traffic-stop

172 cases — ← All topics

Case Title Lower Court Docketed Status Flags Tags Question Presented
25-6550 George Madison Kitchen, IV v. United States Eighth Circuit 2026-01-12 Pending Response WaivedIFP evidence-rule-404b federal-appellate-review hearsay-exception reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-standard traffic-stop 1. WHETHER THE 8TH CIRCUIT ERRED FINDING THAT REASONABLE SUSPICION EXISTED JUSTIFYING THE STOP OF PETITIONER'S VEHICLE AND MISAPPLYING RODRIGUEZ ON WH…
25-6535 James Eric Larremore v. United States Fifth Circuit 2026-01-09 Pending IFP fourth-amendment law-enforcement-interaction probable-cause reasonable-person-standard seizure traffic-stop Whether the deputy's instruction to "hang on a sec," particularly in context, communicated to a reasonable person in Larremore's position that he was …
25-6524 Aderito Patrick Amado v. United States First Circuit 2026-01-08 Pending Response WaivedIFP collective-knowledge-doctrine criminal-procedure drug-trafficking evidence-suppression police-investigation traffic-stop 1. Following a months-long investigation into drug trafficking and while preparing to search an apartment within a large apartment complex, police obs…
25-738 Nick Kosmalski v. Sherrell King Sixth Circuit 2025-12-22 Denied Response Waived excessive-force fourth-amendment handcuffing qualified-immunity reasonableness-standard traffic-stop Whether the Sixth Circuit's three-factor tight handcuffing test, a brightline rule as stated and as applied in this case to deny qualified immunity, f…
25-629 Billy Puckett v. United States Eighth Circuit 2025-12-03 Pending Response RequestedResponse Waived constitutional-rights fourth-amendment investigatory-questions police-procedure reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop In Rodriguez v. United States, this Court held that a police officer may not extend a traffic stop, absent reasonable suspicion, to conduct a dog snif…
25-588 Donna Elizabeth Summers v. Montana Montana 2025-11-18 Pending Response RequestedResponse Waived constitutional-rights detention fourth-amendment police-questioning seizure traffic-stop Whether a driver who is lawfully stopped for a traffic infraction remains seized for Fourth Amendment purposes when the officer concludes the purpose …
25A447 Billy Puckett v. United States Eighth Circuit 2025-10-21 Application de-minimis-extension fourth-amendment investigatory-questioning rodriguez-standard seizure-duration traffic-stop Whether a de minimis extension of a traffic stop through unrelated investigatory questioning violates the Fourth Amendment's prohibition on unreasonab…
25A455 Andy H. Williams, Jr. v. City of Aurora, Illinois, et al. Seventh Circuit 2025-10-21 Application badges-and-incidents brady-violation due-process racial-discrimination thirteenth-amendment traffic-stop Whether the Thirteenth Amendment prohibits racially discriminatory traffic enforcement as a modern badge or incident of slavery
25A260 Donna Elizabeth Summers v. Montana Montana 2025-09-04 Presumed Complete consent fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure seizure traffic-stop Whether a traffic stop participant's consent to continued questioning after the stop's purpose has been completed is valid when the officer's prior co…
25A184 Ronald Smith v. Bexar County, Texas, et al. Fifth Circuit 2025-08-14 Presumed Complete fourth-amendment mental-health-detention probable-cause seizure traffic-stop warrantless-search Whether law enforcement may conduct a warrantless emergency mental health detention during a traffic stop based solely on subjective observations of '…
25-5002 Juan Carlos Garridoaguilar v. California California 2025-07-01 Denied IFP burden-of-proof criminal-procedure fourth-amendment search-and-seizure traffic-stop warrantless-search Whether the California Court of Appeal improperly shifted the burden of justifying a warrantless search from the State to the defendant
24-7465 Nikky Nicole Lujan v. United States Fifth Circuit 2025-06-18 Denied Response WaivedIFP fourth-amendment investigative-detention law-enforcement-questioning probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop Whether reasonable suspicion exists when an officer relies on a driver's allegedly suspicious answer to an itinerary question without further inquiry,…
24-7229 DeAndre Jackson v. United States Third Circuit 2025-05-16 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-procedure fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop Whether the Third Circuit's ruling that an officer's mere suspicion of a suspect's dangerousness absent any additional facts supports an arrest rather…
24-7219 Martin Devalois v. United States Seventh Circuit 2025-05-15 Denied Response WaivedIFP drug-dog fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-stop Does a law enforcement officer violate the Fourth Amendment when he unnecessarily prolongs a traffic stop to conduct a drug dog sniff after completing…
24-6998 Eric Ellis v. City of White Settlement, Texas, et al. Fifth Circuit 2025-04-15 Denied Response WaivedIFP fourth-amendment passenger-arrest probable-cause traffic-stop unreasonable-seizure warrantless-seizure Whether the warrantless seizure of a suspect's children without probable cause during a traffic stop violates the Fourth Amendment; Whether an arrest …
24-863 Wanda L. Edwards v. South Dakota South Dakota 2025-02-12 Denied fourth-amendment passenger-rights probable-cause search-warrant traffic-stop vehicle-search Whether officers must have probable cause to search purses held or worn by passengers during traffic stops
24-6499 Michael J. Baniel v. United States Fifth Circuit 2025-02-07 Denied Response WaivedIFP fourth-amendment narcotics-investigation probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop warrantless-search Whether Trooper Colton Derrick unreasonably extended a traffic stop by focusing on a narcotics investigation without reasonable suspicion or probable …
24A668 Juventino L. Plancarte v. United States Seventh Circuit 2025-01-08 Presumed Complete drug-sniffing-k9 fourth-amendment investigative-devices probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether the Fourth Amendment permits law enforcement to use a drug-sniffing K9 to detect possessions without probable cause during a traffic stop
24-6091 Pedro Pablo Fuentes v. Steven Harpe, Director, Oklahoma Department of Corrections Tenth Circuit 2024-12-09 Denied IFP certificate-of-appealability fourth-amendment habeas-corpus judicial-review reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop Whether the Tenth Circuit unreasonably determined the facts and violated the petitioner's Fourth Amendment rights during a traffic stop
24-6080 Victor Manuel Ramirez v. United States Ninth Circuit 2024-12-05 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-rights fourth-amendment police-inquiry reasonable-suspicion seizure-duration traffic-stop Whether the Ninth Circuit erred in creating a bright-line rule permitting police to lengthen a traffic stop by inquiring about a driver's parole or pr…
24-5501 Victor Manuel Campos-Ayala v. United States Fifth Circuit 2024-09-10 Denied IFP controlled-substances-act due-process fourth-amendment miranda-warnings traffic-stop witness-deportation Whether law enforcement agents must read Miranda warnings during an investigative traffic stop prior to formal arrest, whether possession with intent …
24-5505 David Brian Larche, Jr. v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2024-09-10 Denied Response WaivedIFP fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion terry-stop traffic-stop warrantless-detention Whether possession of cash alone constitutes reasonable suspicion to prolong a warrantless detention after a completed traffic stop
24-5396 Pedro Pablo Fuentes v. Steven Harpe Tenth Circuit 2024-08-27 Denied IFP collective-knowledge-doctrine detention fourth-amendment probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether law enforcement can detain a suspect and conduct a K-9 search after issuing a traffic citation without additional probable cause or consent
24-5226 Terry Dwayne Jones v. United States Fourth Circuit 2024-08-05 Denied Response WaivedIFP burden-of-proof fourth-amendment law-enforcement pacing probable-cause search-and-seizure speed-estimation traffic-stop warrantless-search Whether an officer's invocation of 'pacing' as a basis for a traffic stop, without any ability to show how he was trained to use such a technique or w…
