specific-intent

56 cases — ← All topics

Case Title Lower Court Docketed Status Flags Tags Question Presented
25-5907 Cory Collin Fitzgerald Sanders v. United States Fourth Circuit 2025-10-16 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-procedure evidence-inference guilty-knowledge jury-instruction specific-intent willful-intent Whether a court may instruct a jury to infer willful intent or guilty knowledge from a defendant's 'irregular manner' in a federal criminal prosecutio…
25-5685 Anthony Lemicy v. United States Eighth Circuit 2025-09-19 Denied Response WaivedIFP child-exploitation constitutional-violation criminal-procedure evidentiary-sufficiency specific-intent statutory-interpretation Can the government prove specific intent of 'use' without minor testimony, relying solely on circumstantial evidence and images, in violation of feder…
25-5680 David Petersen v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2025-09-18 Denied Response WaivedIFP actus-reus aiding-and-abetting circuit-split constitutional-rights mens-rea specific-intent Whether the mens rea and actus reus requirements for aiding and abetting liability under 18 U.S.C. § 2 demand proof of specific intent and affirmative…
25-5664 In Re Amy Bishop Anderson 2025-09-17 Denied Relisted (2)IFP constitutional-error habeas-corpus new-evidence procedural-default specific-intent steroid-psychosis Whether a habeas corpus petition alleging new evidence of steroid psychosis can overcome procedural default and demonstrate a lack of specific intent …
25A294 Vincent Gerald Garcia v. United States Ninth Circuit 2025-09-15 Presumed Complete conspiracy-to-commit criminal-conspiracy racketeering rico-conspiracy specific-intent statutory-interpretation Whether a nonspecific RICO conspiracy without specific intent to commit the target crime can constitute a substantive criminal offense
25-5563 Joseph Lee Smith v. Louisiana Louisiana 2025-09-05 Denied IFP constitutional-review manslaughter post-trial-motions sentencing specific-intent writ-application Whether the Louisiana Supreme Court erred in denying petitioner's writ application on direct appeal regarding specific intent for manslaughter, whethe…
24-7487 Nicholas Noelani D. Smith v. Alabama Alabama 2025-06-24 Denied IFP capital-murder due-process fourteenth-amendment lesser-included-offenses specific-intent voluntary-intoxication Whether a criminal defendant in a capital trial is deprived of his Fourteenth Amendment right to due process when the evidence supports voluntary into…
24-6822 Jorge Almeida v. Ricky D. Dixon, Secretary, Florida Department of Corrections Eleventh Circuit 2025-03-21 Denied Response WaivedIFP due-process ineffective-assistance insanity-defense mens-rea mental-disease specific-intent Whether trial counsel provided ineffective assistance by conceding guilt instead of presenting an insanity defense and whether due process was violate…
24-6465 Leslie Robert Burk v. United States Fifth Circuit 2025-02-04 Denied IFP 18-USC-1343 18-USC-1349 commercial-contract contract-law specific-intent wire-fraud Whether the wire-fraud statutes criminalize a deceptive statement that induces an ordinary commercial contract that the party who made the statement i…
23-6109 Tou Thao v. United States Eighth Circuit 2023-11-27 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-242 civil-rights constitutional-rights criminal-procedure deprivation-of-rights due-process fair-trial prosecutorial-misconduct specific-intent willfulness Was the evidence at trial sufficient to establish the willfulness of the petitioner?
23-5374 Jessie C. Roberts v. Danny Samuel Ninth Circuit 2023-08-17 Denied Response WaivedIFP competency criminal-procedure delusions hallucinations incompetency ineffective-assistance mental-health specific-intent Whether trial counsel provided ineffective assistance by failing to investigate and present testimony from mental health experts supporting that the c…
23-5195 Cynthia Kaye Wood v. Texas Texas 2023-07-25 Denied IFP constitutional-rights criminal-intent criminal-procedure due-process guilty-plea habeas-corpus ineffective-assistance mens-rea specific-intent voluntary-plea Was the defendant's guilty plea voluntary when she did not know the mens rea for the charged offense?
