninth Circuit 2023-05-12 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-115 criminal-liability federal-activities federal-officials ninth-circuit-interpretation private-contractors protective-security-officer statutory-interpretation Are private contractors federal 'official[s]' for purposes of criminal liability under 18 U.S.C. § 115?
22-6634 Rafael Espino v. United States Second Circuit 2023-01-26 Denied Response WaivedIFP circuit-split criminal-liability deliberate-actions due-process global-tech-appliances knowledge-standard mens-rea subjective-belief willful-blindness Whether 'knowing' federal criminal liability based on 'willful blindness' requires a defendant to 'subjectively' believe there is a 'high probability'…
22-6554 Adrian Gordon v. United States Ninth Circuit 2023-01-18 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-1959 18-usc-924c conspiracy-theory crimes-of-violence criminal-liability gun-enhancement pinkerton-liability racketeering vicar-statute Are Instructions under Pinkerton v. United States appropriate for crimes of violence in aid of racketeering under 18 U.S.C. § 1959 (VICAR) when the pe…
22-6340 Ramon Simpson v. United States Eighth Circuit 2022-12-19 Denied Response WaivedIFP aiding-and-abetting criminal-liability custodial-interrogation death-penalty fifth-amendment jury-instructions kidnapping miranda-rights Does a conviction for aiding and abetting kidnapping resulting in death require proof of intent or advance knowledge of death?
22-6194 Jordan Huff v. United States Ninth Circuit 2022-12-01 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-924c aiding-and-abetting criminal-liability hobbs-act hobbs-act-robbery pinkerton-liability predicate-offense statutory-interpretation violent-physical-force Where 18 U.S.C. § 924(c) requires proof of active participation and prior knowledge for aiding and abetting, does Pinkerton liability have a role in s…
22-382 Yolanda Hamilton v. United States Fifth Circuit 2022-10-24 Denied Response Waived claims-extrapolation criminal-liability expert-testimony extrapolation lay-testimony medical-necessity medicare-fraud Whether a physician can be criminally liable for Medicare fraud when the Government fails to produce medical expert testimony and instead relies solel…
22-5076 Holli Womack v. United States Sixth Circuit 2022-07-12 GVR IFP constitutional-vagueness controlled-substance controlled-substances criminal-law criminal-liability due-process health-care health-care-professional professional-liability ruan-v-united-states statutory-interpretation vagueness Should Petition Womack's conviction be vacated?
21-1008 Andres Mencia v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2022-01-20 GVR Relisted (2) criminal-conduct criminal-intent criminal-liability due-process expert-testimony good-faith-defense medical-practice medical-standard-of-care mens-rea prosecutorial-discretion standard-of-care Is the civil definition of standard of care sufficient to create criminal liability against physicians?
21-6834 In Re Hosea Jackson 2022-01-13 Denied IFP acquittal aiding-and-abetting criminal-liability double-jeopardy fifth-amendment hobbs-act insufficient-evidence jeopardy judicial-precedent Whether judicial precedent concerning double jeopardy defines an acquittal to encompass any ruling that the prosecutions proof is insufficient to esta…
21-876 John G. Williams, Jr. v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2021-12-14 Denied Response Waived criminal-liability due-process general-verdict jury-instructions jury-verdict legal-sufficiency wire-fraud yates-rule Whether a general guilty verdict on charges of wire fraud must be set aside on Due Process grounds if the jury could have or might have found guilt ba…
21-6212 Anthony De La Torriente v. United States Ninth Circuit 2021-11-08 Denied IFP circuit-split consent criminal-liability intoxication physical-incapability physical-incapacity rule-of-lenity sexual-abuse sexual-abuse-statute statutory-interpretation Can evidence that a victim was intoxicated suffice to prove the 'physically incapable' element of sexual abuse, or does a conviction require evidence …
21-642 Jehu Hand v. United States First Circuit 2021-11-02 Denied Response Waived criminal-liability disclosure-requirements hype regulatory-interpretation resale-of-shares rule-10b-5 securities-exchange-act securities-law stock-fraud stock-price-crash total-mix-of-information Can criminal liability under Securities Exchange Act Rule 10b-5 lie when the 'total mix' of information includes a warning that the public disclosure …
21-6073 John Ray Falk, Jr. v. Texas Texas 2021-10-27 Denied IFP accomplice-liability capital-murder capital-punishment criminal-liability due-process guilty-plea law-of-parties notice plea-bargaining pro-se pro-se-defendant Whether a pro se defendant must be informed of the prosecution's theory of his own criminal liability when pleading guilty to a death-eligible homicid…
21-6054 Benjamin Koziol v. United States Ninth Circuit 2021-10-22 Denied Amici (1)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP circuit-split civil-criminal-interpretation criminal-liability extortion hobbs-act legal-precedent leocal-v-ashcroft ninth-circuit statutory-interpretation Should certiorari be granted to resolve the circuit split on criminalizing baseless threats to sue as Hobbs Act extortion?
