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Case Title Lower Court Docketed Status Flags Tags Question Presented
25A570 Hien Thi Nguyen v. John Phelan, Secretary of the Navy Ninth Circuit 2025-11-14 Application agency-action employment-discrimination pretext protected-activity retaliation title-vii Whether a federal agency's adverse employment action constitutes unlawful retaliation under Title VII when an employee has engaged in protected EEO ac…
24-1237 Hans Goerz v. Troy E. Meink, Secretary of the Air Force Fifth Circuit 2025-06-04 Denied Response Waived civil-rights-act discovery pretext retaliation summary-judgment title-vii Whether the District Judge may dismiss the complaint on summary judgment without requiring answer from the respondent, without authorizing discovery, …
24-7284 Charles L. Burgett v. Scott Bessent, Secretary of the Treasury Eighth Circuit 2025-05-27 Denied Response WaivedIFP employment-discrimination pretext prima-facie-case standard-of-review summary-judgment title-vii Whether the lower courts applied the correct summary judgment standard of review for prima facie and for pretext in assessing a case of employment dis…
24-546 Karin Weng v. Julie A. Su, Acting Secretary of Labor District of Columbia 2024-11-15 Denied Response Waived comparator-evidence disciplinary-charges due-process employment-discrimination pretext summary-judgment Whether a plaintiff must demonstrate comparators are 'nearly identical' or merely 'similarly situated' in employment discrimination summary judgment p…
23-1347 Fang Zeng v. Mingan Chen, et al. Ninth Circuit 2024-06-26 Denied burden-shifting civil-procedure civil-procedure 23-1346" default-judgment default-judgments due-process employment-discrimination foreign-defendant foreign-defendants Is the McDonnell Douglas framework applicable to m mixed-motive personal-jurisdiction pretext service-of-process substituted-service summary-judgment title-vii Due process-requirements-for-service-of-process-on-foreign-defendants
23-1346 The Golub Corporation v. Elaine Bart Second Circuit 2024-06-26 Denied burden-of-proof burden-shifting employment-discrimination mcdonnell-douglas mixed-motive pretext summary-judgment title-vii Is the McDonnell Douglas framework applicable to mixed motive discrimination cases, and if so, how are the three stages of that framework to be formul…
23-1301 Ben Brinkmann, et al. v. Town of Southold, New York Second Circuit 2024-06-13 Denied Amici (5)Relisted (3) bad-faith bad-faith-taking constitutional-protection pretext property-rights public-use section-1983 state-federal-split takings-clause Whether the Takings Clause is violated when a property is taken for a public amenity as a pretext for defeating an owner's plans for another use
23A837 Centura Health Corporation, a Colorado Non-Profit Corporation, et al. v. Barbara Morris, M.D. Colorado 2024-03-12 Presumed Complete church-autonomy declaratory-judgment employment-termination first-amendment pretext religious-organization Whether the church-autonomy doctrine precludes a jury from determining whether a religious employer's stated reason for terminating an employee is pre…
23-6528 Charles L. Burgett v. Martin J. O'Malley, Commissioner of Social Security Eighth Circuit 2024-01-22 Denied Response WaivedIFP 42-usc-2000e civil-rights due-process employment-discrimination pretext prima-facie prima-facie-case summary-judgment title-vii Whether the Court of Appeals applied the correct summary judgment standard on prima facie and on pretext in assessing a case of employment-discriminat…
23-6448 Stephen Dudley Brunson v. United States Fifth Circuit 2024-01-10 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment arrest drug-interdiction fourth-amendment inevitable-discovery law-enforcement pretext probable-cause search-and-seizure traffic-stop Whether officers may cure an unlawfully prolonged traffic stop by arresting the motorist for the traffic violation or claiming inevitable discovery ba…
22-7185 Brandon Scott Donaldson v. Tennessee Tennessee 2023-04-03 Denied Response WaivedIFP batson-challenge batson-v-kentucky but-for-cause civil-rights fair-cross-section jury-selection peremptory-challenges peremptory-strike pretext race-neutral race-neutral-explanation systematic-underrepresentation Whether a peremptory challenge complies with Batson if a prosecutor voiced a race-neutral explanation for his strike in addition to pretextual, improp…
22-917 Nayonn Gray v. Autozoners, LLC, et al. Sixth Circuit 2023-03-21 Denied Response Waived 42-usc-1981 civil-rights contract contract-services discriminatory-intent material-fact pretext racial-discrimination section-1981 summary-judgment Whether summary judgment should be granted when there are genuine issues of material fact as to whether a defendant's refusal to provide services requ…
22-713 Shannon Gladden v. The Procter & Gamble Distributing, LLC Eleventh Circuit 2023-01-31 Denied Response Waived bostock bostock-interpretation but-for but-for-causation circuit-split civil-rights employment-discrimination evidence-evaluation motivating-factor pretext pretext-analysis Does the but-for reasoning referenced in Bostock apply to McDonnell Douglas pretext analysis?