24A34 David Brian Larche, Jr. v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2024-07-11 Presumed Complete fourth-amendment investigatory-detention reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop traffic-stop Whether law enforcement may extend a traffic stop and conduct a search based on mere speculation about criminal activity, contrary to the reasonable s…
23-7824 Kwuan Montrell Baker v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2024-06-28 Denied Response WaivedIFP fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-balancing law-enforcement pretextual-stop probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop whren-v-united-states Whether an admittedly pretextual traffic stop based on reasonable suspicion, rather than probable cause, violates the Fourth Amendment
23-7562 Ricky Escobedo v. Katherine R. Gutierrez, et al. Fifth Circuit 2024-05-28 Denied Relisted (3)IFP 4th-amendment 5th-amendment color-of-law constitutional-rights due-process fifth-amendment fourth-amendment law-enforcement search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether petitioner's motorvehicle traffic stop by a third-party (State - Local) under federal color of law was the result of a denial of his Fourth Am…
23A1023 Marques A. Johnson v. Chris Nocco, in His Official Capacity as Sheriff of Pasco County, Florida, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2024-05-17 Presumed Complete fourth-amendment identification law-enforcement passenger-rights qualified-immunity traffic-stop Whether the Fourth Amendment prohibits arresting a passenger in a vehicle for refusing to identify themselves when no reasonable suspicion of criminal…
23A975 Kwuan Montrell Baker v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2024-05-02 Presumed Complete criminal-procedure evidence-suppression fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether the Fourth Amendment permits the warrantless search of a vehicle during a traffic stop based on an officer's alleged reasonable suspicion of c…
23-7350 Raul Zamora-Quinonos v. Illinois Illinois 2024-04-30 Denied Response WaivedIFP coercion consent-search exigent-circumstances fourth-amendment involuntary-consent law-enforcement search-and-seizure traffic-stop unreasonable-search Whether law enforcement violated the petitioner's right to be free from unreasonable search and seizure under the Fourth Amendment
23A863 Janice Hughes Barnes, Individually and as Representative of the Estate of Ashtian Barnes, Deceased v. Roberto Felix, et al. Fifth Circuit 2024-03-26 Presumed Complete deadly-force fourth-amendment graham-standard reasonableness-test traffic-stop use-of-force Whether the Fifth Circuit's narrow standard for evaluating the reasonableness of an officer's use of deadly force under the Fourth Amendment impermiss…
23-6796 Yanier N. Tellez, aka Yanier Tellez-Crespo v. United States Sixth Circuit 2024-02-21 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment consent consent-search fourth-amendment probable-cause search-and-seizure seizure-of-evidence traffic-stop wallet-search warrantless-search Was the District Court's denial of Petitioner's Motion to Suppress a result of clear error in determining the facts relative to consent for search ver…
23-885 Mark Wayne Gaddy v. Oklahoma Oklahoma 2024-02-16 Denied anonymous-phone-call anonymous-tip community-caretaking fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether the decision of the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals is an unwarranted extension of the community caretaking function of Cady, and also in d…
23-6601 Quentin John Fishburne v. United States Fourth Circuit 2024-01-29 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment criminal-conviction due-process exclusionary-rule firearm-possession fourth-amendment motion-to-suppress probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-checkpoint traffic-stop Whether the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals erred in failing to reverse the trial court's order denying the Petitioner's Motion to Suppress the discov…
23-6448 Stephen Dudley Brunson v. United States Fifth Circuit 2024-01-10 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment arrest drug-interdiction fourth-amendment inevitable-discovery law-enforcement pretext probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether officers may cure an unlawfully prolonged traffic stop by arresting the motorist for the traffic violation or claiming inevitable discovery ba…
23-709 David R. Johnson v. Illinois Seventh Circuit 2024-01-02 Denied Response WaivedRelisted (2) §1983-claim civil-procedure civil-rights court-of-claims default-judgment due-process judicial-misconduct standing state-abuse-of-power traffic-stop Whether the alleged wrongful traffic stop arose in 2008 or 2009, and the subsequent default proceedings and abuse of power by state officials
23-6352 LaDerrius Williams v. Illinois Illinois 2023-12-26 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights criminal-arrest criminal-procedure due-process owner-driver-inference probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-ownership Whether Glover's owner-driver inference constitutes probable cause to arrest a vehicle's owner for a crime involving the vehicle, even if the police c…
23-499 Jesus Leonardo Esquivel-Carrizales v. United States Fifth Circuit 2023-11-13 Denied Response Waived 4th-amendment companion-suspicion criminal-activity drug-crime fourth-amendment investigative-stop law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop Whether an investigative stop under the Fourth Amendment is reasonable based solely on an individual's interaction with a suspected criminal companion
23-5982 Garnet Small v. United States Third Circuit 2023-11-09 Denied Response WaivedIFP equal-protection fourth-amendment law-enforcement pretextual-stop probable-cause racial-profiling reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop traffic-stops whren-v-united-states Whether this Court's decision in Whren v. United States, 517 U.S. 806 (1996), should be overruled
23-5952 Semaj Lemar Williams v. United States Sixth Circuit 2023-11-03 Denied Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP 4th-amendment detention evidence-suppression exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop Did the district court improperly deny suppression and did the appellate court improperly affirm the district court?
23-446 Junjie Li v. Rhode Island Rhode Island 2023-10-27 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) 4th-amendment civil-rights decriminalization drug-enforcement fourth-amendment marijuana-odor probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether the slight odor of marijuana creates reasonable suspicion to prolong a traffic stop
23-5862 Benancio Castaneda v. United States Fifth Circuit 2023-10-24 Denied Response WaivedIFP acceptance-of-responsibility canine-sniff drug-investigation fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-search Whether the Fifth Circuit erred in its rulings on the continued detention and canine search
23-5793 Phillip Serapio Baca v. United States Tenth Circuit 2023-10-16 Denied IFP 4th-amendment brendlin-precedent circuit-split civil-rights exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment passenger-rights search-and-seizure standing traffic-stop vehicle-detention Whether a passenger in a vehicle subject to a traffic stop may contest the legality of his detention
23-5743 Xzavione Taylor v. United States Ninth Circuit 2023-10-10 Denied IFP criminal-investigation exit-order fourth-amendment pennsylvania-v-mimms police-detention reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop vehicle-search Whether a police officer detours from the lawful mission of a traffic stop by ordering that the driver of a car exit the vehicle for the sole purpose …
23-272 Winterville Police Department, et al. v. Dijon Sharpe Fourth Circuit 2023-09-20 Denied Amici (1)Relisted (2) first-amendment fourth-amendment livestreaming reasonable-time-place-manner seizure traffic-stop Should the constitutionality of a law enforcement officer's restriction of livestreaming by an occupant of a seized vehicle during a lawfully initiate…
23-5481 Festus Okwudili Ohan v. Armando B. Fontoura, Sheriff, Essex County, New Jersey, et al. Ninth Circuit 2023-08-30 Denied Relisted (2)IFP civil-rights digital-privacy due-process excessive-force false-arrest fourth-amendment law-enforcement malicious-prosecution probable-cause retaliation traffic-stop warrantless-search Which legal issues were raised in the SCOTUS petition?