21-5485 Yamilet Diaz v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2021-08-25 Denied Response WaivedIFP anti-kickback conspiracy criminal-liability due-process federal-health-care government-burden-of-proof intended-victim jury-instructions medicare-fraud Whether jury instructions control the validity of a conviction rather than case law
21-192 Gregory S. Simpson v. United States Armed Forces 2021-08-11 Denied Response Waived aiding-and-abetting contraband criminal-liability due-process guilty-plea mens-rea statutory-construction Is it a constitutional due process violation for Petitioner's guilty plea to distribution of indecent images to be accepted based on a theory that he …
21-81 Burt W. Newsome, et al. v. Clark A. Cooper, et al. Alabama 2021-07-21 Denied Amici (2)Response Waived appellate-review civil-claims civil-liability civil-rights criminal-liability criminal-procedure due-process newton-v-rumery release-dismissal Whether a release-dismissal order entered in a criminal case is enforceable under the standards set forth in Newton v. Rumery
20-1409 Graham B. Spanier v. Chad Libby, Director, Dauphin County Probation Services, et al. Third Circuit 2021-04-07 Denied Response Waived criminal-liability criminal-statute due-process ex-post-facto fourteenth-amendment jury-instruction retroactive-application retroactivity May a state prosecute a defendant for violating a statute enacted after the defendant's conduct, without violating the Ex Post Facto Clause, merely be…
20-1410 Xiulu Ruan v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2021-04-07 Judgment Issued Amici (8)Relisted (5) controlled-substances criminal-conviction criminal-liability good-faith-defense medical-ethics medical-prescribing prescription professional-practice statutory-interpretation Whether a physician alleged to have prescribed controlled substances outside the usual course of professional practice may be convicted under Section …
20-1283 Margaret Temponeras v. United States Sixth Circuit 2021-03-17 Denied Response Waived circuit-split controlled-substances-act criminal-liability medical-boards medical-practice pain-management pharmaceutical-companies prosecutorial-discretion vagueness vagueness-doctrine Whether 21 U.S.C. § 841 and 21 C.F.R. § 1306.04 are unconstitutionally vague whereas the term 'legitimate medical purpose' does not provide fair notic…
20-7318 Alex Warren Klinger v. Oklahoma Oklahoma 2021-03-03 Denied IFP appellate-review constitutional-law criminal-liability double-jeopardy due-process jackson-standard search-warrant self-defense treaties whether-state-disproved-self-defense-beyond-reasonable-doubt
20-6802 Noel Jones v. United States Fifth Circuit 2021-01-08 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP automatic-reversal constitutional-defect criminal-liability criminal-procedure drug-conspiracy drug-quantity due-process guilty-plea sentencing-enhancement structural-error If a criminal defendant pleading guilty to a drug conspiracy is required to admit to an enhancing drug quantity as part of his guilty plea but has bee…
20-6438 Hector D. Molina v. Robert W. Fox, Warden Ninth Circuit 2020-11-25 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-rights criminal-intent criminal-liability due-process fair-trial gang-conspiracy habeas-corpus natural-and-probable-consequences premeditated-murder Whether conviction for premeditated murder committed by others while the defendant was incarcerated based on the natural and probable consequences of …
20-6178 William Scott Davis, Jr. v. United States Fourth Circuit 2020-10-30 Denied Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP administrative-law civil-rights criminal-liability design-standard due-process evidence-tampering family-rights government-overreach privacy product-liability regulatory-interpretation statutory-authorization Whether the right to marry, have children, and raise a family free from unwarranted invasion of familial privacy and confidentiality is protected unde…
20-6122 Jerome Capelton v. United States First Circuit 2020-10-23 Denied Response WaivedIFP aiding-abetting aiding-and-abetting categorical-approach circuit-split criminal-law criminal-liability first-circuit joint-venture mens-rea realistic-probability sentencing Whether the First Circuit's application of the 'realistic probability' standard conflicts with other circuits
20-6050 James Anthony Martin v. Massachusetts Massachusetts 2020-10-16 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP criminal-liability direct-appeal due-process federal-law legal-interpretation massachusetts-supreme-judicial-court supreme-court-decisions supreme-judicial-court Whether the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court misinterpreted federal law in not applying a new rule narrowing criminal liability to cases on direct…
20-5894 Jorge Eduardo Nava v. United States Fifth Circuit 2020-10-02 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-liability criminal-sentencing due-process fifth-amendment preponderance-of-evidence relevant-conduct sentencing-guidelines standard-of-proof unrelated-offense Does the Fifth Amendment's Due Process Clause require a heightened standard of proof to dramatically increase a criminal defendant's prison sentence f…
20-5649 David Blaszczak v. United States Second Circuit 2020-09-10 GVR Amici (1)IFP conversion criminal-liability dirks-v-sec fraud fraud-statute government-property insider-trading regulatory-information statutory-interpretation title-15 title-18 Whether government regulatory information is property or a thing of value
20-5336 Matthew Jones v. Captain Alice Brumbley Delaware 2020-08-12 Dismissed Response WaivedIFP civil-liability civil-procedure civil-prosecution civil-rights constitutional-protection criminal-law criminal-liability due-process government-immunity immunity legal-accountability official-misconduct Do government employees enjoy immunity from committed crimes and civil prosecution?
