Recent Paid Petitions

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Case Title Lower Court Docketed Status Flags Tags Question Presented
25-960 Oregon, et al. v. Paul Maney, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-02-13 Pending corrections-leadership covid-19-response cruel-and-unusual-punishment eighth-amendment public-health-emergency qualified-immunity Whether the Eighth Amendment requires state corrections leadership to implement a 'reasonable' statewide response to a public-health emergency, and wh…
25-961 Peyman Roshan v. Christine M. Searle, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-02-13 Pending constitutional-challenge due-process federal-district-court rooker-feldman state-court-jurisdiction tax-sale Does a federal district court lack jurisdiction under the Rooker-Feldman doctrine where a state-court loser of a challenge of a tax sale of the loser'…
25-962 Republican National Committee, et al. v. Bette Eakin, et al. Third Circuit 2026-02-13 Pending anderson-burdick constitutional-law election-integrity mail-voting rational-basis voter-fraud Whether a non-discriminatory mail-voting rule imposing usual voting burdens is constitutional under rational-basis review
25-952 Brij Mohan, et al. v. Jordan Watkins Seventh Circuit 2026-02-11 Pending bivens-claim constitutional-violation deliberate-indifference eighth-amendment inmate-rights pretrial-detention Whether a Bivens claim can be brought for deliberate indifference to an inmate's chronic pain at a pretrial detention center under the Fifth and Eight…
25-953 Finesse Wireless LLC v. AT&T Mobility LLC, et al. Federal Circuit 2026-02-11 Pending credibility-determination expert-testimony federal-circuit judgment-as-matter-of-law jury-verdict patent-law Whether a purported inconsistency in the testimony of an expert witness is an issue of credibility for the jury to resolve or a basis for judgment as …
25-954 Seville Industries, L.L.C. v. Small Business Administration, et al. Fifth Circuit 2026-02-11 Pending independent-contractor loan-forgiveness payroll-costs ppp-loan sba-interpretation small-business Whether payments to independent contractors can be considered 'payroll costs' under the Paycheck Protection Program's statutory definition
25-955 Delmart Ejm Vreeland, III v. Colorado Department of Corrections, et al. Colorado 2026-02-11 Pending constitutional-review due-process fourteenth-amendment jurisdictional-defect merits-review procedural-bar Whether a State violates the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment when it limits a defendant's ability to raise meritorious claims and syste…
25-956 Veltor Underground, LLC v. Small Business Administration, et al. Sixth Circuit 2026-02-11 Pending covid-19-relief independent-contractors payroll-costs ppp-loan small-business statutory-interpretation Whether payments to independent contractors constitute 'payroll costs' under the Paycheck Protection Program for businesses with no W-2 employees
25-957 Baoming Chen v. Kristi Noem, Secretary of Homeland Security, et al. Second Circuit 2026-02-11 Pending None Question not identified.
25-958 George Sheetz v. County of El Dorado, California California 2026-02-11 Pending development-exaction impact-fee legislative-process permit-conditions rough-proportionality takings-clause Does the Takings Clause's protection against unconstitutional permit conditions encompass an evidentiary requirement by which the government must demo…
25-959 CareDx, Inc. v. Natera, Inc. Third Circuit 2026-02-11 Pending Response Waived advertising-campaign circuit-split consumer-deception false-advertising jury-inference lanham-act Whether a jury hearing a false advertising case under the Lanham Act should be barred from inferring consumer deception and reliance upon finding that…
25-947 Robert William Moss v. Shawn M. Latourette, Commissioner, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection New Jersey 2026-02-10 Pending 14th-amendment due-process entire-controversy-doctrine forest-management procedural-dismissal state-law Whether a state court must explain why a plaintiff should have previously raised a state law issue under the entire controversy doctrine
25-948 Upsolve, Inc., et al. v. Letitia James, Attorney General of New York Second Circuit 2026-02-10 Pending content-neutrality first-amendment legal-advice nonprofit-speech speech-restriction unauthorized-practice-of-law Is a law whose application is triggered by communicating about a particular topic nonetheless content-neutral so long as the law can be described as a…
25-949 John Doe, et al. v. X Corp., fka Twitter, Inc. Ninth Circuit 2026-02-10 Pending child-pornography civil-immunity good-samaritan internet-platform section-230 sex-trafficking Whether Section 230's Good Samaritan immunity applies to the knowing possession and distribution of child pornography and knowingly benefiting from a …
25-950 Mark Hartman v. Dave Yost, Attorney General of Ohio Sixth Circuit 2026-02-10 Pending appellate-review certificate-of-appealability confrontation-clause constitutional-error due-process sixth-amendment Whether the Sixth Circuit imposed an improper Certificate of Appealability (COA) standard when denying review of a Confrontation Clause violation
25-951 Morgan Banks, et al. v. David H. Hoffman, et al. District of Columbia 2026-02-10 Pending anti-slapp congressional-mandate d-c-council federal-rules home-rule-act superior-court May the D.C. Council impose the D.C. Anti-SLAPP Act's special-motion-to-dismiss procedures in Superior Court notwithstanding Congressional mandates re…