22-1203 Alan Patrick Fowler v. Bobby Lumpkin, Director, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Correctional Institutions Division Fifth Circuit 2023-06-13 Denied confrontation-clause confrontation-right constitutional-rights criminal-law criminal-sentencing due-process ineffective-assistance ineffective-assistance-of-counsel mens-rea mental-health sentencing specific-intent Whether there is insufficient evidence of specific intent to commit murder
22-542 Tavaris Betts v. United States Sixth Circuit 2022-12-14 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) armed-career-criminal-act burglary circuit-split criminal-sentencing generic-burglary intent-requirement specific-intent statutory-interpretation Whether a State's no-intent burglary statute qualifies as generic burglary under the Armed Career Criminal Act
21-7994 Vincent James Sanchez, aka Vincent Sanches, aka Enrique Sanchez v. United States Ninth Circuit 2022-05-27 Denied Response WaivedIFP borden-v-united-states circuit-split criminal-law elements-clause mens-rea reckless-crimes specific-intent statutory-interpretation Does Borden v. United States, 141 8. Ct. 1817 (2021), mean that the elements clause requires the specific intent to use, attempt to use, or threaten t…
21-7530 Paul M. Weadick v. United States First Circuit 2022-04-04 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-1512 circuit-split criminal-procedure federal-statute federal-witness-tampering fowler-v-united-states reasonable-likelihood specific-intent statutory-interpretation witness-tampering Whether the 'reasonable likelihood' standard applies even when the witness may not have made any communication to any officials at all
21-6908 Jessie Flores v. Brian Cates, Warden Ninth Circuit 2022-01-20 Denied Response WaivedIFP competence-to-stand-trial competency-to-stand-trial criminal-procedure ineffective-assistance-of-counsel mental-health-defense mental-state-defense psychosis specific-intent substance-abuse willful-deliberate-and-premeditated-murder Does defense counsel unreasonably fail to investigate and present a mental state defense to a charge of willful, deliberate and premeditated murder?
21-6737 James P. Donoghue, et ux. v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue First Circuit 2021-12-28 Denied Response WaivedIFP general-intent judicial-oath judicial-regulation judicial-remand judicial-review objective-review perjury specific-intent statutory-interpretation tax-court Whether the lower courts erred in framing the decision under the doctrine of general-intent, using subjective deduction, being inconsistent in objecti…
21-6202 Charles Gregory Clark v. John Q. Hamm, Commissioner, Alabama Department of Corrections Eleventh Circuit 2021-11-09 Denied IFP capital-murder habeas-corpus ineffective-assistance ineffective-assistance-of-counsel martinez-rule martinez-v-ryan shackling shackling-claim specific-intent strickland-standard strickland-v-washington Whether the trial court's requirement that Charles Gregory Clark be visibly restrained during his entire capital murder trial without a hearing and ne…
21-6020 Said Azzam Mohamad Rahim v. United States Fifth Circuit 2021-10-20 Denied Response WaivedIFP apprendi-v-new-jersey circuit-split criminal-law criminal-sentencing due-process sentencing-guidelines specific-intent statutory-interpretation terrorism-enhancement This Court should resolve the circuit split that has developed by finding that the twelve-level terrorism enhancement under U.S.S.G. §3A1.4 requires a…
21-579 Kenneth Eugene Smith v. John Q. Hamm, Commissioner, Alabama Department of Corrections, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2021-10-20 Denied accomplice-liability burden-of-proof capital-sentencing constitutional-rights due-process eighth-amendment fourteenth-amendment jury-instructions jury-trial sixth-amendment specific-intent Under Waddington v. Sarausad, does a general jury instruction on accomplice liability relieve the State of its burden to prove specific intent beyond …
21-5853 Noah Gaston v. Maine Maine 2021-10-01 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-culpability due-process fourteenth-amendment general-intent intent mens-rea murder murder-statute specific-intent Does Maine's murder statute violate the Fourteenth Amendment because it does not require the state to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Noah Gaston…