22-649 Jacinta Downing v. Abbott Laboratories, et al. Seventh Circuit 2023-01-12 Denied Response Waived burden-of-proof circumstantial-evidence civil-rights discrimination employment employment-discrimination judicial-interpretation pretext seventh-circuit Whether the Seventh Circuit defeated the fundamental holding of this Court's decision in Costa when it affirmed the district court's refusal to allow …
22-6412 Nicholas Conlan v. Costco Wholesale Corporation Ninth Circuit 2022-12-29 Denied Response WaivedIFP americans-with-disabilities-act disability-accommodation employment-discrimination interactive-process jury-trial pretext reasonable-accommodation service-animal service-dog workplace-accommodation Did Costco violate the Americans with Disabilities Amendment Act by terminating the interactive process with ambiguities they had and not directly eng…
22-5944 Charles L. Burgett v. Janet L. Yellen, Secretary of the Treasury Eighth Circuit 2022-10-31 Denied Response WaivedIFP 42-usc-2000e employment-discrimination pretext prima-facie summary-judgment title-vii Whether the Court of Appeals applied the correct summary judgment standard on prima facie and on pretext in assessing a case of employment discriminat…
22-211 Kelly Vandenberg v. University of Saint Thomas, aka University of St. Thomas (Houston) Fifth Circuit 2022-09-08 Denied burden-of-proof civil-procedure employment-discrimination pretext pretext-standard prima-facie-case reeves-v-sanderson rule-50 rule-56 summary-judgment Whether the narrow Reeves exceptions apply to Rule 56 summary judgment identically as they do under Rule 50
22-66 Keith Kreszowski v. FCA US, LLC, et al. Sixth Circuit 2022-07-25 Denied Response Waived americans-with-disabilities-act causal-connection disability-discrimination disability-perception job-relatedness medical-exam medical-examination pretext pretext-standard retaliation-claim summary-judgment When does an employer cross the line from permissive but subjective request for a medical exam to an impermissible exam that evidences a perception of…
21-1421 Valerie Kline v. Kiran Ahuja, Director, Office of Personnel Management District of Columbia 2022-05-04 Denied Response Waived appellate-circuit-split civil-rights employment-discrimination fruit-of-poisonous-tree mcdonnell-douglas pretext prima-facie unlawful-detail Whether an unlawful detail into a position prior to officially filling it is relevant to raise an inference of pretext, when the prima facie stage und…
21-1112 Sonya Gorbea v. Verizon New York, Inc. Second Circuit 2022-02-11 Denied ada constructive-termination employment-discrimination job-abandonment pretext ptsd reasonable-accommodation reasonable-accommodations title-vii How can Verizon's dereliction of duty and reckless disregard for necessary medical treatment be acceptable under the ADA/Title VII when Verizon refuse…
21-647 Janet Perdue v. Sanofi-Aventis U.S. LLC Fourth Circuit 2021-11-02 Denied ada-accommodation ada-reasonable-accommodation disability-discrimination job-sharing neutral-work-rule pretext reasonable-accommodation summary-judgment us-airways-v-barnett work-rule Whether an employer's neutral work rule can trump the ADA's requirement to provide a reasonable accommodation
21-5433 Alex White v. California California 2021-08-20 Denied Response WaivedIFP civil-rights fourth-amendment law-enforcement mistake-of-law pretext pretext-stop reasonable-mistake traffic-stop vehicle-code vehicle-equipment Where police officers admitted that their equipment violation stop of the vehicle in which petitioner was a passenger was a pretext to conduct gang in…
21-138 Luz González-Bermúdez v. Abbott Laboratories P.R. Inc., et al. First Circuit 2021-08-02 Denied adverse-employment-action age-discrimination comparator-evidence employer-defense employment employment-discrimination jury-inference jury-verdict pretext retaliation retaliation-claim Whether comparator evidence can support an inference of discrimination if the plaintiff and comparators do not share the same position, duties, and su…
20-8379 Anthony Donell Johnson v. Rowan Helping Ministries Fourth Circuit 2021-06-22 Denied IFP civil-rights district-court due-process employment evidence-review job-performance performance-evaluation pretext summary-judgment termination workplace-dispute Did the district Court err in not acknowledging evidence presented by petitioner to demonstrate satisfactory job performance, through outstanding job …