25-942 In Re Ronny Jackson, Individually and as U.S. Representative for Texas's 13th Congressional District, et al. 2026-02-09 Pending congressional-districts district-court jurisdictional-requirements mandamus statutory-interpretation three-judge-court Whether 28 U.S.C. § 2284(a) requires a district judge to request the convening of a three-judge district court whenever an action is filed challenging…
25-943 Antonio M. Smith v. John Kind, et al. Seventh Circuit 2026-02-09 Pending clearly-established-law constitutional-rights deliberate-indifference eighth-amendment government-official qualified-immunity When a government official acts in an obviously unconstitutional manner, is that sufficient for the violation to be clearly established, or is a viola…
25-944 Robinhood Markets, Inc., et al. v. Vinod Sodha, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-02-09 Pending interim-financial-data item-303 misleading-omissions regulation-s-k section-11 securities-act Whether an issuer violates Section 11(a)'s misleading-omissions prong by failing to disclose interim financial data without an inquiry into whether th…
25-945 Rod Warren, et al. v. Nucor Corporation Eighth Circuit 2026-02-09 Pending circuit-precedent mcdonnell-douglas procedural-impasse race-discrimination stare-decisis summary-judgment Whether the District Court's and the Eighth Circuit's focus on the isolated components of the McDonnell Douglas framework eviscerated the required sum…
25-946 In Re Haden Christian Yonce 2026-02-09 Pending ai-system-confession cognitive-architecture digital-cloning judicial-abandonment national-security-emergency writ-of-mandamus Whether a district court's complete failure to rule on motions and defendants' silence constitutes judicial abandonment warranting a Writ of Mandamus;…
25-925 Peter Malkin, et al. v. Virginia Shasha, et al. New York 2026-02-06 Pending arbitration-award circuit-split email-service federal-arbitration-act manifest-disregard service-of-process Is manifest disregard of the law a ground to vacate an arbitration award and if so, what does it mean?
25-929 Joseph Sheely, et al. v. Harold R. Feezle, et al. Sixth Circuit 2026-02-06 Pending Response Waived 6th-circuit appeal-bond appellate-procedure due-process equal-protection statutory-rights Whether a district court's imposition of an appeal bond that inhibits appellants' pursuit of their statutory right of appeal, contrary to F.R.A.P. 7, …
25-930 Pimlico, LLC v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue Second Circuit 2026-02-06 Pending None Question not identified.
25-931 BAS, LLC v. Tommy Land, in His Official Capacity as Commissioner of State Lands for the State of Arkansas Arkansas 2026-02-06 Pending fifth-amendment fourteenth-amendment just-compensation property-rights sovereign-immunity takings-clause Does a state's Fifth and Fourteenth Amendment obligation to pay just compensation waive sovereign immunity when it takes private property?
25-932 Dorothy Bivens v. ZEP, Inc. Sixth Circuit 2026-02-06 Pending circuit-split customer-harassment employment-discrimination negligence-standard title-vii workplace-harassment Whether the negligence standard that applies to Title VII workplace harassment by coworkers also applies to workplace harassment by customers
25-933 Daniel N. Arbeeny, as the Administrator for the Estate of Norman Arbeeny, et al. v. Andrew M. Cuomo, former Governor of New York, et al. Second Circuit 2026-02-06 Pending administrative-law constitutional-rights covid-directive nursing-home-deaths qualified-immunity state-actors Whether the Second Circuit erred in concluding that state officials could not have comprehended the potential rights violations in the COVID-19 nursin…
25-934 Gore and Associates Management Company, Inc. v. SLSCO Ltd., et al. First Circuit 2026-02-06 Pending 28-usc-1359 assignor-citizenship diversity-jurisdiction federal-court-procedure jurisdictional-dismissal subject-matter-jurisdiction Whether a federal court may dismiss a diversity action, years after filing, for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction based solely on the plaintiff's in…
25-935 United States v. Kevin LaMarcus Mitchell Fifth Circuit 2026-02-06 Pending constitutional-challenge controlled-substance criminal-conviction federal-statute firearm-possession second-amendment Whether 18 U.S.C. 922(g)(1) prohibiting firearm possession by persons with certain criminal convictions violates the Second Amendment as applied to de…
25-936 Nadarius Barnes v. United States Tenth Circuit 2026-02-06 Pending appeal-waiver circuit-split criminal-procedure guilty-plea legal-challenge unconditional-plea Whether, by entering a guilty plea, a defendant waives his right to appeal his conviction on the basis that the conduct admitted does not constitute t…
25-937 Linda Cabello Garcia v. United States Citizenship and Immigration Services, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-02-06 Pending None
25-938 James Garfield Broadnax v. Texas Texas 2026-02-06 Pending batson-violation constitutional-law equal-protection jury-selection peremptory-strikes race-discrimination Whether the State's consideration of race in striking prospective Black jurors violated the Equal Protection Clause under Batson v. Kentucky
25-939 James Garfield Broadnax v. Texas Texas 2026-02-06 Pending confrontation-clause due-process eighth-amendment equal-protection expert-testimony fourteenth-amendment Whether the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals erred in admitting racially inflammatory rap lyrics as evidence and in allowing testimonial out-of-court s…