21-5551 Floyd Flugence v. Darrel Vannoy, Warden Fifth Circuit 2021-09-01 Denied Response WaivedIFP constitutional-rights criminal-law criminal-procedure due-process intent jury-evidence louisiana second-degree-murder specific-intent sufficiency-of-evidence Whether the evidence was sufficient to support the finding of guilt in accordance with La. B.S. 14:30.1 (Second Degree Murder) where there was no spec…
20-8184 Ronald Centeno v. United States Fourth Circuit 2021-06-01 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-924c 5th-amendment 6th-amendment constructive-amendment mens-rea specific-intent whether-aiding-and-abetting-can-be-submitted-to-jury-when-not-charged
20-7701 Samuel Alex Gann v. United States Sixth Circuit 2021-04-09 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP armed-career-criminal-act burglary burglary-statute circuit-split criminal-law criminal-statute sentencing specific-intent statutory-interpretation trespass Whether a burglary statute that omits the element of specific intent qualifies as generic 'burglary' for purposes of the Armed Career Criminal Act
20-7146 Frank Ray Gallardo v. United States Eighth Circuit 2021-02-12 Denied Response WaivedIFP circuit-conflict circuit-split criminal-law criminal-statute due-process federal-criminal-law jury-instruction jury-instructions mens-rea specific-intent statutory-interpretation Whether a defendant charged with an offense under 18 USC § 2244 is entitled to a specific intent instruction and there is a conflict among Circuits
20-7109 Raul Flores-Villalvaso v. United States Ninth Circuit 2021-02-10 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-history criminal-procedure due-process illegal-reentry mens-rea sentencing sentencing-guidelines specific-intent Whether the 8 U.S.C. § 1326 Attempted Illegal Reentry mens rea element of 'specific intent' can be restated as simply 'a conscious desire' with no ref…
20-6806 Troy Merck, Jr. v. Florida Florida 2021-01-08 Denied IFP autonomy-defense criminal-defense due-process mccoy-v-louisiana sixth-amendment specific-intent trial-counsel voluntary-intoxication Whether a defendant's autonomy to decide the objective of the defense is violated by the assertion of a voluntary intoxication defense
20-6565 Simon Quinn v. Louisiana Louisiana 2020-12-08 Denied Response WaivedIFP burden-of-proof criminal-intent criminal-investigation criminal-procedure homicide-investigation obstruction-of-justice reasonable-doubt specific-intent statutory-interpretation underlying-conviction Whether there was sufficient evidence to support a conviction for obstruction of a homicide investigation
20-6484 Willie Tyler v. United States Third Circuit 2020-12-01 Denied IFP 18-usc-1512 communication-prevention criminal-prosecution federal-jurisdiction federal-statute federal-witness-tampering fowler-v-united-states reasonable-likelihood specific-intent witness-tampering Whether the 'reasonable likelihood' standard applies to cases where the defendant acted with intent to prevent communications only to state officials
20-6426 Jose Farias-Valdovinos v. United States Eighth Circuit 2020-11-24 Denied Response WaivedIFP appeal-waiver criminal-procedure factual-basis mens-rea plea-bargaining plea-colloquy rule-11 specific-intent specific-intent-crime Whether the district court's omission of an independent inquiry into a defendant's mens rea during the Rule 11 plea colloquy for a specific intent cri…
20-5833 Scott Francis Fortier v. United States Eighth Circuit 2020-09-29 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-2251 child-pornography commerce-clause constitutional-vagueness mens-rea sexual-conduct sexually-explicit-conduct specific-intent vagueness-doctrine Does creating a visual depiction of sexual conduct of a minor need to be the dominant or specific purpose; one of the dominant or specific purposes; o…
20-5748 Dacarius Holliday v. Louisiana Louisiana 2020-09-17 Denied IFP constitutional-error criminal-intent criminal-negligence due-process eighth-amendment jury-instructions jury-sentencing specific-intent standard-of-proof trial-court Can convictions for crimes requiring specific intent create constitutional error where the trial court has ruled that the evidence supports criminal n…
