| 25-750 |
Calvin M. Costanza v. Florida Marine Transporters, LLC |
Louisiana |
2025-12-23 |
Pending |
|
causation-standard daubert-standard jones-act maritime-law scientific-evidence toxic-tort |
Whether under 46 U.S.C.A. § 30104 (The Jones Act) relaxed causation standard, requiring only that the employer's negligence play "any part, even the s… |
| 25-6212 |
Nicolas Mondragon-Gonzalez v. United States |
Fifth Circuit |
2025-11-24 |
Pending |
Response RequestedResponse WaivedIFP |
causation-standard circuit-split death-enhancement sentencing-guidelines statutory-interpretation substantive-reasonableness |
In the case of petitioner Nicolas Mondragon Gonzalez, he received a forty year sentence under the death enhancement in USSG § 2L1.1(b)(7)(D) based sol… |
| 25-499 |
Sandy Mays v. Newly Weds Foods, Inc. |
Fifth Circuit |
2025-10-22 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
causation-standard circuit-split employment-discrimination fmla-retaliation mcdonnell-douglas summary-judgment |
I. To resolve the confusion among circuit courts, the
Court should decide whether the McDonnell
Douglas framework is inappropriate for analysis
at … |
| 25-229 |
Emigrant Mortgage Company, et al. v. Jean Robert Saint-Jean, et al. |
Second Circuit |
2025-08-27 |
Denied |
Amici (1)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) |
causation-standard circuit-split discrimination-claims disparate-impact equitable-tolling fair-housing-act |
In Texas Dept. of Housing and Community Affairs v. Inclusive Communities Project, Inc., 576 U.S. 519 (2015), this Court held that disparate impact dis… |
| 24-1206 |
Daryao Khatri v. Board of Trustees of the University of the District of Columbia |
District of Columbia |
2025-05-27 |
Denied |
|
age-discrimination causation-standard civil-rights-act eeoc-complaint personnel-actions supreme-court-interpretation |
Whether the District of Columbia Court of Appeals erred in not applying the Supreme Court's ruling on age discrimination in personnel actions as outli… |
| 24-998 |
Officer Eddie Boyd, III, et al. v. Fred Watson |
Eighth Circuit |
2025-03-19 |
Denied |
Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) |
causation-standard clearly-established-law first-amendment qualified-immunity retaliatory-force section-1983 |
Whether the Eighth Circuit's decision violated 'clearly established' law directives and the objective reasonableness standard for First Amendment reta… |
| 24-640 |
Patricia A. Allen v. Scott Bessent, Secretary of the Treasury |
District of Columbia |
2024-12-12 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
causation-standard due-process employment-discrimination jury-instructions retaliation-claim title-vii |
Whether a trial court abused its discretion by providing jury instructions that omitted Title VII discrimination claims and applied different causatio… |
| 24-5069 |
Phile Andra Watson v. FedEx Express |
Fifth Circuit |
2024-07-12 |
Denied |
Relisted (2)IFP |
ada-discrimination americans-with-disabilities-act but-for-causation causation causation-standard congressional-intent disability-discrimination disability-rights employment-law motivating-factor |
What is the appropriate standard for determining causation under the ADA? |
| 23-1283 |
Doris Lapham v. Walgreen Co. |
Eleventh Circuit |
2024-06-07 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
adverse-employment-action causation causation-standard circuit-split department-of-labor department-of-labor-regulation employment-law employment-retaliation family-medical-leave-act fmla retaliation |
Whether 29 U.S.C. § 2615(a)(1) prohibits an employer from retaliating against an employee who has exercised her rights under the FMLA |
| 23-1019 |
Dennis McLain v. Denis R. McDonough, Secretary of Veterans Affairs |
Eleventh Circuit |
2024-03-18 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
causation-standard civil-rights discrimination due-process employment employment-discrimination federal-employee federal-employment jury-instruction retaliation title-vii whistleblowing |
Whether the jury should be instructed on the causation standard delineated in Babb v. Wilkie for federal employee Title VII claims |
| 23-5595 |
Ronnie R. Rolland, Sr. v. Aurora Retirement, LLC, dba Cherry Creek Retirement Village, LLC, et al. |
Tenth Circuit |
2023-09-15 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
article-iii causation-standard civil-procedure civil-rights due-process protected-activity punitive-damages standing summary-judgment title-vii |
whether-appeals-court-retain-authority-over-moot-claims |
| 23-5453 |
Pedro Ramirez-Urbina v. United States |
Fifth Circuit |
2023-08-25 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