23-5302 Larry Rederick v. United States Eighth Circuit 2023-08-08 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-rights eighth-circuit fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-stop traffic-stops unreasonable-search Whether the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals Decision Authorizes Unreasonably Prolonged Traffic Stops and Unreasonable Searching of a Separate Vehicle …
23-5185 Yolanda Howard v. United States First Circuit 2023-07-25 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment investigative-detention law-enforcement-procedure probable-cause reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop Did the Maine State Trooper's hunch that 'there were a lot of drugs inthis car' based solely on his initial encounter with Ms. Howard justify delaying…
23-5112 Kashif M. Robertson v. Pennsylvania Pennsylvania 2023-07-17 Denied IFP fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-rights law-enforcement-procedure motor-vehicle-code probable-cause reasonable-suspicion seizure-duration traffic-stop unrelated-questioning Whether the State Court's of Pennsylvania Committed Reversible Error
23A31 Winterville Police Department, et al. v. Dijon Sharpe Fourth Circuit 2023-07-13 Presumed Complete constitutional-interpretation first-amendment fourth-amendment law-enforcement livestreaming traffic-stop Whether the constitutionality of a policy prohibiting livestreaming during a lawful traffic stop should be analyzed under the First Amendment or the F…
23-5022 Ruben Ramirez-Rivera v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2023-07-03 Denied Response WaivedIFP drug-sniff fourth-amendment fruit-of-poisonous-tree law-enforcement motion-to-suppress probable-cause traffic-stop Whether Mr. Ramirez-River's Fourth-Amendment-rights were violated when his motion-to-suppress was denied?
22-1151 City of Arlington, Texas v. De'On Crane, et al. Fifth Circuit 2023-05-30 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) arrest-warrant fourth-amendment municipal-liability qualified-immunity reasonable-officer-standard traffic-stop use-of-force whren-v-united-states Where a suspect with an outstanding felony arrest warrant refuses repeated commands to turn off his car and exit the vehicle, would a reasonable offic…
22-7514 Joshua Brown v. United States Eighth Circuit 2023-05-11 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment color-discrepancy fourth-amendment high-crime-area probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop vehicle-registration Whether an officer has reasonable suspicion to stop a vehicle based solely on a discrepancy between the vehicle's apparent color and the color listed …
22-7371 Ryan William Buchheim v. United States Eighth Circuit 2023-04-26 Denied Response WaivedIFP certificate-of-appealability eighth-circuit fourth-amendment habeas-corpus ineffective-assistance ineffective-assistance-of-counsel rodriguez-standard rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop Whether the district court abused its discretion in denying an evidentiary hearing on ineffective-assistance-of-counsel and unlawful-traffic-stop clai…
22-7253 Ilse Ivon Solis v. United States Fifth Circuit 2023-04-11 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-rights detention-duration fourth-amendment law-enforcement motion-to-suppress reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-v-united-states scope-of-justification traffic-stop Did the officer's inquiries unjustifiably prolong the traffic stop without reasonable suspicion?
22-830 Corey Forest v. Tennessee Tennessee 2023-03-02 Denied Response Waived 4th-amendment citizen-arrest citizen's-arrest civil-rights drug-dog law-enforcement pretextual-stop search-and-seizure seizure traffic-stop Whether a law enforcement officer acting as a private citizen has the authority to prolong a traffic stop
22-728 Daniel Cameron Wilkey, et al. v. William Eugene Klaver Sixth Circuit 2023-02-03 Denied Response Waived civil-rights clearly-established-law clearly-established-right fourth-amendment law-enforcement police-conduct qualified-immunity reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop Whether the Sixth Circuit defined the right at too high a level of generality
22-6484 Courtney Saunders v. Kyle Thies, et al. Eighth Circuit 2023-01-09 Denied Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP civil-rights discriminatory-intent discriminatory-policing driving-while-black equal-protection fourteenth-amendment law-enforcement racial-discrimination racial-profiling traffic-stop Whether an Equal Protection claim under the Fourteenth Amendment, based on an incident of discriminatory policing, requires a plaintiff to establish t…
22-6286 John Yang v. United States Seventh Circuit 2022-12-12 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights criminal-activity fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-seizure Whether the Fourth Amendment permits a police officer to seize a vehicle and its occupants based on limited information
22-6169 Shane Alan Nault v. United States Ninth Circuit 2022-11-29 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment fourth-amendment investigatory-stop rodriguez-standard rodriguez-v-united-states search-and-seizure seizure-scope terry-stop traffic-stop Whether seizing an individual seated in a parked car in a private parking lot should be analyzed in the context of a 'traffic stop' under Rodriguez, o…
22-5925 Christopher Santillanes Ceja v. United States Ninth Circuit 2022-10-27 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment criminal-investigation drug-trafficking fourth-amendment investigative-duration law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop Was the traffic stop of Mr. Ceja unreasonably prolonged?
22-5809 Sirron Moralez v. United States Sixth Circuit 2022-10-12 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-rights container fourth-amendment law-enforcement-conduct probable-cause search-and-seizure seizure totality-of-the-circumstances traffic-stop vehicle-search Does an empty container with 'THC' on the cover justify an extended detention in a traffic stop and support the seizure of the driver and search of th…
22-5821 Felipe Noriega, Jr. v. United States Eighth Circuit 2022-10-12 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-rights constitutional-law criminal-procedure due-process fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure seizure traffic-stop Whether the Fourth Amendment allows a police officer to extend a concluded traffic stop based on minimal, if any, suspicious factors
22-5741 Anthony Delano Hylton, Jr. v. United States Ninth Circuit 2022-10-03 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-history criminal-procedure detention-duration fourth-amendment law-enforcement-inquiry prolonged-detention rodriguez-precedent rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop Does This Court's Decision in Rodriguez v. United States permit any criminal history inquiry at any traffic stop no matter how long the inquiry takes?