20-1431 Charmell Brown v. Alex Jones, Acting Warden Seventh Circuit 2021-04-13 Denied Response Waived batson-framework batson-v-kentucky jury-selection peremptory-strike pretext prima-facie-case prosecutorial-discretion racial-discrimination Whether a court may rely on factors apparent in the record to explain a prosecutor's seemingly discriminatory peremptory strike at Batson's first step
20-1214 Fred J. Eychaner v. City of Chicago, Illinois Illinois 2021-03-03 Denied Amici (5)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (4) blight due-process eminent-domain future-blight kelo-precedent kelo-v-city-of-new-london pretext property-rights public-use public-use-clause takings takings-clause Is the possibility of future blight a permissible basis for a government to take property in an unblighted area and give it to a private party for pri…
20-7289 Bobby Campbell, Jr. v. Bottling Group, LLC Second Circuit 2021-03-01 Denied Response WaivedIFP 7th-amendment civil-rights comparator-analysis employment-discrimination mcdonnell-douglas pretext seventh-amendment similarly-situated summary-judgment title-vii Does the 7th Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibit courts from measuring degrees of similarity to grant summary judgment on the factual…
20-808 Johnny Duane Miles v. California California 2020-12-15 Denied Amici (1) batson-challenge batson-claim comparative-juror-analysis death-penalty jury-selection peremptory-challenges pretext prosecutorial-discretion racial-discrimination Whether a court reviewing a Batson claim may consider reasons distinguishing stricken jurors from those accepted by the prosecutor when the prosecutor…
20-792 Melinda Beazley Pearson v. City of Augusta, Georgia, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2020-12-11 Denied civil-rights due-process employment-discrimination investigation loudermill-hearing neutral-decisionmaker pretext pretext-analysis public-employment summary-judgment Was it error for the panel to affirm a grant of summary judgment, finding due process had been provided where a challenged demotion had been effected …
20-5685 Ruben Sanchez v. Steven Silva, et al. First Circuit 2020-09-14 Denied Response WaivedIFP batson-challenge batson-v-kentucky equal-protection fourteenth-amendment jury-selection peremptory-challenge pretext racial-discrimination standard-of-review Whether the prosecutor's peremptory challenge of Hispanic prospective jurors was justified
20-5476 Derek Tyler Horton v. Alabama Alabama 2020-08-25 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights constitutional-rights duty-to-investigate fourth-amendment law-enforcement lawful-arrest pretext pretextual-arrest probable-cause warrant-validity Whether a police officer's reason for acting should factor into the Fourth Amendment inquiry
19-8717 Lance E. Felton v. City of Jackson, Mississippi Fifth Circuit 2020-06-17 Denied Response WaivedIFP americans-with-disabilities-act civil-rights disability-accommodation disability-rights employment-discrimination interactive-process post-traumatic-stress-disorder pretext reasonable-accommodation termination Whether the City of Jackson, Mississippi failed to accommodate Lance Felton's disability pursuant to the Americans with Disabilities Act
19-1295 Rao S. Mandalapu v. Temple University Hospital, et al. Third Circuit 2020-05-15 Denied Response Waived 42-usc-1981 civil-rights civil-rights-act employment-discrimination pretext reeves-v-sanderson retaliation summary-judgment title-vii Is it necessary for a plaintiff to show discriminatory or retaliatory 'animus' against a protected category in order to prevent dismissal at the summa…
19-7857 Chance Dechristian Adams v. Minnesota Minnesota 2020-03-04 Denied Response WaivedIFP batson-challenge batson-v-kentucky circuit-split equal-protection jury-selection peremptory-strike peremptory-strikes pretext prosecutorial-discretion racial-discrimination standard-of-review When a peremptory strike of a prospective juror is challenged under Batson v. Kentucky, must the reviewing court examine each proffered reason for the…