25-940 Monib Zirvi v. Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld, LLP, et al. Third Circuit 2026-02-06 Pending bar-date circuit-court claim-preclusion due-process legal-precedent pleading-stage Whether the circuit court improperly determined the operative bar date for claim preclusion in conflict with prior Supreme Court and Third Circuit pre…
25-941 Nonna Y. Sorokina v. The College of New Jersey Third Circuit 2026-02-06 Pending actual-knowledge cat's-paw-theory employment-law pregnancy-discrimination prima-facie-case staub-standard Whether the Third Circuit Court of Appeals correctly held that a plaintiff asserting a claim under the Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA) must establi…
25-920 Louis Vargas, fka Louis Galynsky v. Vincent Rodriguez, et al. Fifth Circuit 2026-02-05 Pending civil-rights due-process peonage-claim pro-se-litigation supplemental-jurisdiction thirteenth-amendment Whether the Fifth Circuit erred in dismissing Petitioner's federal peonage claim and denying procedural due process rights for a pro se litigant
25-922 Jean Frantz Guillaume v. United States, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2026-02-05 Pending agency-enforcement constitutional-rights due-process shotgun-pleading statutory-interpretation subject-matter-jurisdiction Whether the Eleventh Circuit erred in dismissing claims for lack of subject matter jurisdiction and infringing on due process rights through procedura…
25-923 Mike Yoder, et al. v. Scott Bowen, Director, Michigan Department of Natural Resources Sixth Circuit 2026-02-05 Pending circuit-split drone-usage first-amendment information-gathering non-political-speech speech-creation Whether the First Amendment protects the means of acquiring or creating speech when the speech is non-political
25-924 Tessa Needham, et al. v. Merck & Company, Inc., et al. Fourth Circuit 2026-02-05 Pending administrative-law constitutional-law judicial-review presentment-clause res-judicata vaccine-compensation Whether the Fourth Circuit erred in finding res judicata effect for special masters' findings in Vaccine Injury Compensation Plan claims and in uphold…
25-926 Alexander Keely v. Pennsylvania Board of Law Examiners Pennsylvania 2026-02-05 Pending due-process equal-protection fourteenth-amendment law-school-accreditation professional-licensing racial-discrimination Whether Pennsylvania's ABA law school accreditation monopoly violates the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause and Due Process protections
25-927 Richard Lowery v. Lillian Mills, Dean of the McCombs School of Business at the University of Texas at Austin, et al. Fifth Circuit 2026-02-05 Pending civil-rights employer-threats first-amendment public-employee reasonable-employee retaliation Whether a public employer's threats against an employee can suffice to establish a First Amendment retaliation claim, if those threats would dissuade …
25-928 Joseph Habib Goro v. Wassen Kanouno, fka Wassen Goro Pennsylvania 2026-02-05 Pending divorce-settlement equitable-distribution financial-disclosure marital-assets property-division spousal-support Does the Respondent have a right to 50% of Petitioner's finances after hiding her own finances and being absent for a greater portion of the marriage?
25-898 William Muhr v. Kristin Lee, aka Kristin Ellias Colorado 2026-02-04 Pending district-map equal-protection racial-gerrymandering section-2 standing voting-rights-act Whether a voter who is moved into a new district and a legislator whose district is reconfigured by a court-drawn remedial map have standing to challe…
25-914 Chris Pable v. Chicago Transit Authority, et al. Seventh Circuit 2026-02-04 Pending Response Waived court-procedure generative-ai judicial-review legal-precedent standard-of-deference supreme-court-review Whether a standard of deference is appropriate when a reviewing opinion demonstrates a lack of familiarity with the case and potentially sidesteps Sup…
25-915 Robert J. Murphy v. Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, et al. Third Circuit 2026-02-04 Pending attorney-suspension constitutional-rights court-jurisdiction due-process legal-ethics reciprocal-discipline Whether the Third Circuit Court of Appeals can impose reciprocal discipline on an attorney based on a Pennsylvania Supreme Court suspension without du…
25-916 OCA - Greater Houston v. Ken Paxton, Attorney General of Texas, et al. Fifth Circuit 2026-02-04 Pending Response Waived disability-assistance election-law mail-voting statutory-interpretation voter-support voting-rights Whether Texas's prohibition on compensating individuals who assist voters with disabilities or limited English proficiency violates Section 208 of the…
25-917 Aaron Abadi v. Anthony Stephen Fauci, et al. Second Circuit 2026-02-04 Pending air-carrier-access-act alexander-v-sandoval canon-v-university-of-chicago disability-discrimination private-right-of-action statutory-interpretation Whether the Air Carrier Access Act creates an implied private right of action for individuals with disabilities against air carriers
25-918 Jose A. Trevino, et al. v. Steven Hobbs, Secretary of State of Washington, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-02-04 Pending district-reconfiguration equal-protection racial-gerrymandering section-2-liability standing voting-rights-act Whether a voter who is moved into a new district and a legislator whose district is reconfigured by a court-drawn remedial map have standing to challe…