22-5726 Veronica Gonzalez-Carmona v. United States Eighth Circuit 2022-09-30 Denied Response WaivedIFP credibility drug-interdiction fourth-amendment law-enforcement officer-testimony rodriguez-precedent rodriguez-v-united-states safety-valve-relief traffic-stop whether-officer's-interspersed-drug-interdiction-questions-extend-traffic-stop
22-5373 Berenice Del Angel v. United States Fifth Circuit 2022-08-17 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-limits fourth-amendment law-enforcement rodriguez scope-of-detention seizure traffic-stop warrantless-detention Whether the Fourth Amendment prohibits a police officer from continuing his warrantless detention of a motorist after the officer has announced that h…
22-5273 Bradley Beauchamp v. United States Fourth Circuit 2022-08-03 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment criminal-procedure due-process evidence-suppression exclusionary-rule illegal-traffic-stop reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure sentencing-enhancement suppression-of-evidence traffic-stop venue-violation Whether the District Court caused reversible error by not suppressing evidence obtained by an illegal traffic stop where the officer lacked articulabl…
22-5213 Clifford Lavern Stokes v. United States Ninth Circuit 2022-07-28 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment attenuation-doctrine civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment intervening-circumstance reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-standard search-and-seizure traffic-stop warrant-check Whether a warrant check of a passenger that extends a valid traffic stop is a per se 'fishing expedition' under the attenuation doctrine
22-13 Nicholas James Imhoff v. United States Ninth Circuit 2022-07-05 Denied Response Waived 4th-amendment fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion rental-car search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-search Whether a person driving a rental car is sufficient factual basis during a routine traffic stop to create reasonable suspicion to perform a vehicle se…
21-8037 Larry Blakney v. South Carolina Law Enforcement Division, et al. Fourth Circuit 2022-06-02 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-rights due-process electronic-privacy fourth-amendment privacy probable-cause search-and-seizure standing traffic-stop warrantless-search Whether the court erred in allowing the warrantless surveillance and search of the petitioner's cell, which violated his Fourth Amendment rights
21-7919 Raul Ambriz-Villa, Jr. v. United States Seventh Circuit 2022-05-19 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment police-questioning search-and-seizure traffic-stop Does the Fourth Amendment limit police questioning during a traffic stop?
21-7889 Zahkuan Bailey-Sweeting, aka Zahkuan Sweeting-Bailey v. Massachusetts Massachusetts 2022-05-17 Denied Response WaivedIFP 14th-amendment 4th-amendment fourth-amendment individualized-suspicion pat-frisk police-hunch police-stop reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop unreasonable-search Did the pat-frisk of Mr. Bailey-Sweeting violate his right to be free from unreasonable searches under the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendment?
21-7808 John Edward McIntyre v. United States Fifth Circuit 2022-05-09 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-interdiction criminal-procedure equal-protection fourth-amendment high-crime-neighborhood high-crime-neighborhoods law-enforcement probable-cause racial-profiling targeted-enforcement traffic-stop Whether the holding in Whren v. United States should be overruled in cases where a traffic stop is the result of a targeted criminal interdiction oper…
21-7724 Anthony Fields v. United States District of Columbia 2022-04-27 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment court-of-appeals evidence-suppression Faretta-v-California fourth-amendment Koon-v-United-States legal-error precedent-interpretation self-representation traffic-stop Whether the court of appeals' decision affirming the denial of Petitioner's request to exercise his right to self-representation while ignoring comple…
21-7585 Jayson McNeil v. United States Fourth Circuit 2022-04-11 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-rights due-process fifth-amendment fourth-amendment motion-to-suppress search-and-seizure traffic-stop Did the Trial Court err in denial of the Petitioner's Motion to Suppress evidence from a traffic stop and resulting search and seizure that was uncons…
21-7416 Trevor Dawson Ewers v. Virginia Virginia 2022-03-18 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-rights concerted-action constitutional-rights fourteenth-amendment fourth-amendment pretextual-stop reasonable-suspicion seizure traffic-stop Where officers work together in concerted action to 'produce' reasonable suspicion when there is none to affect a traffic stop with the sole purpose o…
21-7313 Domonick Deshay Wright v. United States Eighth Circuit 2022-03-08 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights due-process excessive-force fourth-amendment law-enforcement police-misconduct probable-cause qualified-immunity reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether the lower courts have sanctioned a dangerous expansion of qualified immunity that shields police officers from liability for violating clearly…
21-7279 Charlie Foster v. United States Eighth Circuit 2022-03-04 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-rights constitutional-law detention due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether a law enforcement officer may extend a traffic stop by asking for a driver's license and registration after confirming no traffic violation oc…
21-1165 Janhoi Cole v. United States Seventh Circuit 2022-02-23 Denied Response Waived civil-rights constitutional-rights criminal-procedure fourth-amendment investigation officer-conduct rodriguez-rule rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop unrelated-crimes Whether the extension of a traffic stop for an officer to ask detailed questions about the driver's travel plans violates the Fourth Amendment
21-7153 Arthur Miles v. United States First Circuit 2022-02-17 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-rights fourth-amendment inception-of-stop law-enforcement narrow-shoulder probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop weather-conditions Can facts observed or learned by a police officer after he decided to initiate a traffic stop, which traffic stop was delayed a short distance only ba…
21-1125 Matthew Schantz v. Benny Deloach Eleventh Circuit 2022-02-15 Denied Response Waived 4th-amendment civil-rights deadly-force fourth-amendment objective-reasonableness police-pursuit qualified-immunity summary-judgment traffic-stop use-of-force Does the Fourth Amendment allow police to use deadly force to prevent the escape of a joyriding motorcyclist?
