| 25A903 |
Nima Moradi v. Florida |
Florida |
2026-02-09 |
Application |
|
deadly-force ineffective-assistance jury-instructions prejudice-prong self-defense strickland-standard |
Question not identified. |
| 25-859 |
Chelesy Eastep, as Surviving Spouse and Next of Kin of Landon Dwayne Eastep v. Steven Carrick, et al. |
Sixth Circuit |
2026-01-20 |
Pending |
Response Waived |
deadly-force excessive-force fourth-amendment graham-v-connor qualified-immunity reasonableness-standard |
Whether police officers' own creation of a dangerous situation prior to using deadly force factors into the Fourth Amendment's 'totality of the circum… |
| 25-660 |
Nicole Klum, Estate of Bobby Jo Klum, et al. v. City of Davenport, Iowa, et al. |
Eighth Circuit |
2025-12-08 |
Pending |
|
constitutional-rights deadly-force fourth-amendment police-action second-amendment use-of-force |
Whether the Second and Fourth Amendments to the United States Constitution forbid police from using deadly force against a suspect exclusively for hol… |
| 25-637 |
Mark Hanneman, Minneapolis Police Officer, et al. v. Karen Wells, as Co-Trustee for the Next of Kin of Amir Rahkare Locke, et al. |
Eighth Circuit |
2025-12-03 |
Denied |
Amici (2)Response Waived |
appellate-jurisdiction deadly-force fourth-amendment no-knock-warrant qualified-immunity use-of-force |
Whether an appellate court can dismiss a qualified immunity appeal for lack of jurisdiction when video evidence and factual allegations suggest the of… |
| 25-71 |
Matthew Farney, et al. v. Michael Rose, as Personal Representative for the Estate of Bradley Rose and on Behalf of all Statutory Beneficiaries of Bradley Rose, Deceased |
Ninth Circuit |
2025-07-21 |
Denied |
Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) |
deadly-force excessive-force fourth-amendment police-encounter qualified-immunity summary-judgment |
Did the Ninth Circuit err in defining the qualified immunity right at issue too broadly by holding this was an 'obvious' case? |
| 25A3 |
Milton Green v. Christopher Tanner, et al. |
Eighth Circuit |
2025-07-01 |
Presumed Complete |
|
deadly-force excessive-force fourth-amendment qualified-immunity reasonable-officer second-amendment |
Whether the Fourth Amendment permits an officer to use deadly force against an individual merely possessing a firearm without considering the totality… |
| 24-1214 |
Jared Cosper, in His Individual Capacity, et al. v. Perla Enriquez Baca, as Personal Representative of Amelia Baca, Deceased |
Tenth Circuit |
2025-05-29 |
Denied |
Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) |
deadly-force edged-weapon excessive-force qualified-immunity tenth-circuit use-of-force |
Whether the Tenth Circuit may establish a bright-line rule for an officer's use of deadly force against a suspect armed with an edged weapon, and whet… |
| 24-1051 |
Michael Nissen v. Javier Ambler, Sr., Individually and on Behalf of All Wrongful Death Beneficiaries of Javier Ambler, II, the Estate of Javier Ambler, II, and as Next Friend of J. R. A., minor child, et al. |
Fifth Circuit |
2025-04-04 |
Denied |
Amici (2)Response Waived |
deadly-force excessive-force fourth-amendment law-enforcement qualified-immunity use-of-force |
Whether a fact question on the 'deadliness' of force can impose a heightened deadly force standard that constrains the Fourth Amendment's objective te… |
| 24-1047 |
Ethel "Laverne" McVae, Individually and on Behalf of the Estate of Marcus McVae, Deceased, et al. v. Jesse Perez |
Fifth Circuit |
2025-04-03 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
deadly-force fourth-amendment law-enforcement qualified-immunity totality-of-circumstances use-of-force |
Whether it is clearly established under the Fourth Amendment that a law enforcement officer may not use deadly force against an unarmed, fleeing perso… |
| 24-886 |
Christopher Schurr v. Peter Lyoya, Personal Representative for the Estate of Patrick Lyoya, Deceased |
