reasonable-person

19 cases — ← All topics

Case Title Lower Court Docketed Status Flags Tags Question Presented
25A557 United States v. Donte J. Carter District of Columbia 2025-11-13 Application consensual-stop fourth-amendment police-encounter race-consideration reasonable-person seizure Whether the Fourth Amendment permits consideration of a suspect's race as a factor in determining whether a reasonable person would have felt seized d…
23-1238 Chinyere Ogbonna-McGruder v. Austin Peay State University, et al. Sixth Circuit 2024-05-24 Denied Response Waived civil-procedure civil-rights color-of-state-law employment-law hostile-work-environment motion-to-amend motion-to-dismiss notice-pleading reasonable-person retaliation retaliation-claim Whether Petitioner's claim for retaliation required her to prove she suffered severe or pervasive conduct by her supervisor rather than conduct which …
22-7623 Arquimedes Mendoza v. Jeff Macomber, Secretary, California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation Ninth Circuit 2023-05-23 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-right criminal-procedure due-process ineffective-assistance ineffective-assistance-of-counsel padilla-standard padilla-v-kentucky plea-bargaining reasonable-defendant reasonable-person Whether a defendant claiming ineffective assistance of counsel in the plea context must show that an objective 'reasonable person' or 'reasonable defe…
22-7007 Axel Domingo Diego v. Indiana Indiana 2023-03-14 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-rights custody-determination due-process jdb-v-north-carolina law-enforcement-interrogation miranda-custody-rule miranda-rights reasonable-officer reasonable-person reasonable-person-standard translated-interrogation translation-context When law enforcement officers use a translator during an interrogation, does Miranda's custody rule consider the unique circumstances presented by the…
22-6441 James D. Dayvault v. Kansas Kansas 2023-01-03 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-rights consensual-encounter custody detention due-process family-law fourth-amendment law-enforcement photography reasonable-person reasonable-person-standard seizure Did the Kansas Court of Appeals err when it affirmed the trial court's denying custody for the purposes of Ananda, and did the court err by applying t…
22-138 Billy Raymond Counterman v. Colorado Colorado 2022-08-11 Judgment Issued Amici (20)Relisted (5) first-amendment free-speech objective-standard reasonable-person speech-protection subjective-intent true-threats Whether the government must show subjective intent or objective 'reasonable person' standard to establish 'true threat' unprotected by First Amendment
21-7151 Quentin Jackson v. United States Ninth Circuit 2022-02-17 Denied Response WaivedIFP circuit-split criminal-law criminal-statute elements-clause mens-rea predicate-offense reasonable-person sentencing sentencing-enhancement statutory-interpretation threat-of-force What constitutes a threat of physical force under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(3)(A)
21-6223 Aaron Martin Mercado-Gracia v. United States Tenth Circuit 2021-11-09 Denied IFP 4th-amendment consent fourth-amendment police-questioning race racial-profiling reasonable-person reasonable-person-standard totality-of-circumstances traffic-stop Whether the person's race is a factor in determining if a person objectively believed he could refuse an officer's request to answer more questions af…
21-198 Anthony W. Knights v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2021-08-11 Denied Amici (2) constitutional-analysis eleventh-circuit fourth-amendment free-to-leave free-to-leave-test race race-consideration reasonable-person reasonable-person-standard seizure Whether a court analyzing if a Fourth Amendment seizure has occurred is categorically barred from considering a person's race
20-1040 Michael Aaron Strickland v. Oregon Oregon 2021-01-29 Denied Response Waived 2nd-amendment constitutional-rights due-process prior-experiences reasonable-person second-amendment self-defense state-of-mind Did the Oregon courts err in holding that there is no Constitutional right of self-defense except for when someone like the judge would have behaved t…
20-5395 Marcus Tyler Sheffield v. Bobby Lumpkin, Director, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Correctional Institutions Division Fifth Circuit 2020-08-24 Denied IFP 5th-amendment criminal-procedure custodial-interrogation due-process miranda-rights police-questioning reasonable-person reasonable-person-standard self-incrimination Whether the police detective's assurance to Sheffield that he is free to leave on the condition that he make a truthful statement would lead a reasona…
20-27 Jennifer Paskert v. Kemna-ASA Auto Plaza, Inc., dba Auto Smart of Spirit Lake, et al. Eighth Circuit 2020-07-20 Denied circuit-split civil-rights employment-discrimination hostile-work-environment reasonable-person reasonable-person-standard sexual-harassment title-vii Whether sexual harassment is unlawful under Title VII if a reasonable person would conclude the harassment created a hostile environment, or only if t…
19-7361 Edward Shevtsov v. United States Ninth Circuit 2020-01-22 Denied IFP actual-decisionmaker circuit-split civil-procedure decisionmaker-test federal-fraud federal-prosecution fraud fraud-statute materiality materiality-standard private-victim reasonable-person reasonable-person-standard Whether in a federal fraud prosecution involving a private victim, materiality turns on the misrepresentation's ability to influence the actual decisi…
19-6242 Imanol Pineda Penaloza v. United States Sixth Circuit 2019-10-10 Denied Response WaivedIFP burden-of-proof civil-rights employment-discrimination question-not-identified racial-discrimination reasonable-person title-vii Whether the lower court erred in its application of the 'reasonable person' standard in evaluating the plaintiff's claim of racial discrimination unde…
18-8650 Ollisha Nicole Easley v. United States Tenth Circuit 2019-04-01 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights consensual-search due-process fourth-amendment interrogation probable-cause race racial-profiling reasonable-person reasonable-person-standard search search-and-seizure When examining the totality of the objective circumstances, is a bus passenger's race a factor in understanding how a reasonable person in her positio…
18-949 Jamal Knox v. Pennsylvania Pennsylvania 2019-01-22 Denied Amici (8)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) criminal-threat first-amendment free-speech reasonable-person speech-protection subjective-intent terroristic-threats true-threat true-threats Whether a 'reasonable person' standard or a 'subjective intent' standard should apply to determine if a statement is a 'true threat' unprotected by th…
18-7256 Amin De Castro v. United States Third Circuit 2019-01-07 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement-interaction police-encounter police-seizure probable-cause reasonable-person reasonable-person-standard seizure terry-stop whether a reasonable person would feel free to refuse a police officer's polite request to take his hands out of his pockets
18-6122 Sheri Lee Pualani Kapahu v. United States Ninth Circuit 2018-09-28 Denied Response WaivedIFP boarding-a-plane consensual-encounter detention drug-possession federal-agent fourth-amendment law-enforcement-interaction reasonable-person reasonable-person-standard search-and-seizure Whether a reasonable person would feel free to ignore a federal agent's direct accusation of drug possession and go about her business of boarding a p…
18-5982 Todd F. Britton-Harr v. United States Fifth Circuit 2018-09-18 Denied Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP constitutional-rights criminal-procedure guilty-plea ineffective-assistance ineffective-assistance-of-counsel lee-v-united-states prejudice prejudice-standard reasonable-person sixth-amendment Does the Court's decision in Lee v. United States, 137 S.Ct. 1958 (2017) allow lower courts to require a showing that a 'reasonable person' would have…