19-7241 William Gene Cox, Jr. v. Louisiana Louisiana 2020-01-10 Denied Response WaivedIFP armed-assault civil-rights confidential-informant confidential-informants constitutional-rights due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement pretext search-and-seizure unreasonable-search Should law enforcement be allowed to utilize armed assaults by confidential informants as pretext for circumventing the Fourth Amendment guarantee aga…
19-796 Michael Cowels, et al. v. Federal Bureau of Investigation, et al. First Circuit 2019-12-20 Denied Response Waived administrative-procedure-act agency-review arbitrary-and-capricious civil-rights dna-profile due-process fbi-determination federal-bureau-of-investigation national-dna-index-system pretext pretextual-basis pretextual-determination Whether the FBI's determination that a DNA profile is ineligible for upload to NDIS is arbitrary and capricious
19-724 Keith Y. Arakaki v. Megan J. Brennan, Postmaster General, et al. Ninth Circuit 2019-12-09 Denied Response Waived adverse-action civil-procedure civil-rights employment-discrimination pretext retaliation summary-judgment title-vii Whether the four discrete events Petitioner raised in opposing Respondents' Motion for Summary Judgment constituted adverse actions in accordance with…
19-6859 Michael A. Green v. United States Eighth Circuit 2019-12-04 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment abandoned-vehicle community-caretaking criminal-procedure fourth-amendment inventory-search investigatory-motive law-enforcement-motive pretext search-and-seizure tow-policy vehicle-impoundment vehicle-search Whether an officer with a motive to search for incriminating evidence may impound a vehicle and inventory its contents in contravention of the standar…
19-500 Ameer Siddiqui v. NetJets Aviation, Inc. Eleventh Circuit 2019-10-18 Denied Response RequestedRelisted (2) but-for but-for-test causation-standard civil-rights comparator-analysis comparators employment-discrimination pretext pretext-evaluation reasonable-inference retaliation retaliation-claims section-1981 summary-judgment title-vii Are plaintiffs who bring retaliation claims under Title VII or Section 1981 subjected to the 'but for' test, or is a reasonable inference sufficient?
19-233 Eryon Luke v. CPlace Forest Park SNF, L.L.C., dba Nottingham Regional Rehab Center Fifth Circuit 2019-08-22 Denied circuit-split civil-rights comparator comparator-standard due-process employment-discrimination mcdonnell-douglas pregnancy-discrimination pretext prima-facie prima-facie-case title-vii Whether the analysis applied by the Fifth Circuit as articulated in the Pre-Young decision of Brady vs. Office of the Sergeant at Arms 820 F.2d 490 (D…
19-5139 Alauna Gaye Morris v. United States Eighth Circuit 2019-07-10 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment civil-rights fourth-amendment impound inventory-search investigative-stop law-enforcement policy pretext search-and-seizure unreasonable-search vehicle-impoundment Whether the Government meets its burden of proving the existence of a clear written policy for searching impounded vehicles
19-49 Michael Simons v. Boston Scientific, et al. Third Circuit 2019-07-08 Denied Response Waived circuit-split employment-discrimination fmla FMLA-retaliation mcdonnell-douglas pretext pretext-standard prima-facie retaliation summary-judgment temporal-proximity Whether the McDonnell Douglas framework applies to FMLA interference claims
18-9077 Cecelia D. Walton v. North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, Disability Determination Services Fourth Circuit 2019-05-01 Denied IFP admissibility civil-rights eeoc eeoc-determination eeoc-reasonable-cause-determination employment-discrimination federal-rules-of-evidence federal-rules-of-evidence-403 pretext retaliation summary-judgment title-vii workplace-discrimination With regards to EEOC Reasonable Charge Determinations issued pursuant to the EEOC investigation conducted, is the Reasonable Cause Determination autom…
18-1089 Annette Benjamin v. Felder Services, L.L.C., dba Oxford Health and Rehab Center Fifth Circuit 2019-02-21 Denied age-discrimination burden-of-proof civil-rights direct-evidence disparate-treatment employment-act employment-discrimination employment-law poor-performance pretext summary-judgment workplace-discrimination Whether a court may properly grant summary judgment in an Age Discrimination in Employment Act case by accepting as true the employer's disputed claim…