Sixth Circuit |
2025-02-18 |
Denied |
Amici (1)Response Waived |
deadly-force law-enforcement pleading-stage qualified-immunity summary-judgment video-evidence |
Whether Scott v. Harris permits courts to resolve qualified immunity at the pleading stage based on objective video evidence that demonstrates the imp… |
| 24-406 |
Matthew Hunady v. Donna Chisesi, Administratrix of the Estate of Jonathon Victor, Deceased |
Eleventh Circuit |
2024-10-11 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
circuit-court deadly-force interlocutory-review law-enforcement qualified-immunity standard-of-review |
Whether the Eleventh Circuit's decision improperly applied a reasonable jury standard instead of a reasonable officer standard in a qualified immunity… |
| 24-287 |
Jennifer Root Bannon, as the Special Personal Representative of the Estate of Juston Root v. David Godin, Boston Police Officer, et al. |
First Circuit |
2024-09-12 |
Denied |
Relisted (2) |
circuit-split credibility-assessment deadly-force evidence-weighing factual-determination summary-judgment |
Did the appeals court improperly create new summary judgment standards and establish a circuit split regarding the use of deadly force? |
| 24-266 |
Calisia Kelley and Johnnie Mae Kelley, Co-Administrators of the Estate of Bruce Kelley, Jr. v. Brian O'Malley and Dominic Rivotti, in Their Individual Capacities as Police Officers for the Allegheny County Port Authority |
Third Circuit |
2024-09-09 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
deadly-force factual-context graham-connor qualified-immunity tolan-cotton use-of-force |
Whether the Third Circuit improperly defined the factual context and eliminated the significant threat requirement in a deadly force case involving po… |
| 24A166 |
Tidera Harris v. Gregory Harvey |
Eleventh Circuit |
2024-08-12 |
Presumed Complete |
|
deadly-force excessive-force fourth-amendment law-enforcement qualified-immunity use-of-force |
Whether a law enforcement officer can assert qualified immunity when using deadly force against an unarmed suspect who does not pose an immediate thre… |
| 24-5036 |
Dalvon Curry, aka Dale, aka Dalo v. United States |
Second Circuit |
2024-07-10 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
civil-rights combat-speech constitutional-protections deadly-force deadly-physical-force excessive-force law-enforcement penal-law retreat-duty self-defense use-of-force |
Question not identified |
| 23-1257 |
Santos Argueta, et al. v. Derrick S. Jaradi |
Fifth Circuit |
2024-05-31 |
Denied |
Amici (5)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) |
4th-amendment circuit-split civil-rights deadly-force factual-question qualified-immunity tennessee-v-garner use-of-force |
Whether the Fourth Amendment permits police to shoot a fleeing suspect who might be holding a gun but exhibits no other signs of dangerousness |
| 23A863 |
Janice Hughes Barnes, Individually and as Representative of the Estate of Ashtian Barnes, Deceased v. Roberto Felix, et al. |
Fifth Circuit |
2024-03-26 |
Presumed Complete |
|
deadly-force fourth-amendment graham-standard reasonableness-test traffic-stop use-of-force |
Whether the Fifth Circuit's narrow standard for evaluating the reasonableness of an officer's use of deadly force under the Fourth Amendment impermiss… |
| 23-644 |
City of Charlotte, North Carolina, et al. v. Azucena Zamorano Aleman, Individually and as Administrator of the Estate of Rubin Galindo Chavez |
Fourth Circuit |
2023-12-14 |
Denied |
Amici (1) |
42-usc-1983 civil-rights constitutional-rights deadly-force fourth-amendment law-enforcement precedent qualified-immunity use-of-force |
Whether the Fourth Circuit erred in the process it used to find a 'clearly established' Fourth Amendment right |
| 23-410 |
Estate of Gabriel Strickland, et al. v. Nevada County, California, et al. |
Ninth Circuit |
2023-10-19 |