19-8828 Michael Jerald Leggett v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2020-06-26 Denied Response WaivedIFP attempted-crimes attempted-offense crime-of-violence criminal-law elements-clause hobbs-act specific-intent statutory-interpretation substantial-step violent-crimes Whether attempted commission of an offense categorically qualifies as a crime of violence under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(3)(A)'s elements clause
19-8582 Brandon Lee Edwards v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2020-06-02 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-924c3a attempted-offense crime-of-violence elements-clause hobbs-act hobbs-act-robbery james-v-united-states specific-intent substantial-step Is the attempted commission of an offense, like Hobbs Act robbery, automatically and categorically a crime of violence under 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(3)(A)'…
19-8195 Alens Charles v. Ric L. Bradshaw, Sheriff, Palm Beach County, Florida Eleventh Circuit 2020-04-06 Denied IFP assault civil-rights-act-of-1991 criminal-law criminal-statute due-process extraterritoriality federal-government federal-officers general-intent specific-intent statute-of-limitations statutory-interpretation Whether 18 U.S.C. §111 the dismissal was a specific-intent
19-7569 Stanley Noel Ames v. United States Ninth Circuit 2020-02-05 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (3)IFP 18-usc-924(c) 18-usc-924c bank-robbery carter-v-united-states crime-of-violence criminal-law-procedure federal-bank-robbery force-clause general-intent intent sentencing-standard specific-intent Did the Ninth Circuit err in holding that federal bank robbery is a crime of violence under the force clause of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)
19-7100 Damon Jones v. John E. Wetzel, Secretary, Pennsylvania Department of Corrections, et al. Third Circuit 2019-12-30 Dismissed Response WaivedIFP burden-of-proof constitutional-presumption evidentiary-presumption fourteenth-amendment jury-instructions sixth-amendment specific-intent transferred-intent Are the Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments violated where in a case tried and presented under the transferred intent theory the jury is not instructed on…
19-7067 Michael Baird Jordan v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-12-27 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (3)IFP 18-usc-924(c)(3)(a) armed-bank-robbery bank-robbery categorical-approach crime-of-violence elements-clause general-intent intent intimidation physical-force specific-intent statutory-interpretation use-of-force Whether federal armed bank robbery by intimidation is a crime of violence under the elements clause of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(3)(A)
19-5772 Sergio Saldivar Gutierrez v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-08-30 Denied Response WaivedIFP armed-career-criminal-act assault-statute california-penal-code conscious-disregard-of-risk criminal-intent force-clause general-intent physical-force specific-intent statutory-interpretation violent-felony Whether an offense that does not require, at a minimum, a conscious disregard of a risk of harm, lacks an element of the 'use of physical force agains…
19-139 Delmar Hardy v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-07-30 Denied cheek-v-united-states criminal-tax good-faith good-faith-reliance jury-instruction jury-instructions professional-reliance reliance-on-accountant specific-intent tax-fraud tax-law tax-professional willfulness Whether a subjective standard must be applied in determining whether there was evidence of full disclosure to support a reliance on a tax professional…
19-102 Leroy Baca v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-07-22 Denied Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) 18-usc-1503 consciousness-of-wrongdoing constitutional-rights criminal-intent criminal-willfulness jury-anonymity mens-rea obstruction-of-justice public-trial specific-intent Whether the term 'corruptly' in 18 U.S.C. § 1503 requires the government to prove that the defendant had a 'specific intent to obtain an unlawful adva…
18-9687 Candelario Lucio-Garza v. United States Fifth Circuit 2019-06-17 Denied IFP attempted-crime attempted-reentry circuit-conflict criminal-law federal-jurisdiction immigration mens-rea specific-intent united-states-v-resendiz-ponce Does the crime of attempted illegal reentry incorporate the common-law mens rea of a specific intent to commit the completed offense?