18-7601 Joseph Chhim v. Golden Nuggett Lake Charles, L.L.C. Fifth Circuit 2019-01-28 Denied Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP age-discrimination civil-rights computer-assessment due-process eligibility-requirements employment-discrimination equal-protection facility-supervisor hiring-practices pretext pretext-claim Did Defendant Golden Nugget discriminate against Plaintiff when it hired 300 employees with different eligibility requirements based on a discriminato…
18-634 Aed El-Saba v. University of South Alabama Eleventh Circuit 2018-11-15 Denied appellate-review civil-procedure employment-discrimination national-origin-discrimination pretext pretext-analysis retaliation summary-judgment supervisory-power termination Whether the appellate court erred in affirming the district court's grant of summary judgment despite the district court's failure to properly analyze…
18-624 Jinae Rasko v. New York City Administration for Children's Services Second Circuit 2018-11-14 Denied Response Waived adverse-employment-action causal-connection civil-rights corrective-action direct-evidence employment-discrimination hostile-work-environment pretext retaliation title-vii Whether an employer is liable for discrimination under Title VII
18-6644 Jingyuan Feng v. Sheena Komenda, et al. Eighth Circuit 2018-11-08 Denied Response WaivedIFP adverse-employment-action employment-discrimination employment-discrimination,civil-rights,title-vii,p equal-employment performance-evaluation pretext retaliation title-vii Whether the falsified employment performance statements are pretexts or legitimate reasons for the employment decisions
18-6501 Carl A. Robertson v. Interactive College of Technology, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2018-10-30 Denied Response WaivedIFP cat's-paw-theory civil-procedure civil-rights due-process employment-discrimination evidentiary-rules mcdonnell-douglas-framework pretext pro-se pro-se-litigant scheduling-order standing summary-judgment title-vii Should a pro se litigant's First Proposed Heightened Amended Complaint be unfairly denied by courts based on not following Scheduling Order, undue del…
18-6422 Larry Norton v. United States Seventh Circuit 2018-10-24 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-rights exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment mistake-of-law perjury police-misconduct pretext pretextual-stop search search-and-seizure traffic-stop Does a mistake of law by police in the stopping of a vehicle render the subsequent search violative of the Fourth Amendment?
18-353 Tate Clark v. Southwest Airlines Company Fifth Circuit 2018-09-18 Denied Response Waived anderson-v-liberty-lobby appellate-review causation-standard civil-procedure district-court evidence-standard factual-inferences fmla-retaliation genuine-issue-for-trial judicial-review mixed-motive pretext prima-facie-case standard-of-review summary-judgment Whether the District Court and Court of Appeals failed to view the evidence presented in conjunction with Respondent's motion for summary judgment in …
18-5987 Ajohntae Hammond v. United States Tenth Circuit 2018-09-14 Denied Response WaivedIFP 4th-amendment circuit-split fourth-amendment officer-safety police-discretion pretext probable-cause qualified-immunity reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure totality-of-circumstances totality-of-the-circumstances warrantless-search Whether a police officer's fear for safety justified a warrantless search
18-5713 Leonard E. Dunning v. Nancy M. Ware, Director, Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency District of Columbia 2018-08-22 Denied Response WaivedIFP appellate-review civil-rights discrimination due-process employment employment-discrimination intentional-discrimination mcdonnell-douglas motion-reconsideration pretext reasonable-jury summary-judgment Whether Appellate Court erred in denying Appellant's motion for reconsideration
18-28 Robert J. Balding v. Sunbelt Steel Texas, Inc., et al. Tenth Circuit 2018-07-05 Denied ada-protections adverse-action americans-with-disabilities-act civil-rights due-process employment employment-discrimination family-and-medical-leave-act family-medical-leave-act fmla-rights pretext protected-leave retaliation workplace-retaliation Whether an employer violates an employee's FMLA-or-ADA-rights by interfering-with-retaliation-against-denying-accommodations-and-taking-adverse-action