5th-amendment 6th-amendment alien-smuggling burden-of-proof causation causation-standard criminal-procedure due-process fifth-amendment sentence-enhancement sixth-amendment |
Whether the Fifth or Sixth Amendments prohibit conduct for which Ramirez was acquitted from being used to enhance his sentence for alien-smuggling |
| 22-972 |
Jacqueline A. Watkins v. City of Chicago, Illinois |
Seventh Circuit |
2023-04-07 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
adverse-employment-action cat's-paw cat's-paw-theory causation-standard civil-rights-act-of-1964 employment employment-discrimination mixed-motive racial-discrimination sex-discrimination title-vii |
Whether an employer can be liable for racial and sex discrimination under Title VII based on a supervisor's alleged bias |
| 22-197 |
Yvonne T. Massaro v. New York City Department of Education, et al. |
Second Circuit |
2022-09-02 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
adea age-discrimination burlington-northern causation causation-standard continuing-violation discrete-acts employment-retaliation hostile-work-environment pattern-and-practice retaliation |
Whether the Burlington Northern standard applies to ADEA retaliatory-harassment-claims |
| 21-74 |
Shawna Cannon Lemon v. Myers Bigel, P.A., et al. |
Fourth Circuit |
2021-07-20 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
bostock-v-clayton-county but-for-causation causation-standard civil-rights civil-rights-act clackamas-factors employment-discrimination race-discrimination shareholder-status title-vii |
Whether the Clackamas factors apply to whether a shareholder in a law firm may assert claims of race and sex discrimination and retaliation under Titl… |
| 20-1715 |
Denise Taylor-Travis v. Jackson State University |
Fifth Circuit |
2021-06-11 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
causation causation-standard civil-rights due-process jury-instructions privacy-rights public-records-act retaliation title-ix |
Whether the jury instruction on the causation standard for a Title IX retaliation claim was erroneous |
| 20-977 |
Zachary Pulera v. Victoria Sarzant, et al. |
Seventh Circuit |
2021-01-22 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
anderson-v-liberty-lobby causation-standard civil-procedure civil-rights legal-precedent precedent seventh-circuit standard summary-judgment |
Whether the Court should resolve the Seventh Circuit's departure from the summary judgment standard articulated by this Court in Anderson v. Liberty L… |
| 20-861 |
Arlene Fry v. Rand Construction Corporation |
Fourth Circuit |
2020-12-30 |
Denied |
Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) |
bostock-v-clayton-county burrage-v-united-states but-for-causation causation-standard circuit-split employment-action fmla-claim fmla-retaliation legal-interpretation motivating-factor negative-factor |
Whether the lower court erred in adopting a 'sole cause' standard for FMLA retaliation claims, in direct conflict with this Court's holdings in Burrag… |
| 20-789 |
Rebecca Dikes, as Personal Representative of the Estate of Shawn C. Dikes v. United States |
Ninth Circuit |
2020-12-09 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
causation-standard civil-procedure constitutional-rights district-court due-process evidence-presentation federal-tort legal-procedure |
Whether a District Court's decision to implement a new causation standard in a federal tort case after the Petitioner presented all her evidence const… |
| 20-6108 |
Antoine Washington v. United States |
Fourth Circuit |
2020-10-22 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
21-usc-841 burrage-precedent burrage-v-united-states but-for but-for-causation causation causation-standard criminal-law drug-sentencing forensic-pathology statutory-interpretation |
Whether the 'special rule' exception to but-for causation is inapplicable to a 21 U.S.C. § 841(b)(1)(C) enhancement |
| 20-58 |
Anita Smith v. Vestavia Hills Board of Education |
Eleventh Circuit |
2020-07-24 |
Denied |
|
but-for-causation causation causation-standard civil-rights discrimination-claim motivating-factor pleading summary-judgment title-vii |
Is a Title VII plaintiff required to meet the but-for causation standard to survive summary judgment? |
| 19-8158 |
Lucas Heindenstrom v. United States |
First Circuit |
2020-04-02 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
18-usc-3553 causation causation-standard fentanyl fentanyl-death harmless-error sentencing-guidelines statutory-sentencing upward-departure |
Is applying the wrong causation standard when upwardly departing under the sentencing guidelines or upwardly varying under the statutory sentencing fa… |
| 19-7936 |
James Zavaglia v. Boston University School of Medicine |