Denied |
|
42-usc-1983 civil-rights deadly-force graham-factors graham-v-connor objective-reasonableness section-1983 totality-of-circumstances totality-of-the-circumstances use-of-force |
Whether the reasonableness of an officer's use of deadly force should be evaluated solely upon the circumstances of the final moment or upon the 'tota… |
| 23-5230 |
Steven Poppo v. Illinois |
Illinois |
2023-07-28 |
Denied |
IFP |
assistance-of-counsel attempted-robbery constitutional-rights criminal-intent deadly-force due-process equal-protection fair-trial homicide self-defense use-of-force |
Whether the petitioner's constitutional rights to a fair trial, due process, and assistance of counsel were violated |
| 22-1157 |
Craig Roper v. De'On Crane, et al. |
Fifth Circuit |
2023-05-30 |
Denied |
Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) |
4th-amendment civil-rights deadly-force excessive-force objective-reasonableness officer-safety police-conduct police-intervention qualified-immunity use-of-force vehicle-stop |
Whether an objective police officer could have believed it reasonable to shoot a person who had warrants for his arrest, had locked the doors and rais… |
| 22-793 |
Paul Donald Davis, et al. v. Paul Waller, et al. |
Eleventh Circuit |
2023-02-22 |
Denied |
|
circuit-split civil-rights deadly-force due-process hostage law-enforcement non-suspect-seizure qualified-immunity seizure use-of-force |
Whether the Eleventh Circuit misapplied the test for the constitutional use of deadly force set forth by this Court in Tennessee v. Garner |
| 22-563 |
Randall Greer, Individually and as Personal Representative of the Estate of Christopher Greer, Deceased v. James Haman, et al. |
Eleventh Circuit |
2022-12-20 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
deadly-force fourth-amendment graham-v-connor jury-instruction law-enforcement probable-cause self-defense tennessee-v-garner use-of-force |
Whether a jury should be instructed on the core principle that a law enforcement officer's use of deadly force in self-defense is not constitutionally… |
| 22-223 |
County of Riverside, California, et al. v. Estate of Clemente Najera-Aguirre, et al. |
Ninth Circuit |
2022-09-12 |
Denied |
Amici (1) |
9th-circuit clearly-established-law constitutional-rights deadly-force excessive-force law-enforcement ninth-circuit particularized-consideration qualified-immunity use-of-force |
Did the Ninth Circuit's panel decision denying qualified immunity contravene this Court's mandate that courts should not hold officers to a standard o… |
| 22-8 |
Anthony Momphard, Jr., Individually and in His Official Capacity as a Deputy Sheriff of the Macon County Sheriff's Department, et al. v. Melissa B. Knibbs, as Personal Representative of the Estate of Michael Scott Knibbs |
Fourth Circuit |
2022-07-01 |
Denied |
Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) |
4th-amendment civil-rights constitutional-rights deadly-force due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement police-use-of-force qualified-immunity use-of-force |
Whether the Fourth Circuit erred in finding that a reasonable officer in Deputy Momphard's position would not have perceived a danger that justified l… |
| 21-1559 |
Sharon Powell, as Executrix of the Estate of William David Powell, et al. v. Jennifer Snook, as Executrix for the Estate of Patrick Snook |
Eleventh Circuit |
2022-06-14 |
Denied |
|
civil-rights constitutional-rights deadly-force due-process fair-notice fourth-amendment qualified-immunity totality-of-the-circumstances use-of-force |
When the unconstitutionality of an officer's conduct is obvious, must the court, in addressing the 'clearly established law' prong of a qualified immu… |
| 21-1422 |
Brett Ferris v. Chrystal Scism, Individually and as Administratrix of the Estate of Joshua Scism |
Second Circuit |
2022-05-05 |
Denied |
Amici (2) |