25-919 Union Carbide Corporation, et al. v. Lee Ann Sommerville Fourth Circuit 2026-02-04 Pending admissibility burden-of-proof evidentiary-standard expert-witness federal-rules-of-evidence judicial-circuit-split Whether, under Federal Rule of Evidence 702, challenges to the factual basis of an expert witness's testimony always go to the weight of the evidence …
25-921 Malcolm Wilson v. Angelita Castaneda Seventh Circuit 2026-02-04 Pending due-process inmate-rights prison-disciplinary-board procedural-fairness restitution-sanction trust-account Whether due process requires a prison disciplinary board to provide 'some evidence' of the amount of actual or estimated loss caused by an inmate's ac…
25-900 Global Marine Exploration, Inc. v. Republic of France, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2026-02-03 Pending admiralty-law constitutional-avoidance party-presentation salvage-rights statutory-interpretation sunken-military-craft Whether the Sunken Military Craft Act bars all admiralty salvage claims or only in rem claims directed at the res, and whether the party presentation …
25-909 Meta Platforms, Inc., et al. v. Vermont Vermont 2026-02-03 Pending Response Waived due-process internet-business minimum-contacts personal-jurisdiction purposeful-availment specific-jurisdiction Whether a plaintiff may establish specific jurisdiction over a non-resident defendant based on its forum-agnostic 'business model,' or whether the pla…
25-910 MEI-GSR Holdings, LLC, et al. v. Second Judicial District Court of Nevada, Washoe County, et al. Nevada 2026-02-03 Pending civil-contempt contempt criminal-contempt due-process fourteenth-amendment receiver-restitution Whether an order directing a flat, unconditional restitution payment to a receiver constitutes civil or criminal contempt under due process
25-911 Laura Gaddy, et al. v. The Corporation of the President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints Tenth Circuit 2026-02-03 Pending Response Waived first-amendment institutional-fraud mail-fraud religious-organization rico wire-fraud Does the First Amendment bar application of the federal mail and wire fraud statutes, as RICO predicates, to a religious organization's intentional co…
25-912 InComm Financial Services, Inc. v. Superior Court of California, City and County of San Francisco, et al. California 2026-02-03 Pending civil-procedure defendant-conduct forum-directed-conduct personal-jurisdiction product-defect specific-jurisdiction Whether a plaintiff's claim 'relates to' a defendant's forum-directed conduct merely by alleging defects in a product the defendant sold in the forum,…
25-913 Keegan L. Lovell v. United States Armed Forces 2026-02-03 Pending court-martial criminal-solicitation criminal-statute military-justice statutory-interpretation ucmj-jurisdiction Where a federal criminal statute for solicitation requires the person solicited to fall within a narrow class, can a conviction be sustained if the pe…
25-902 Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation v. Robert F. Kennedy, Secretary of Health and Human Services, et al. Third Circuit 2026-02-02 Pending anti-injunction-act civil-penalty drug-price-negotiation excessive-fines-clause fifth-amendment first-amendment Whether the Anti-Injunction Act bars judicial review of a civil penalty labeled as a tax when the penalty is effectively unpayable, whether the Drug P…
25-903 Sandra J. Bezanson, as Executor of the Estate of Dennis G. Bezanson v. Exeter Hospital, Inc. New Hampshire 2026-02-02 Pending administrative-error court-system due-process electronic-filing fourteenth-amendment procedural-due-process Whether the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment permits a state supreme court to forfeit a litigant's rights based on an administrative fai…
25-904 La Union del Pueblo Entero v. Ken Paxton, Attorney General of Texas, et al. Fifth Circuit 2026-02-02 Pending Response Waived disability-rights election-law mail-ballot preemption voter-assistance voting-rights Whether Section 208 of the Voting Rights Act preempts a Texas state law that prohibits eligible voters from compensating their chosen ballot assisters…
25-905 Andrew J. Johnston v. United States Seventh Circuit 2026-02-02 Pending Response RequestedResponse Waived appellate-review criminal-procedure final-sentence motion-denial sentence-reduction sentencing-factors Whether an appeal from an order partially denying a Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 35(b) motion for sentence reduction is an appeal from an 'other…
25-906 E. D., a Minor, By Her Parent and Next Friend, Lisa Duell, et al. v. Noblesville School District, et al. Seventh Circuit 2026-02-02 Pending first-amendment free-expression hazelwood-standard school-censorship student-clubs student-speech Whether Hazelwood applies when student speech might be erroneously attributed to the school, in the context of student-led clubs and flyer distributio…
25-907 Gerard Patrick Matthews v. Pamela Bondi, Attorney General Second Circuit 2026-02-02 Pending None
25-908 The Glynn Environmental Coalition, Inc., et al. v. Sea Island Acquisition, LLC Eleventh Circuit 2026-02-02 Pending administrative-appeal citizen-suit clean-water-act federal-court jurisdictional-determination permit-waiver Is a Clean Water Act permittee's waiver of 'any challenge' to the jurisdictional status of a wetland 'in any Federal court' limited to government suit…
25-897 Ronald Smith v. Hunter Saenz, et al. Fifth Circuit 2026-01-30 Pending Response Waived None Question not identified.