19-8914 Bobby W. Ferguson v. United States Sixth Circuit 2020-07-08 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-rights criminal-law criminal-liability defendant-conduct due-process economic-loss extortion fear-definition hobbs-act statutory-construction statutory-interpretation victim-state-of-mind Hobbs Act extortion definition
19-8807 Cassandra Cean v. United States Second Circuit 2020-06-24 Denied Response WaivedRelisted (3)IFP circuit-split criminal-liability eighth-amendment intervening-cause mandatory-victims-restitution-act proximate-cause sixth-amendment Whether proximate causation under the MVRA must be analyzed by the use of the 'middle road approach' or the 'created circumstance approach'
19-1313 Donovan Dave Dixon v. United States Fourth Circuit 2020-05-22 Denied Response Waived controlled-substances controlled-substances-act criminal-liability drug-trafficking gonzalez-v-oregon medical-malpractice medical-practice mens-rea standard-of-care Whether juries must be instructed that the government must prove that a physician acted with the mens rea of intent as to issuing a prescription outsi…
19-7775 Rande Brian Isabella v. United States Tenth Circuit 2020-02-27 Denied Response WaivedIFP circuit-court-review circumstantial-evidence conflict-among-circuits criminal-liability criminal-procedure criminal-procedure-18-usc-2251a due-process evidence evidence-standard jackson-v-virginia judicial-procedure sexting statutory-interpretation substantial-step Whether the Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals erred in disregarding review of essential elements at 18 U.S.C.§2251(a) and relying solely on circumstantia…
19-7536 James Henry Simpson v. Martesha Bishop, et al. Fourth Circuit 2020-02-04 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-procedure criminal-liability criminal-procedure district-court due-process federal-jurisdiction federal-prosecution federal-rules immunity judicial-docketing prisoner-filing standing statutory-interpretation Should a U.S. District Court docket a Criminal Complaint as a civil action?
19-7206 Robert W. Johnson v. Law Offices of Jennifer S. Adams, et al. Second Circuit 2020-01-08 Denied IFP civil-rights constitutional-law criminal-fine-improvement-act criminal-liability criminal-procedure due-process insurance-fraud second-circuit sentencing standing statutory-interpretation white-collar-crime Whether the lower court erred in its ruling on the petitioner's claims
19-7040 Dalia A. Dippolito v. Florida Florida 2019-12-20 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-defense criminal-law criminal-liability criminal-procedure due-process entrapment factual-disputes jury-trial objective-entrapment state-law trial-by-jury trial-court-proceedings Where state law recognizes objective entrapment as a complete defense to criminal liability, and that defense turns on disputed issues of fact, does r…
19-6797 Hal Mark Kreitman v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2019-12-03 Denied Response WaivedIFP business-expenses business-services criminal-activity criminal-liability criminal-offense criminal-procedure employee-liability employee-services employment federal-jurisdiction legal-culpability money-laundering payment-structure Does an employee's facilitation of a criminal offense, by providing services to a business engaged in criminal activity, make the employee guilty not …
19-6490 Ali Al-Maqablh v. Kentucky Kentucky 2019-11-05 Denied Response WaivedIFP appellate-review capta capta-compliance child-abuse-reporting civil-immunity civil-rights criminal-liability due-process federal-funding immunity immunity-statute kentucky-law misdemeanor-prosecution Whether Kentucky's prosecution of individuals who report suspected child abuse violates the federal Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) i…
19-5910 Benjamin Carpenter v. Georgia Georgia 2019-09-11 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-rights complicity constitutional-issue criminal-liability criminal-procedure due-process error-analysis indictment jury-instructions standing supreme-court-review unchorged-crime Whether a theory of criminal liability based on complicity in an uncharged crime is constitutional
19-5631 Joe Fernandez v. United States Second Circuit 2019-08-19 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-924c aider-and-abettor aider-and-abettor-liability aiding-and-abetting criminal-liability criminal-procedure criminal-procedure-error-analysis harmless-error jury-instruction rosemond-standard rosemond-v-united-states statutory-interpretation sufficiency-of-evidence Whether the failure to give an instruction on aider and abetter liability for a violation of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c) that comported with this Court's decis…