2nd-amendment civil-rights deadly-force due-process fourth-amendment lethal-force police-procedure qualified-immunity self-defense standing use-of-force |
Does the doctrine of qualified immunity shield a police officer from suit |
| 21-1125 |
Matthew Schantz v. Benny Deloach |
Eleventh Circuit |
2022-02-15 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
4th-amendment civil-rights deadly-force fourth-amendment objective-reasonableness police-pursuit qualified-immunity summary-judgment traffic-stop use-of-force |
Does the Fourth Amendment allow police to use deadly force to prevent the escape of a joyriding motorcyclist? |
| 21-6586 |
Mark James Martinez v. California |
California |
2021-12-13 |
Denied |
IFP |
california-law civil-rights common-law constitutional-right deadly-force due-process fundamental-right governmental-interest heightened-scrutiny imminent-harm self-defense |
Whether California's rule that self-defense is not available when a person does not act out of fear alone impermissibly infringes on the right to self… |
| 21-789 |
Casey Benton v. Mary Bradley, as Administrator of the Estate of Troy Robinson, et al. |
Eleventh Circuit |
2021-11-29 |
Denied |
|
clearly-established-law constitutional-rights deadly-force excessive-force fourth-amendment law-enforcement qualified-immunity taser-deployment tennessee-v-garner |
Whether a police officer is entitled to qualified immunity for deploying a taser to stop a fleeing person on top of an eight-foot wall |
| 20-1668 |
City of Tahlequah, Oklahoma, et al. v. Austin P. Bond, as Special Administrator of the Estate of Dominic F. Rollice, Deceased |
Tenth Circuit |
2021-06-01 |
Judgment Issued |
Amici (6)Relisted (4) |
deadly-force fourth-amendment intoxicated-individual officer-safety police-conduct qualified-immunity seizure use-of-force |
Whether use-of-force that is reasonable can nonetheless violate the Fourth-Amendment |
| 20-1362 |
Davdrin Goffin v. Robbie K. Ashcraft, et al. |
Eighth Circuit |
2021-03-30 |
Denied |
Amici (1)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) |
civil-rights deadly-force excessive-force fourth-amendment police-shooting probable-cause qualified-immunity search-and-seizure tennessee-v-garner use-of-force |
Is an officer entitled to qualified immunity for shooting an unarmed fleeing suspect? |
| 20-997 |
Arlane James, et al. v. Noah Bartelt |
Third Circuit |
2021-01-26 |
Denied |
Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (5) |
civil-procedure civil-rights deadly-force johnson-v-jones law-enforcement officer-involved-shooting qualified-immunity self-defense summary-judgment third-circuit use-of-force |
Whether the Third Circuit's decision to exercise jurisdiction over an appeal of the District Court's denial of qualified immunity on a motion for summ… |
| 20-840 |
Kenneth Knowles v. Officer Jason Michael Hart |
Eleventh Circuit |
2020-12-22 |
Denied |
|
2nd-amendment 4th-amendment civil-rights deadly-force due-process fourth-amendment police-entry second-amendment self-defense standing use-of-force |
Does the Fourth Amendment authorize the use of deadly force against a citizen exercising her Second Amendment right to wear a holstered, licensed hand… |
| 20-6573 |
Ellis Keyes v. Matt Wilson, et al. |
Eleventh Circuit |
2020-12-09 |
Denied |
IFP |
11th-circuit civil-rights deadly-force due-process judicial-intervention municipal-liability order-to-show-cause police-restraint police-use-of-force qualified-immunity standing |
Whether the 11th Circuit erred in denying the motion for order to show cause why defendant police should not be restrained from using deadly force |
| 20-585 |
Greg Vasquez, et al. v. Maritza Amador, Individually and as Representative of the Estate of Gilbert Flores and as Next Friend of Minor R. M. F., et al. |
Fifth Circuit |
2020-11-03 |
Denied |
Amici (1)Response RequestedRelisted (2) |
civil-rights deadly-force fourth-amendment law-enforcement police-intervention police-use-of-force qualified-immunity reasonableness-standard suicide-by-cop use-of-force |