18-9440 Earl Lee Dixie v. Kenneth Harrington, Warden Ninth Circuit 2019-05-29 Denied Response WaivedIFP cruel-and-unusual-punishment eighth-amendment ineffective-assistance ineffective-assistance-of-counsel intoxication-defense mental-health-defense mental-health-evidence specific-intent strickland-standard strickland-v-washington Whether Dixie's trial counsel was prejudicially ineffective for failing to present evidence that Dixie suffered from paranoid schizophrenia, which wou…
18-8327 Robert Nathan Alm v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-03-07 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-2113 18-usc-924(c) 18-usc-924c bank-robbery categorical-approach court-of-appeals criminal-law federal-bank-robbery federal-crime intimidation legal-interpretation specific-intent statutory-construction statutory-interpretation sufficiency-of-the-evidence Can the courts of appeals define the crime of federal bank robbery differently for purposes of a sufficiency-of-the-evidence challenge than for a cate…
18-8302 Dominique Dontae Lasker v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-03-06 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-924(c) bank-robbery categorical-approach courts-of-appeals crime-of-violence criminal-law federal-bank-robbery federal-crime intimidation legal-definition specific-intent statutory-interpretation sufficiency-of-the-evidence Can the courts of appeals define the crime of federal bank robbery differently for purposes of a sufficiency-of-the-evidence challenge than for a cate…
18-8256 Mustafa Ahmad Naushad v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-03-04 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-2113 18-usc-924(c) bank-robbery categorical-approach courts-of-appeals criminal-law federal-bank-robbery judicial-discretion legal-definition specific-intent statutory-interpretation sufficiency-of-the-evidence violent-physical-force Can the courts of appeals define the crime of federal bank robbery differently for purposes of a sufficiency-of-the-evidence challenge than for a cate…
18-8068 Frankie Hill, Jr. v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-02-21 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-924 18-usc-924(c) bank-robbery categorical-approach circuit-split crime-of-violence criminal-law federal-bank-robbery federal-crime intimidation legal-interpretation specific-intent statutory-construction sufficiency-of-the-evidence Can the courts of appeals define the crime of federal bank robbery differently for purposes of a sufficiency-of-the-evidence challenge than for a cate…
18-7838 William Floyd Moore v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-02-07 Denied Response WaivedIFP armed-career-criminal-act bank-robbery crime-of-violence elements-clause general-intent intimidation specific-intent statutory-interpretation violent-felony Whether federal bank robbery under 18 U.S.C. § 2113(a) is a crime of violence under the elements clause of the Armed Career Criminal Act's violent fel…
18-7836 Michael Travis Moore v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-02-07 Denied Response WaivedIFP 18-usc-924(c)(3)(a) 18-usc-924c3a armed-bank-robbery bank-robbery crime-of-violence criminal-law elements-clause federal-crimes general-intent intimidation specific-intent statutory-interpretation Whether federal armed bank robbery by intimidation is not a crime of violence under the elements clause of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(3)(A) because the offens…
18-7427 Abdirahman Yasin Daud v. United States Eighth Circuit 2019-01-16 Denied Response WaivedIFP appellate-review criminal-procedure due-process harmless-error harmless-error-analysis jury-instruction jury-instructions jury-trial sixth-amendment specific-intent Whether the Court of Appeals' application of 'harmless error' analysis to an erroneous jury instruction violated the defendant's Sixth Amendment right…
18-7430 Mohamed Abdihamid Farah v. United States Eighth Circuit 2019-01-15 Denied Response WaivedIFP appellate-review criminal-procedure due-process harmless-error jury-instructions specific-intent trial-by-jury witness-credibility Whether the failure to include in jury instructions the required element of specific intent is subject to harmless error analysis where the element is…
18-7231 Mark J. Avery v. United States Ninth Circuit 2019-01-04 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-procedure due-process fair-trial good-faith good-faith-defense money-laundering specific-intent trust trustee-liability wire-fraud Where the defendant, trustee of a private trust charged with wire fraud and money laundering based on his non-disclosure and misspending involving tru…
18-6361 Bob Lee Jones v. United States Fourth Circuit 2018-10-17 Denied Response WaivedIFP due-process fair-trial harmless-error hearsay hearsay-exception involuntary-intoxication judicial-bias judicial-ethics present-sense-impression specific-intent standard-of-review Whether the District Court's demonstration of bias against the defense impeded the defendant's right to a fair trial
18-5993 Douglas Roy Burns v. Connie Horton, Warden Sixth Circuit 2018-09-14 Denied Response WaivedIFP criminal-law criminal-procedure due-process evidence jury-instructions mens-rea specific-intent Whether a state court must constitutionally recognize and allow a defense in the form of testimony and/or other relevant evidence which disproves the …
18-5036 Jerome Aristedes Martinez v. United States Fifth Circuit 2018-06-29 Denied IFP circuit-split criminal-law general-intent illegal-reentry immigration immigration-law mens-rea specific-intent statutory-interpretation supreme-court-precedent Whether attempted illegal reentry is a specific-intent crime or a general-intent crime