18-9761 John Givens v. Illinois Illinois 2019-06-24 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP constitutional-rights criminal-liability cruel-and-unusual-punishment due-process felony-murder irrebuttable-presumption mental-state proximate-cause third-party-liability Whether Illinois' proximate cause theory of liability for felony murder violates the Due Process Clauses and the Cruel and Unusual Punishment Clause
18A1342 Javier Sanchez, Gregory Casorso and Michael Marr v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-06-19 Presumed Complete bid-rigging criminal-liability due-process jury-trial per-se-rule sherman-antitrust Whether the per se rule in criminal Sherman Antitrust Act prosecutions violates defendants' Fifth and Sixth Amendment due process and jury trial right…
18-1527 Rattan Nath v. New Jersey New Jersey 2019-06-11 Denied civil-rights criminal-liability due-process equal-protection ordinance-enforcement property-rights racial-discrimination revenue-generation selective-enforcement takings vague-ordinance Can New Jersey courts provide cover to racial discrimination by imposing strict criminal liability under a vague ordinance used for revenue generation…
18-9596 Marc Groah v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-06-10 Denied Response WaivedIFP campfire campfire-restrictions criminal-citation criminal-liability due-process fair-notice federal-property fire-regulations national-park-service notice park-regulations Whether Marc Groah had fair notice under the Due Process Clause that he could be held criminally liable for lighting or maintaining a campfire on Rode…
18-9425 Kevin Contreras v. United States Fifth Circuit 2019-05-24 GVR IFP 18-usc-924(a) aggravated-assault criminal-law criminal-liability due-process equal-protection generic-offense interstate-movement physical-force recklessness sentencing statutory-interpretation use-of-physical-force vagueness voisine-v-united-states Whether the Texas offense of aggravated assault is equivalent to the 'generic' form of that offense?
18-8672 Jack Holden v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-04-02 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-forfeiture criminal-liability due-process mail-fraud scheme-to-defraud separation-of-powers When Congress prescribed the mechanisms available wire-fraud When Congress defined the offenses of mail and wire fraud narrowly to punish only those who devise or intend to devise a scheme to defraud, do courts …
18-7264 Joel E. Miller v. United States Tenth Circuit 2019-01-07 Denied Response WaivedIFP controlled-substances controlled-substances-act criminal-liability drug-trafficking gonzales-v-oregon jury-instructions medical-malpractice medical-practice medical-practitioner prosecutorial-discretion standard-of-care united-states-v-moore Whether the phrase 'issued for a legitimate medical purpose by an individual practitioner acting in the usual course of his professional practice' mus…
18-6075 Daniel Clate Acker v. Texas Texas 2018-09-21 Denied IFP adversarial-testing capital-punishment criminal-justice-system-legitimacy criminal-liability death-penalty due-process fairness false-theory-of-liability miscarriage-of-justice post-conviction-review Whether due process requires a state post-conviction review process when a state has repudiated a false theory of criminal liability on which it based…
18-6004 Matthew Jones v. Superior Court of Connecticut, et al. Second Circuit 2018-09-17 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-procedure civil-prosecution civil-rights constitutional-rights criminal-law criminal-liability criminal-prosecution due-process government-employee government-immunity hiv-disclosure immunity statutory-interpretation yale-university Do government employees enjoy immunity from committed crimes and civil prosecution?
18-5079 Michelle Lyn Michaud v. California California 2018-07-03 Denied IFP aiding-and-abetting burden-of-proof constitutional-error criminal-liability criminal-procedure due-process factfinding-function fifth-amendment jury-instructions jury-trial jury-trial-guarantees reasonable-doubt sixth-amendment Whether the trial court's incorrect instruction on aiding and abetting liability violated the constitutional jury trial guarantees of the Fifth, Sixth…