Reasonableness-of-force-under-4th-Amendment |
| 20-578 |
Sergeant Gary Hedger, et al. v. Ronald Graves |
Sixth Circuit |
2020-11-02 |
Denied |
Response RequestedRelisted (7) |
deadly-force fourth-amendment homicidal-suspect law-enforcement perceived-threat qualified-immunity taser-deployment use-of-force violent-suspect |
Did the Sixth Circuit misapply or disregard this Court's precedent by holding that a law enforcement officer violates the Fourth Amendment and clearly… |
| 20-498 |
Sonia Garcia, et vir v. Wesley Blevins, et al. |
Fifth Circuit |
2020-10-16 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
4th-amendment civil-rights clearly-established-law constitutional-rights deadly-force fourth-amendment qualified-immunity stare-decisis unpublished-decisions unpublished-opinions |
Whether a person holding a gun has a Fourth Amendment right to be free from deadly force |
| 19-1067 |
Neal N. Browder, et al. v. S. R. Nehad, et al. |
Ninth Circuit |
2020-02-28 |
Denied |
Amici (1)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) |
civil-rights deadly-force due-process emergency-response fourth-amendment law-enforcement police-conduct police-shooting qualified-immunity use-of-force |
Did the Ninth Circuit err in denying qualified immunity to a police officer who responded to a midnight emergency call about a suspect threatening oth… |
| 19-753 |
Michael Hunter, et al. v. Randy Cole, et al. |
Fifth Circuit |
2019-12-12 |
Denied |
Amici (1)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (7) |
civil-rights clearly-established-law deadly-force deadly-weapon due-process dynamic-encounter excessive-force fourteenth-amendment fourth-amendment police-use-of-force qualified-immunity shooting-encounter use-of-force |
Whether police officers can use deadly force when a person armed with a firearm moves the weapon toward the officer, even if the officer has not shout… |
| 19-6621 |
Jaquan Walters v. United States |
Second Circuit |
2019-11-13 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
9th-circuit criminal-law deadly-force due-process federal-common-law imperfect-self-defense manslaughter murder murder-mitigation self-defense unreasonable-belief voluntary-manslaughter |
Does 'imperfect self-defense' exist as a partial defense to murder at federal common law? |
| 19-222 |
Paul Anthony Valderas v. City of Lubbock, Texas, et al. |
Fifth Circuit |
2019-08-20 |
Denied |
|
4th-amendment civil-rights constitutional-rights deadly-force due-process excessive-force fourth-amendment law-enforcement police-conduct police-use-of-force qualified-immunity reasonable-force reasonable-inference use-of-force |
Whether an officer on the scene constrained by what he observes to use any force creates a reasonable inference that deadly force is excessive? |
| 18-1128 |
Curtis Minchuk v. Craig Strand |
Seventh Circuit |
2019-02-28 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
circuit-split deadly-force deadly-force-justification excessive-force fourth-amendment police-use-of-force qualified-immunity self-defense totality-of-the-circumstances use-of-force |
Whether evidence of a dangerous and violent suspect's sudden and unexpected gesture of surrender immediately and objectively terminates the deadly thr… |
| 18-825 |
Peggy Shumpert, Individually and as Administrator of the Estate of Antwun Shumpert, Sr., et al. v. City of Tupelo, Mississippi, et al. |
Fifth Circuit |
2019-01-02 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
canine-force civil-procedure civil-rights constitutional-rights deadly-force due-process federal-appeals-conflict police-misconduct qualified-immunity state-created-danger use-of-force whether-the-court-of-appeals-erred-in-concluding-t whether-the-court-of-appeals-erred-in-finding-that |
Whether the state-created danger doctrine is clearly established law |