25-899 Donald J. Trump, President of the United States, et al. v. O. Doe, et al. First Circuit 2026-01-30 Pending citizenship-clause constitutional-interpretation executive-order fourteenth-amendment immigration-law statutory-construction Whether President Trump's Executive Order No. 14,160 complies with the Fourteenth Amendment's Citizenship Clause and 8 U.S.C. 1401(a)
25-901 Benancio Garcia, III v. Steven Hobbs, Secretary of State of Washington, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-01-30 Pending appellate-review equal-protection judicial-remedy legislative-districts mootness racial-gerrymandering Whether a plaintiff's Equal Protection Clause racial gerrymandering claim is rendered moot when the challenged legislative district is replaced in a d…
25-887 Sauer West LLC, et al. v. United States Federal Circuit 2026-01-29 Pending administrative-law interim-trail-use physical-taking property-rights surface-transportation-board trails-act Whether the Surface Transportation Board's issuance of a Notice of Interim Trail Use and accompanying authorization of recreational trail use triggers…
25-888 Anoka Hennepin Education Minnesota, (American Federation of Teachers Local 7007) v. Don Huizenga, et al. Eighth Circuit 2026-01-29 Pending appellate-review article-iii constitutional-standing judicial-exception municipal-funds taxpayer-standing Should the Court repudiate the municipal-taxpayer exception to the general rule against taxpayer standing, and if such an exception exists, must a mun…
25-889 G. G. v. Allegheny County Office of Children, Youth and Families Pennsylvania 2026-01-29 Pending administrative-law constitutional-rights due-process family-law judicial-review statutory-interpretation Did the court exceed their authority by affirming the concerning practice of agencies and courts acting outside their own statutory laws, when determi…
25-890 Arkansas United, et al. v. John Thurston, in His Official Capacity as the Secretary of State of Arkansas et al. Eighth Circuit 2026-01-29 Pending declaratory-relief injunctive-relief preemption private-plaintiffs state-actors voting-rights-act Whether private plaintiffs may maintain a suit in equity for declaratory and injunctive relief against state actors to prevent the continued enforceme…
25-891 Andrew Burgess Gregg v. Colorado Colorado 2026-01-29 Pending Response Waived None Question not identified.
25-892 Robert James Cornett v. United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan Sixth Circuit 2026-01-29 Pending Response Waived court-of-appeals judicial-procedure mandamus petition-for-rehearing procedural-due-process supreme-court-rules Whether a court of appeals may refuse to accept a timely petition for panel rehearing by clerk correspondence rather than judicial order, contrary to …
25-893 Robert V. Smith v. Jay A. Odom, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2026-01-29 Pending false-claims-act fraud-prevention original-source public-disclosure statutory-interpretation whistleblower Whether the requirement in 31 U.S.C. § 3730 (e)(4)(B) that a relator have 'knowledge that is independent of and materially adds to the publicly disclo…
25-894 Abiel Brathwaite v. Anthony Georgiades, Police Officer, Maryland Transportation Authority, et al. Fourth Circuit 2026-01-29 Pending civil-rights fourth-amendment pleading-standards pro-se-litigation probable-cause section-1983 Whether a district court violates pleading standards by sua sponte inferring probable cause against a pro se plaintiff at the motion to dismiss stage
25-895 Lee Michael Pederson v. Securities and Exchange Commission Eighth Circuit 2026-01-29 Pending Response Waived administrative-review circuit-split due-process judicial-review sec-regulations standard-of-review Whether a court may deem a standard of review argument waived despite circuit split, substitute its own determination in an administrative review, int…
25-896 Michael J. House v. General Electric Company, et al. Federal Circuit 2026-01-29 Pending Response Waived civil-rights constitutional-law due-process patent-infringement seventh-amendment trial-by-jury Whether the Supreme Court will preserve the 7th Amendment right to trial by jury in a civil case involving patent infringement and constitutional righ…
25-885 United States v. Donte J. Carter District of Columbia 2026-01-28 Pending constitutional-rights due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement racial-profiling seizure Whether perceptions of law enforcement that a court attributes to a particular racial group are a relevant factor in the Fourth Amendment analysis of …