21-6857 Reginald E. Blandford v. New York New York 2022-01-14 Denied IFP drug-sniff founded-suspicion fourth-amendment law-enforcement new-york reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop vehicle-search Whether the Fourth Amendment allows police to extend a traffic stop to conduct a drug sniff without reasonable suspicion of criminal activity
21-952 Lamont Lendell Bagley v. Virginia Virginia 2021-12-29 Denied detention fourth-amendment investigatory-detention protective-search protective-search-exception roadside-encounter terry-stop traffic-stop unoccupied-vehicle vehicle-search warrant-requirement Whether the protective search exception to the Fourth Amendment's warrant requirement extends to an unoccupied vehicle if the former occupant is detai…
21-6628 Frank McNabb v. Texas Texas 2021-12-15 Denied IFP 4th-amendment consent-search consent-to-search detention-extension fishing-expedition fourth-amendment official-coercion retroactive-forgiveness traffic-stop warrant-exception Whether consent to search retroactively forgives any and all violations by police prior to consent
21-6458 David A. Callison v. United States Eighth Circuit 2021-11-30 Denied Response WaivedIFP 8th-circuit civil-procedure due-process law-enforcement proof-of-insurance rodriguez-analysis traffic-stop trial-record Whether the 8th Circuit erred by refusing to perform a Rodriguez analysis
21-6251 Jason Wattie Buzzard and Paul William Martin v. United States Fourth Circuit 2021-11-12 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights criminal-investigation fourth-amendment police-questioning prolonged-detention reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop unlawful-detention Whether a police officer conducting a traffic stop unlawfully prolongs that stop, in violation of the Fourth Amendment, by asking the occupants of the…
21-6223 Aaron Martin Mercado-Gracia v. United States Tenth Circuit 2021-11-09 Denied IFP 4th-amendment consent fourth-amendment police-questioning race racial-profiling reasonable-person reasonable-person-standard totality-of-circumstances traffic-stop Whether the person's race is a factor in determining if a person objectively believed he could refuse an officer's request to answer more questions af…
21-6150 Jacques S. Gholston v. United States Seventh Circuit 2021-11-03 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP constitutional-rights fourth-amendment illinois-v-caballes police-investigation rodriguez-v-united-states time-extension traffic-stop unreasonable-seizure Whether a traffic stop unreasonably prolonged beyond the time needed to address the purpose of the stop violates the Fourth Amendment regardless of wh…
21-6158 Delilah Colarte v. Florida Florida 2021-11-02 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment constitutional-limits fourth-amendment passenger-identification rodriguez-limits rodriguez-v-united-states seizure-duration traffic-stop warrant-check Whether law enforcement can require passengers to identify themselves during a traffic stop
21-5768 Jeffrey William Forget v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2021-09-23 Denied Response WaivedIFP drug-interdiction fourth-amendment inventory-search k-9-unit passenger-seat-belt traffic-stop warrantless-search Whether the traffic stop was unlawfully extended
21-383 Wyoming v. William Thomas Mahaffy, V Wyoming 2021-09-09 Denied constitutional-law de-minimis-extension duration-of-stop fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-jurisprudence police-inquiry reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop unrelated-questioning Did the Rodriguez Court's rejection of de minimis extensions to traffic stops abrogate or limit Johnson, thereby prohibiting officers from posing any …
21-374 Steven Edward Struve v. Iowa Iowa 2021-09-08 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) cellphone-use civil-rights fourth-amendment investigatory-stop law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion texting-while-driving traffic-stop Whether police officers have reasonable suspicion under the Fourth Amendment to initiate a traffic stop for briefly holding a cellphone
21-5612 Geontay Patterson v. United States Sixth Circuit 2021-09-08 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment constitutional-rights controlled-substances prolonged-detention reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether the district court and appellate court improperly found justification for the search and seizure of Mr. Patterson
21-5518 John Perez v. United States Fifth Circuit 2021-08-30 Denied Response WaivedIFP atascosa-county base-offense-level criminal-procedure drug-distribution drug-quantity mass-marketing relevant-conduct sentencing-enhancement sentencing-guidelines traffic-stop Was it improper for the Court to find the base offense level was 34 because Mr. Perez should only have been held accountable for the 15 pounds of 'bot…
21-5433 Alex White v. California California 2021-08-20 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-rights fourth-amendment law-enforcement mistake-of-law pretext pretext-stop reasonable-mistake traffic-stop vehicle-code vehicle-equipment Where police officers admitted that their equipment violation stop of the vehicle in which petitioner was a passenger was a pretext to conduct gang in…
21-5287 Cherosco Brewer v. United States Sixth Circuit 2021-08-04 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-rights fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-v-united-states terry-v-ohio traffic-stop Whether a traffic stop that is otherwise lawful fails the duration test of Rodriguez v. United States and is unconstitutionally prolonged, even if the…
21-5027 Shane LaGrange v. United States Eighth Circuit 2021-07-07 Denied Response WaivedIFP circuit-court constitutional-rights exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-search-and-seizure law-enforcement police-conduct reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop Whether the Fourth Amendment permits reasonable suspicion for a traffic stop based on facts the officers did not believe created reasonable suspicion
20-8445 Christian Kalen Crawford v. Florida Florida 2021-06-29 Denied IFP 4th-amendment 5th-amendment blood-draw criminal-procedure detention due-process fourth-amendment probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether law enforcement officers may extend the detention of a driver involved in an accident resulting in the death of another person in order to wai…
20-8179 Chad Alan Soderman v. United States Eighth Circuit 2021-06-01 Denied Response WaivedIFP fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-violation investigative-detention police-investigation reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-standard rodriguez-v-united-states supervisory-power traffic-stop Whether the Fourth Amendment was violated under Rodriguez v. United States, 575 U.S. 348 (2015) where individual acts by police to investigate a crime…
20-8180 Benjamin Ross v. United States Sixth Circuit 2021-06-01 Denied Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP 4th-amendment 4th-amendment-violation fourth-amendment pretextual-stop probable-cause reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-precedent rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop Whether the Fourth Amendment requires reasonable, articulable suspicion and probable cause to justify a pretextual traffic stop?
20-8156 Ricardo Renteria v. United States Ninth Circuit 2021-05-27 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-procedure constitutional-rights fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion specific-facts statute-violation traffic-stop Whether reasonable suspicion to support a traffic stop under the Fourth Amendment requires a showing of specific facts that the suspect violated the r…
20-1607 Michigan v. Anthony Michael Owen Michigan 2021-05-19 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) circuit-split exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment heien-standard legal-uncertainty police-conduct reasonable-mistake-of-law speed-limit traffic-stop Should this Court resolve a split on whether Heien v. North Carolina applies to situations where the law is clear but the circumstances make applying …
20-7996 Roland Leroy Reese-Bey v. Juan Guerrero, et al. Ninth Circuit 2021-05-12 Denied Response WaivedIFP 14th-amendment 4th-amendment 5th-amendment civil-rights constitutional-rights due-process fourth-amendment jurisdiction right-to-travel summary-judgment traffic-stop Where jurisdiction was questioned and never established, in an arrest and prosecution resulting from an alleged and unwarranted traffic stop with viol…
20-1314 Joshua Gregory Richardson v. United States Fourth Circuit 2021-03-22 Denied Response Waived constitutional-rights effective-assistance-of-counsel evidence-suppression ineffective-assistance-of-counsel investigation legal-procedure paid-citation sixth-amendment traffic-stop unlawful-search Whether Counsel's decision not to suppress evidence unlawfully seized from a traffic stop because a traffic citation was paid, then relying on that pa…
20-7444 Toddrey Bruce v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2021-03-12 Denied Response WaivedIFP anonymous-911-call circuit-split fourth-amendment high-crime-area law-enforcement navarette-v-california probable-cause reasonable-suspicion second-amendment traffic-stop Whether the 'absence of additional suspicious conduct' can dispel reasonable suspicion of unlawful gun use
20-7436 Frederick Dale Knight v. Florida Florida 2021-03-11 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights constitutional-rights criminal-procedure due-process fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-expectation-privacy search-and-seizure traffic-stop Does a noncriminal traffic stop and subsequent observation through the window of a stopped vehicle revealing a cylindrical brown object give rise to p…
20-7416 James Lee Herman, Jr. v. United States Fourth Circuit 2021-03-10 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment driving-under-the-influence exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment inevitable-discovery inevitable-discovery-doctrine probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether police officers who violated a driver's Fourth Amendment rights had probable cause to arrest the driver for driving under the influence and wo…
20-7329 Justin L. Knight v. Nebraska Nebraska 2021-03-05 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-conviction criminal-procedure evidence-suppression fourteenth-amendment fourth-amendment investigative-stop reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether the police had reasonable suspicion for an investigative stop
20-7271 Ramon A. Boyce v. Ohio Ohio 2021-02-26 Denied IFP 4th-amendment illinois-v-caballes k9-deployment rodriguez-v-united-states search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether the rule in Illinois v. Caballes, 543 U.S. 405, 135 S.Ct. 834, 160 L.Ed. 2d 842 applies to the deployment of a K9 during a traffic stop
20-7102 Toheed Ahmed v. United States Tenth Circuit 2021-02-10 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment circuit-split dog-sniff high-crime-area motion-to-suppress racial-profiling tenth-circuit totality-of-circumstances traffic-stop Was the Tenth Circuit correct in affirming the denial of Mr. Ahmed's motion to suppress evidence
20-7003 Justin Anthony Kudla v. Minnesota Minnesota 2021-02-01 Denied IFP 4th-amendment criminal-activity criminal-procedure fourth-amendment law-enforcement police-intrusion reasonable-suspicion terry-stop terry-v-ohio traffic-stop Did the district court error by denying the suppression motion?