First Circuit |
2020-03-10 |
Denied |
IFP |
administrative-law but-for-causation causation-standard chevron-deference civil-rights due-process employment-discrimination family-medical-leave-act fmla-interference jury-trial medical-leave motivating-factor reeves-v-sanderson retaliation standing summary-judgment |
Whether the lower courts are correct to apply Nassar to FMLA cases |
| 19-1008 |
Jim C. Hodge, et al. v. United States |
Fifth Circuit |
2020-02-12 |
Denied |
|
but-for-causation causation causation-standard false-claims-act foreseeability fraud legal-elements proximate-cause substantial-factor |
Whether the causation element standard under the False Claims Act is proximate cause, requiring both that the harm was foreseeable and that the false … |
| 19-995 |
Michael J. Murray v. Mayo Clinic, et al. |
Ninth Circuit |
2020-02-10 |
Denied |
|
americans-with-disabilities-act causation causation-standard congressional-intent disability-discrimination discrimination motivating-factor statutory-interpretation |
Is the 'motivating factor' standard most consistent with the plain language and purposes of the ADA, and Congressional intent, and therefore the appro… |
| 19-732 |
Richard Natofsky v. City of New York |
Second Circuit |
2019-12-10 |
Denied |
|
ada adverse-employment-action americans-with-disabilities-act burden-of-proof burden-shifting but-for-causation causation-standard civil-rights disability-discrimination employment-discrimination employment-law mixed-motive mixed-motive-causation |
Whether the Americans with Disabilities Act permits employees to proceed under a mixed-motive causation standard before the burden shifts to employers… |
| 19-500 |
Ameer Siddiqui v. NetJets Aviation, Inc. |
Eleventh Circuit |
2019-10-18 |
Denied |
Response RequestedRelisted (2) |
but-for but-for-test causation-standard civil-rights comparator-analysis comparators employment-discrimination pretext pretext-evaluation reasonable-inference retaliation retaliation-claims section-1981 summary-judgment title-vii |
Are plaintiffs who bring retaliation claims under Title VII or Section 1981 subjected to the 'but for' test, or is a reasonable inference sufficient? |
| 19-5115 |
Cordero Robert Seals v. United States |
Eighth Circuit |
2019-07-09 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
burden-of-proof burrage burrage-test but-for-causation causation-standard causation-test circuit-split contributing-causation contributing-cause eighth-circuit government-burden judicial-interpretation legal-standard seventh-circuit |
Whether the Eighth Circuit misinterpreted the but-for causation test in light of the government's burden, and inappropriately applied the contributing… |
| 18-6605 |
Joseph Perrone v. United States |
Seventh Circuit |
2018-11-07 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
adversarial-proceeding appellate-review burrage-precedent causation causation-standard due-process government-assertions judicial-procedure record standard standard-of-proof united-states-v-burrage |
Did the lower courts refuse to follow the decision and holdings of this Court in United States v. Burrage, 571 U.S. 204, 134 S.Ct. 881, 187 L.Ed.2d 71… |
| 18-446 |
City of Taunton, Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency |
First Circuit |
2018-10-10 |
Denied |
Amici (2)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) |
agency-deference causation causation-standard chevron-deference clean-water-act due-process effluent-limitations narrative-criteria npdes npdes-permit |
Whether the Clean Water Act and NPDES rules require a demonstration of causation beyond a 'mere possibility' to impose more restrictive effluent limit… |
| 18-353 |
Tate Clark v. Southwest Airlines Company |
Fifth Circuit |
2018-09-18 |
Denied |
Response Waived |
anderson-v-liberty-lobby appellate-review causation-standard civil-procedure district-court evidence-standard factual-inferences fmla-retaliation genuine-issue-for-trial judicial-review mixed-motive pretext prima-facie-case standard-of-review summary-judgment |
Whether the District Court and Court of Appeals failed to view the evidence presented in conjunction with Respondent's motion for summary judgment in … |
| 18-5532 |
Galindo Jose Ruiz-Hernandez v. United States |
Fifth Circuit |
2018-08-13 |
Denied |
Response WaivedIFP |
alien-smuggling bodily-injury causation causation-standard criminal-procedure criminal-sentencing due-process foreseeability immigration mens-rea reasonable-foreseeability sentencing-enhancement sentencing-enhancements sentencing-guidelines standard-of-review |
Whether the Fifth Circuit erred in affirming the application of sentencing enhancements under U.S.S.G. § 2L1.1(b)(6) and § 2L1.1(b)(7) without requiri… |