25-886 Kenneth Genalo, Director of the New York Field Office of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, et al. v. Carol Williams Black, et al. Second Circuit 2026-01-28 Pending None
25-881 Christopher Hadsell v. Catherine Isham California 2026-01-23 Pending constitutional-challenge court-access due-process fundamental-rights judicial-procedure vexatious-litigant Whether States' Vexatious-Litigant Laws, specifically California's Vexatious-Litigant Law, are unconstitutional facial and as-applied challenges to fu…
25-883 James Thomas Ford v. Florida Florida 2026-01-23 Pending Response Waived due-process fourteenth-amendment human-trafficking jury-trial prosecutorial-discretion vindictive-prosecution Does a prosecutor engage in vindictive prosecution in violation of the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment where she amends criminal charge…
25-884 Dontae Terrell Moore v. Texas Texas 2026-01-23 Pending Response RequestedResponse Waived criminal-procedure false-testimony habeas-corpus materiality-standard prosecutorial-misconduct texas-criminal-appeals Whether the Court should grant certiorari, vacate the TCCA's judgment, and remand to apply the correct 'materiality' standard for false and misleading…
25-871 Glenn Allen Brooks v. United States District of Columbia 2026-01-22 Pending Response Waived appellate-rights burdick-precedent criminal-procedure due-process fifth-amendment presidential-pardon Whether a Presidential pardon can be forcibly imposed on a defendant against his will when he seeks to continue pursuing appellate review and exonerat…
25-874 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc. v. Narguess Noohi, Individually and on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated Ninth Circuit 2026-01-22 Pending civil-procedure class-certification daubert-standard evidentiary-standards expert-testimony federal-rules-of-evidence Whether expert testimony must be admissible under Federal Rule of Evidence 702 and the framework enunciated in Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals,…
25-875 Fort Bend Independent School District v. Ken Paxton, Attorney General of Texas Texas 2026-01-22 Pending cell-phone-logs confidential-records fourth-amendment government-disclosure privacy-rights public-records Does compelled disclosure of public employees' personal cell phone call logs under state law violate federal law when the government cannot segregate …
25-876 Dan Giurca v. Montefiore Health System, Inc., et al. Second Circuit 2026-01-22 Pending Response Waived circuit-split discovery-misconduct fraud-on-court judicial-integrity rule-60 voluntary-dismissal Whether the Second Circuit's restrictive interpretation of 'fraud on the court' under Rule 60(d)(3) creates an untenable circuit split and contravenes…
25-877 Jeffrey Steven Clay v. United States Tenth Circuit 2026-01-22 Pending Response Waived appellate-review circuit-court criminal-conviction judicial-error legal-review tenth-circuit Whether the Tenth Circuit erred when they affirmed Clay's conviction
25-878 Todd Jeffrey Rogers v. Ohio Ohio 2026-01-22 Pending constitutional-right impartial-jury ineffective-assistance juror-bias rehabilitation voir-dire Whether a prospective juror who admitted bias can be rehabilitated through silence or group answers in response to group questions
25-879 American Gas Association, et al. v. Department of Energy, et al. District of Columbia 2026-01-22 Pending administrative-law agency-deference appliance-standards energy-policy performance-characteristics statutory-interpretation Whether courts may defer to an agency's legal interpretation of a statute despite the Supreme Court's holding in Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo,…
25-880 In Re Roy Dixon, et ux. 2026-01-22 Pending Response Waived civil-rights due-process fifth-amendment foreclosure fourteenth-amendment mandamus Whether a writ of mandamus should issue directing the 15th Judicial Circuit Court to vacate a fraudulent foreclosure judgment issued without trial and…
25-882 Andrew D. Parker, et al. v. Bill Gates, as a Member of the Maricopa County Board of Supervisors, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-01-22 Pending district-court-discretion election-litigation first-amendment legal-procedure political-speech rule-11-sanctions May a district court sanction attorneys to 'send a message' not to file politically disfavored lawsuits?