20-1027 Joshua Coleman v. Louisiana Louisiana 2021-01-28 Denied Response Waived dog-sniff fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop unreasonable-seizure unreasonable-seizures Does the Fourth Amendment protection against unreasonable seizures tolerate a dog sniff which prolongs a stop, which occurs after all purposes for the…
20-993 Jeremy Mickens v. Arkansas Arkansas 2021-01-26 Denied Response Waived 4th-amendment civil-rights criminal-procedure dog-sniff due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether a police officer may extend a traffic stop to conduct a dog sniff
20-6472 Raquel Cortez v. United States Tenth Circuit 2020-12-01 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment border-patrol civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether the same rule applies when an officer extends a traffic stop to allow border patrol agents to arrive without reasonable suspicion or other law…
20-6454 Mark David Zimmerman v. Texas Texas 2020-11-25 Denied IFP 4th-amendment constitutional-law constitutional-rights fourth-amendment fruit-of-the-poisonous-tree k-9-search probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether the lower court erred in denying Petitioner's motion to suppress evidence obtained during a traffic stop under the Fourth Amendment search-and…
20-564 Rodney Carlisle, Jr. v. Kentucky Kentucky 2020-10-30 Denied Amici (1)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) circuit-split criminal-history-check fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-requirements law-enforcement officer-safety probable-cause traffic-stop Whether the Fourth Amendment permits law enforcement to prolong every traffic stop by performing a criminal history check, or whether the Fourth Amend…
20-6172 Yulian Manuel Villavicencio, aka Cristian Rodriguez v. United States Fourth Circuit 2020-10-30 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment due-process fourth-amendment interdiction probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search traffic-stop vehicle-search Whether payment of $630 for a SUV rental in the defendant's home state of Florida to go to North Carolina for a visit, the inability to recall the spe…
20-6149 Jose Sanchez v. United States Eighth Circuit 2020-10-28 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-stop unreasonable-search Whether an unlawful search of a vehicle performed by law enforcement after an improperly conducted dog sniff constitutes an unreasonable extension of …
20-5991 Mayra Yurivia Reyes v. United States Fifth Circuit 2020-10-09 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment canine-sniff detention-extension drug-enforcement fourth-amendment law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether Reyes' 4th Amendment Rights were violated
20-5967 John Elisha Mayville v. United States Tenth Circuit 2020-10-08 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-history-check dog-sniff fourth-amendment officer-safety out-of-state-plates reasonable-suspicion tenth-circuit traffic-stop Whether an officer can conduct unrelated investigations during a traffic stop
20-5918 Leonard F. Locke, Jr. v. United States Eighth Circuit 2020-10-06 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights constitutional-rights defense-counsel due-process fourth-amendment ineffective-assistance-of-counsel police-misconduct probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-stop warrantless-search Question not identified
20-5829 Jerry Fruit v. United States Third Circuit 2020-09-29 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement officer-safety probable-cause rodriguez-precedent search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether police may delay a traffic stop, in the interest of officer safety, absent probable cause, in order to conduct a search?
20-5843 Courtney C. Brown v. Wisconsin Wisconsin 2020-09-29 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment constitutional-rights fourth-amendment police-authority reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-v-us search search-and-seizure totality-of-circumstances traffic-stop Should the Court reverse Pennsylvania v. Mimms?
20-5747 Ryan Nicholas Haynes v. United States Eighth Circuit 2020-09-17 Denied Relisted (4)IFP 4th-amendment civil-rights constitutional-rights criminal-procedure due-process law-enforcement passenger-rights passenger-search plain-error-review search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether a traffic stop of a bus for a minor traffic violation allows law enforcement to order all passengers off the bus to be searched?
20-5555 Franklin C. Edwards v. Illinois Illinois 2020-09-01 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights criminal-procedure fourth-amendment investigatory-stop kansas-v-glover law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop vehicle-search Whether the traffic stop was lawful where the police had no idea who the driver was but knew the registered owner of the vehicle was neither involved …
20-5390 Michael Betts v. United States Sixth Circuit 2020-08-18 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights constitutional-rights due-process fourth-amendment police-investigation police-powers reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop warrantless-search Whether a police officer inquiring about drugs without reasonable suspicion unconstitutionally broadens a traffic investigation
20-134 Abilio Hernandez, et al. v. Jason Boles, et al. Sixth Circuit 2020-08-07 Denied appellate-review civil-rights constitutional-law due-process fourth-amendment jury-deference jury-instructions standard-of-review traffic-stop warrant-check Should a federal appellate court grant deference to a jury's conclusions of law about constitutional issues in a civil rights lawsuit?
20-5187 Thomas Lee Brennan v. Josh Stein, Attorney General of North Carolina Fourth Circuit 2020-07-28 Denied Response WaivedIFP fourth-amendment ineffective-assistance ineffective-assistance-of-counsel motion-to-suppress post-conviction-relief procedural-default reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop Whether the trial court erred in denying the defendant's motion for appropriate relief based on ineffective assistance of counsel for failing to file …
19-8250 Michael Thomas Gaussiran v. United States Ninth Circuit 2020-04-13 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-rights fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop unreasonable-searches unreasonable-searches-and-seizures vehicle-search Whether the Fourth Amendment's Right To Be Free From Unreasonable Searches And Seizures Requires Reversal When There Is No Evidence To Support Reasona…
19-1200 Johndrell Elliott v. Ohio Ohio 2020-04-08 Denied 4th-amendment dog-handler dog-sniff drug-offense drug-sniffing-dog fourth-amendment probable-cause rodriguez-standard rodriguez-v-us search-and-seizure traffic-stop warrantless-search Was the drug offense arrest based on the facts of the traffic stop and use of the drug-sniffing dog valid under Rodriguez v. U.S.?