25-864 Daniel Otu v. Anita Whyte-Otu Georgia 2026-01-21 Pending constitutional-rights due-process equal-protection fourteenth-amendment protective-order void-for-vagueness Does a court of law violate the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause when the issuance of a permanent protective order relies on an allegedly une…
25-865 Perles Law Firm, P.C. v. Qatar National Bank, et al. District of Columbia 2026-01-21 Pending Response Waived circuit-split discovery-application foreign-tribunal forum-shopping protective-order section-1782 Whether a district court may grant an application under 28 U.S.C. § 1782 when it would amount to a modification of a binding protective order issued b…
25-866 Charles Wright v. Monica Marie Wright Michigan 2026-01-21 Pending brady-violation constitutional-claims due-process exculpatory-evidence fourteenth-amendment judicial-misconduct Whether a state court's destruction and suppression of exculpatory evidence violates a litigant's due-process rights under Brady v. Maryland and Moone…
25-867 Joseph Walters, Director, Virginia Department of Corrections v. Christopher Coleman Fourth Circuit 2026-01-21 Pending aedpa de-novo-review fourth-circuit habeas-corpus party-presentation state-court-judgment Whether the Fourth Circuit violated the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (AEDPA) and the party-presentation principle by granting habeas …
25-868 Brandon Hughes v. National Football League Second Circuit 2026-01-21 Pending Response Waived consumer-rights data-disclosure personally-identifiable-information statutory-interpretation video-privacy-protection-act video-service-provider Whether information identifying a person's video viewing history to a specific recipient constitutes 'personally identifiable information' under the V…
25-869 James T. Weiss v. United States Seventh Circuit 2026-01-21 Pending Response Waived custodial-interrogation detention-scope due-process law-enforcement-authority miranda-warnings search-warrant Whether police officers executing a search warrant must provide Miranda warnings during a detention and what criteria determine when such a detention …
25-870 In Re Delmart Vreeland 2026-01-21 Pending constitutional-violations fabricated-evidence habeas-corpus jurisdiction state-prisoner writ-of-certiorari Whether this Court's power to issue a writ of habeas corpus should be exercised when a state prisoner is confined by a court without jurisdiction and …
25-872 Kimberly LaFave, et al. v. Fairfax County, Virginia, et al. Fourth Circuit 2026-01-21 Pending Response Waived constitutional-challenge firearm-restriction public-parks second-amendment self-defense sensitive-places Whether the Fourth Circuit correctly upheld Fairfax County's public park firearm ban based on the presence of four preschool programs across 420 parks
25-873 Thomas Bryon Cattell v. Victoria Deeks, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-01-21 Pending None Question not identified.
25-856 William King, Individually and on Behalf of Others Similarly Situated as a Class, et al. v. United States Federal Circuit 2026-01-20 Pending government-authorization monetary-rights pension-appropriation property-interest takings-clause vested-pension Under the Takings Clause, does a per se rule apply when a government authorizes one private party to appropriate another party's vested right to payme…
25-857 Joshua Yarbrough, et al. v. SlashSupport, Incorporated, et al. Fifth Circuit 2026-01-20 Pending Response Waived circumstantial-evidence civil-rights employment-discrimination judicial-doctrine stray-remarks summary-judgment Whether discriminatory remarks categorized as stray under a judicial doctrine may be excluded from the mix of circumstantial evidence of discriminatio…
25-858 Charlotte Chemuti v. North Carolina North Carolina 2026-01-20 Pending ancillary-proceeding criminal-defendant evidence-production law-enforcement-videos pennsylvania-v-ritchie trial-procedure Whether a state may prohibit a criminal defendant from compelling the production of law enforcement videos at trial where the state has established an…
25-859 Chelesy Eastep, as Surviving Spouse and Next of Kin of Landon Dwayne Eastep v. Steven Carrick, et al. Sixth Circuit 2026-01-20 Pending Response Waived deadly-force excessive-force fourth-amendment graham-v-connor qualified-immunity reasonableness-standard Whether police officers' own creation of a dangerous situation prior to using deadly force factors into the Fourth Amendment's 'totality of the circum…
25-860 ThermoLife International LLC, et al. v. BPI Sports, LLC Federal Circuit 2026-01-20 Pending appellate-review bad-faith civil-procedure court-conflict inherent-authority sanctions Whether an imposition of sanctions against a party under a court's inherent authority can be upheld by merely reciting 'bad faith' when courts conflic…
25-861 Minnesota Chapter of Associated Builders and Contractors, et al. v. Keith M. Ellison, Attorney General of Minnesota, et al. Eighth Circuit 2026-01-20 Pending Response Waived constitutional-rights enforcement-authority federal-court-review first-amendment judicial-precedent state-law Whether state officials may disclaim enforcement authority over a law to avoid federal court review of the law's constitutionality
25-862 Michael Jerome Newberry v. Texas Texas 2026-01-20 Pending brady-violation capital-murder due-process habeas-corpus prosecutorial-misconduct state-court-review Where the Petitioner, the State, and the habeas court all agree that a conviction is unconstitutional and must be reversed, does it violate due proces…
25-863 G'Ante Butler v. United States Tenth Circuit 2026-01-20 Pending Response Waived assault-definition circuit-split criminal-procedure federal-criminal-law officer-safety statutory-interpretation Whether 18 U.S.C. § 111(b) is violated only by forcibly assaulting a federal officer, or may be violated by forcibly resisting, opposing, impeding, in…