19-8212 Santiago Soto-Garcia v. United States Eighth Circuit 2020-04-08 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights constitutional-rights due-process law-enforcement probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-stop witness-testimony Did the 8th Circuit Court of Appeals err in concluding that the mere presence or possession of guns/weapons seen in plain view and registered to the l…
19-1161 Justin Hawkins v. Ohio Ohio 2020-03-23 Denied Response Waived 4th-amendment civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion stolen-vehicle traffic-stop vehicle-registration vehicle-search Whether a report that a car's color is different from the color listed on the car's registration—without any additional facts—gives a police officer r…
19-7716 Timmy Wallace v. United States Second Circuit 2020-02-20 Denied Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP 4th-amendment database-search fourth-amendment police-database reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-precedent rodriguez-v-united-states search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-identification Does Rodriguez v. United States, 135 S. Ct. 1609 (2015) permit a traffic stop to be extended based on a suspicion that had already been dispelled by p…
19-7667 Robert Tremaine Williams v. United States Fifth Circuit 2020-02-13 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment coercion detainment due-process fourth-amendment k-9-search law-enforcement search-and-seizure seizure traffic-stop video-evidence Whether the promise to be free to leave after clearance of driver's license, vehicle papers, and warrants with issuance of a warning traffic citation …
19-7507 Tommy Gurule v. United States Tenth Circuit 2020-01-30 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment consent consent-search detention fourth-amendment passenger-rights passengers search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-search If the driver of a car consents to its search, may officers frisk non-consenting passengers and detain them for the duration of the search?
19-7432 Edwin David Calligan v. Indiana Indiana 2020-01-27 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights fourth-amendment michigan-v-long officer-safety protective-sweep reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-search Whether officers can reasonably fear a suspect will retrieve a weapon after being told he is free to go
19-6885 Antonio Escobar v. United States Fifth Circuit 2019-12-09 Denied Response WaivedIFP alleyne-v-united-states criminal-law criminal-procedure drug-offenses drug-statute due-process flores-figueroa-v-united-states fourth-amendment mens-rea statutory-interpretation traffic-stop Whether the mens rea requirement in 21 U.S.C. § 841(a) applies to drug type and quantity
19-6587 Jose Joel Helguera-Del Rio v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-11-12 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-procedure evidence evidence-law fourth-amendment plain-view-doctrine probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-stop Does an officer's seizure of an object only after crouching down, carefully examining it for several seconds, and obtaining another officer's second o…
19-6414 Miguel Angel Vega-Torres v. United States Fifth Circuit 2019-10-28 Denied Response WaivedIFP circuit-conflict due-process eighth-circuit federal-law fifth-circuit fourth-amendment immigration-checkpoint rodriguez-standard rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop traffic-stops Do the standards for traffic stops articulated in Rodriguez v. United States, 135 S. Ct. 1609 (2015), apply to immigration checkpoint stops?
19-6332 Walter Glenn v. United States Fifth Circuit 2019-10-23 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment consent-to-search criminal-procedure fourth-amendment leadership-role obstruction-of-justice rental-vehicle search-and-seizure sentencing-guidelines standing standing-civil-procedure standing-doctrine traffic-stop Whether a relief driver of a rental vehicle had standing to challenge evidence seized from the car
19-6233 Alshaqah Tariq Powell v. United States Third Circuit 2019-10-09 Denied IFP 4th-amendment civil-procedure consent consent-search consent-to-search constitutional-rights criminal-procedure due-process expectation-of-privacy fourth-amendment involuntary-consent traffic-stop vague-consent-form vagueness Whether Petitioner had the Fourth Amendment rights as a United States Citizen to be advised of his rights to the 'expectation of privacy' during a det…
19-5953 Jose Juan Vallejo v. United States Fifth Circuit 2019-09-16 Denied Response WaivedIFP border-patrol constitutional-seizure eighth-circuit federal-law fifth-circuit immigration-checkpoint rodriguez-standard rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop traffic-stops Do the standards for traffic stops articulated in Rodriguez v. United States, 135 S. Ct. 1609 (2015), apply to immigration checkpoint stops?
19-5347 Joshua Frederick Davis v. United States Fourth Circuit 2019-07-26 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights dog-sniff due-process probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop traffic-stop Whether the Court should revisit Florida v. Harris to clarify what the dog's 'alert' means and whether the dog is trained to display an alert for any …
19-5306 Born Murray v. United States Sixth Circuit 2019-07-25 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-rights detention fourth-amendment investigation investigative-detention law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion seizure time-frame traffic-stop Where a police officer admittedly abandons the initial basis for a traffic stop to pursue a new investigation unsupported by reasonable suspicion, doe…
18-1577 Pennsylvania v. Edward Adams Pennsylvania 2019-06-25 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (3) 4th-amendment 4th-amendment-law civil-rights conflict-with-other-jurisdictions fourth-amendment investigative-detention law-enforcement-encounter pennsylvania-supreme-court probable-cause reasonable-suspicion seizure terry-stop traffic-stop Whether the Pennsylvania Supreme Court erred in finding that Adams was subjected to an unreasonable seizure in violation of the 4th Amendment
18-9631 Erickson Meko Campbell v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2019-06-11 Denied Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP 4th-amendment exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment good-faith-exception reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-v-united-states seizure-doctrine traffic-stop united-states-v-griffin Whether the exclusionary rule should apply when the only precedent the officer could rely on was not directly on point, explicitly rejected a bright-l…
18-1486 Zachariah J. Marshall v. Indiana Indiana 2019-05-29 Denied Response Waived 4th-amendment federal-precedent fourth-amendment law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion speeding traffic-stop vehicle-movement vehicle-speed warrantless-stop Whether the Fourth Amendment requires reasonable suspicion of speeding based on an officer's ability to provide actual or estimated vehicle speed or o…
18-1435 Matthew Wayne Minard, Individually and in His Official Capacity as a Taylor Police Officer v. Debra Lee Cruise-Gulyas Sixth Circuit 2019-05-15 Denied Response Waived civil-rights constitutional-rights discretion discretionary-action discretionary-enforcement due-process first-amendment fourteenth-amendment fourth-amendment free-speech law-enforcement qualified-immunity retaliation retaliatory-arrest traffic-stop Whether a police officer can immediately initiate a second traffic stop in response to a driver's offensive speech to change the original discretionar…
18-8754 Richard D. Pomeroy v. Municipality of Anchorage, Alaska Alaska 2019-04-10 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment blood-test breath-test civil-penalties civil-rights constitutional-rights due-process fourth-amendment-search-and-seizure minor-traffic-infraction probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-infraction traffic-stop Should civil penalties be imposed on petitioner for refusal to submit to a breath test when an intrusive blood test was administered
18-8411 Lecephrus Pierce v. United States Fourth Circuit 2019-03-14 Denied Response WaivedIFP conviction criminal-procedure fourth-amendment law-enforcement search-and-seizure supreme-court-precedent traffic-stop vehicle-search warrantless-search Whether the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals abandoned established Supreme Court precedent in affirming the petitioner's conviction despite finding no …
18-1188 Jeffrey A. Jacobi v. Wisconsin Wisconsin 2019-03-13 Denied Response Waived civil-procedure civil-rights criminal-procedure due-process evidence fourth-amendment intoxication intoxication-determination intoxication-inference law-enforcement law-enforcement-inference police-inference probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-accident traffic-stop vehicle-collision Whether it is reasonable for police to infer that a driver was intoxicated at the time of a collision based solely on the fact that the driver was fou…
18-8293 Rodolfo Rivero Garcia, Jr. v. United States Fifth Circuit 2019-03-05 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment border-patrol border-search drug-interdiction drug-trafficking fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion terry-stop traffic-stop vehicle-search vehicle-stop Whether the stop of Mr. Garcia's vehicle was supported by reasonable suspicion under the Fourth Amendment
18-8213 Hector Santillan v. United States Second Circuit 2019-03-04 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment fourth-amendment minority-communities police-interrogation police-investigation prolonged-detention reasonable-suspicion reid-v-georgia rodriguez-standard rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop Whether an officer may prolong a traffic stop to investigate other matters
18-8177 Julia Augusta Constan Macri v. Illinois Illinois 2019-02-28 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment circuit-split constitutional-rights criminal-procedure deviation fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-search-and-seizure illinois-v-caballes law-enforcement original-purpose reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop Whether under the Fourth Amendment the reasonable articulable suspicion necessary to extend a traffic stop must be formed before the officer's deviati…
18-8054 Michael Kenneth Young v. United States Fourth Circuit 2019-02-21 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment crack-cocaine-seizure criminal-procedure criminal-procedure-joinder fair-trial firearm-seizure fourth-amendment joinder motion-to-suppress probable-cause search-and-seizure severance traffic-stop Did the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals err in upholding the denial of Petitioner Michael Young's motion to sever his unrelated charges arising out of…
18-1006 Michael Kevin Adams v. Texas Texas 2019-02-01 Denied Response Waived 4th-amendment 5th-amendment 6th-amendment civil-rights community-caretaking criminal-procedure fourth-amendment impoundment interrogation law-enforcement minor-offense probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-impoundment vehicle-search Michael-Kevin-Adams
18-924 Michael Antonio Bullock v. North Carolina North Carolina 2019-01-16 Denied Response Waived 4th-amendment civil-rights constitutional-limits due-process fourth-amendment mission-scope police-conduct police-investigation reasonable-duration rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop Whether any activities unrelated to the mission of a traffic stop inherently prolong it, and what activities fall within the mission of a stop?
18-7124 Ruben Geovanni Hernandez v. Texas Texas 2018-12-19 Denied IFP 4th-amendment civil-rights criminal-procedure due-process fishing-expedition fourth-amendment law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion scope-of-detention search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-search Does the Fourth Amendment protect against a 'fishing expedition' to develop 'reasonable suspicion' to exceed the scope of an initial stop in order to …
18-6963 Muhammed Tariq Camran v. United States Ninth Circuit 2018-12-07 Denied Response WaivedIFP 11th-circuit 11th-circuit-split 4th-amendment 4th-circuit 4th-circuit-split circuit-split drug-corridor fourth-amendment law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion rental-vehicle search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-rental Should this court resolve the split between the Fourth and Eleventh Circuit about the probity of the fact that a vehicle is a rental in the reasonable…
18-6908 Livingston Manners v. Ronald Cannella, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2018-12-04 Denied IFP 42-U.S.C.-1983 Excessive-Force fleeing-and-eluding fourth-amendment Fourth-Amendment-Violation probable-cause qualified-immunity reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop Is there a violation of the fourth amendment where the arrest of a civilian stems from an illegal traffic stop
18-667 Lonnie Charles Williams, III v. Texas Texas 2018-11-21 Denied Response Waived driving-while-intoxicated drug-detection fourth-amendment intoxication-signs law-enforcement odor-of-alcohol probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether reasonable suspicion under the Fourth Amendment can exist in a driving while intoxicated context when officers do not detect the odor of alcoh…
18-6664 Daniel David Garza v. United States Fifth Circuit 2018-11-14 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment law-enforcement motion-to-suppress probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether the lower courts erred in denying Mr. Garza's Motion to Suppress based on the erroneous finding that the officer had reasonable suspicion to i…
18-6484 Markus Davis v. United States Fourth Circuit 2018-10-29 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-rights fourth-amendment pat-down police-procedure prior-incidents reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether factors based largely on prior incidents, some years old, can provide a police officer with the reasonable suspicion the Fourth Amendment requ…
18-6422 Larry Norton v. United States Seventh Circuit 2018-10-24 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-rights exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment mistake-of-law perjury police-misconduct pretext pretextual-stop search search-and-seizure traffic-stop Does a mistake of law by police in the stopping of a vehicle render the subsequent search violative of the Fourth Amendment?
18-6412 Jaiyanah Bey v. Elmwood Place Police Department, et al. Sixth Circuit 2018-10-23 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment 4th-amendment-search-and-seizure administrative-search civil-rights commercial-activity constitutional-rights due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause search-and-seizure standing traffic-stop Can a police randomly stop and force you off the road to randomly inspect your private property without probable cause to impose a program on people t…
18-6310 LeShawn Lawson v. United States Ninth Circuit 2018-10-12 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP 4th-amendment civil-rights drug-activity due-process fourth-amendment investigative-questioning pretextual-stop prolonged-detention reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-rule rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop Whether five minutes of drug-related investigative questioning of a driver at the beginning of an admittedly pretextual traffic stop violates the rule…
18-5824 James Eugene Larive, Jr. v. United States Eighth Circuit 2018-08-29 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-procedure discovery due-process entrapment evidence fair-trial fourth-amendment parallel-construction search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether the government's use of 'parallel construction' to conceal the true source of evidence violates the defendant's right to a fair trial
18-5585 Karen Mackey v. United States Fifth Circuit 2018-08-15 Denied Response WaivedIFP border-patrol due-process equal-protection fourth-amendment gender-discrimination traffic-stop unreasonable-search-and-seizure unreasonable-seizure vehicle-search Whether the Fifth Circuit erred in holding that a driver's gender may be a factor in the U.S. Border Patrol's decision to stop and search the person's…
18-145 Stepheno Jemain Alston v. South Carolina South Carolina 2018-07-31 Denied Response Waived 4th-amendment automobile-detention civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion seizure traffic-stop Does South Carolina's reasonable suspicion analysis, in the context of prolonged automobile detentions, violate due process when it fails to sufficien…
18-5292 Armando Angeles v. United States Tenth Circuit 2018-07-25 Denied Response WaivedIFP circuit-court-interpretation circuit-split criminal-procedure fourth-amendment lane-maintenance search-and-seizure state-court-interpretation state-federal-court-tension statutory-interpretation suppression-motion traffic-laws traffic-statute traffic-stop Whether the Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals erred in applying the Kansas Supreme Court's interpretation of a Kansas traffic statute governing the failu…
18-13 Juan Francisco Maldonado v. Texas Texas 2018-07-02 Denied Response Waived canine-sniff civil-procedure consent-to-search constitutional-rights fourteenth-amendment fourth-amendment law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether the court of appeals erred in applying the incorrect Fourth Amendment standard to Mr. Maldonado's traffic stop, where reasonable suspicion did…
18-5016 George Eli Brown, Jr. v. United States Eighth Circuit 2018-06-28 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment driver's-license due-process fourth-amendment inchoate-hunch law-enforcement motorist-rights police-investigation reasonable-suspicion sentencing traffic-stop Whether a police officer's belief that a motorist does not have a driver's license diminishes to an inchoate hunch or suspicion when another officer s…