25-850 California Crane School, Inc. v. Google LLC, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-01-16 Pending Response Waived antitrust-violations arbitration-clause discovery-rights market-division ninth-circuit pleading-standards Whether the Ninth Circuit has ignored this Court's well-established standards regarding per se antitrust violations and misapplied pleading standards …
25-851 Ashley Grayson v. United States Sixth Circuit 2026-01-16 Pending circuit-split clean-hands-doctrine exclusionary-rule statutory-interpretation title-iii wiretap-law Whether Section 2515's exclusionary rule contains an unwritten clean-hands exception
25-852 Kimberly Edelstein v. Eliott Edelstein Ohio 2026-01-16 Pending civil-rights fourteenth-amendment judicial-notice property-interest state-law supremacy-clause Did the state court err and violate the Supremacy Clause and Petitioner's Fourteenth Amendment rights in reclassifying a federal civil rights verdict …
25-853 United Services Automobile Association v. PNC Bank N.A. Federal Circuit 2026-01-16 Pending Response RequestedResponse Waived abstract-idea alice-framework federal-circuit patent-eligibility section-101 technological-process Whether the Federal Circuit has wrongly extended the prohibition on patenting an 'abstract idea' to prohibit patenting concrete technological processe…
25-854 Adam Holley v. Benjamin M. Lepak, in His Official Capacity as Oklahoma Secretary of State, et al. Tenth Circuit 2026-01-16 Pending ballot-access constitutional-rights elections-clause eleventh-amendment primary-election state-action Whether a State may enact election laws that make success in a State-run party primary a mandatory prerequisite to appearing on the November general-e…
25-855 The Visionary, Books + Cafe, LLC v. Bank OZK Eleventh Circuit 2026-01-16 Pending Amici (1)Response Waived arbitral-award contract-interpretation federal-arbitration-act judicial-review party-presentation-principle sua-sponte-grounds Whether a court must examine arbitral authority under 9 U.S.C. §10(a)(4) when an arbitrator interprets a contract
25-835 Jean-Francois Rigollet v. Le Macaron Development, LLC Florida 2026-01-15 Pending appellate-review due-process fourteenth-amendment judicial-contradiction procedural-exclusion summary-judgment Does a state trial court violate the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment when it enters final summary judgment without holding the announce…
25-836 Rockland County, New York, et al. v. New York, et al. New York 2026-01-15 Pending Response Waived county-administration due-process election-law equal-protection fourteenth-amendment voting-rights Whether New York's Even Year Election Law violates the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment by selectively restructuri…
25-837 Faraday Hosseinipour v. United States Sixth Circuit 2026-01-15 Pending Response Waived conspiracy intent-to-defraud mail-fraud pyramid-scheme securities-fraud sixth-circuit Whether the Government can establish a pyramid scheme by shortcutting its burden of proving conspiracy elements and intent to defraud, and whether jur…
25-838 Joseph Heid v. Mark Rutkoski, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2026-01-15 Pending brady-violation civil-rights evidence-suppression excessive-force franks-challenge qualified-immunity Whether the Eleventh Circuit improperly reversed a district court's denial of qualified immunity by relying on potentially false or suppressed evidenc…
25-839 Nicholas Fugedi, in His Official Capacity as Trustee of Carb Pura Vida Trust v. Initram, Incorporated, et al. Fifth Circuit 2026-01-15 Pending Response Waived diversity-jurisdiction federal-jurisdiction fraudulent-joinder jurisdictional-standard misjoinder statutory-interpretation Whether the proper standard to be applied by a court determining if diversity jurisdiction has been improperly manufactured is the motive test or the …
25-840 International Partners for Ethical Care, Inc., et al. v. Bob Ferguson, Governor of Washington, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-01-15 Pending article-iii-standing child-welfare fundamental-liberty-interest gender-transition judicial-standing parental-rights Whether parents have standing to challenge a law or policy that deliberately displaces their decision making role as to 'gender transitions' of their …
25-841 Henry Troy Wade v. United States Eleventh Circuit 2026-01-15 Pending Response Waived brady-violation constitutional-procedure due-process grand-jury sixth-amendment wire-fraud Whether a conviction under 18 U.S.C. §1343 must be vacated where the Government obtained a verdict under a theory materially broader than the indictme…
25-842 Tamer S. Wassily, et al. v. Pamela Bondi, Attorney General Second Circuit 2026-01-15 Pending None
25-843 Disability Rights New York v. New York State Department of Health, et al. Second Circuit 2026-01-15 Pending Response Waived article-iii-standing disability-rights federal-jurisdiction individual-rights protection-and-advocacy statutory-interpretation Whether a Protection & Advocacy System has Article III standing to bring a lawsuit on behalf of individuals with disabilities
25-844 Chicago Wine Company, et al. v. Mike Braun, Governor of Indiana, et al. Seventh Circuit 2026-01-15 Pending alcohol-regulation commerce-clause constitutional-law interstate-commerce physical-presence twenty-first-amendment Whether a physical-presence requirement that forbids out-of-state retailers from shipping alcohol directly to in-state consumers unless they establish…
25-845 Greg Abbott, in His Official Capacity as Governor of Texas, et al., Appellants v. League of United Latin American Citizens, et al. Texas 2026-01-15 Pending None
25-846 Reed Christensen v. Department of Justice, et al. Eighth Circuit 2026-01-15 Pending Response Waived amendment-violations constitutional-rights declaratory-judgment eighth-circuit federal-jurisdiction jan6-misconduct Did the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals err in determining federal district court jurisdiction over alleged Jan6 officer misconduct, and will the Supr…
25-847 Alabama v. Brandon Dewayne Sykes Alabama 2026-01-15 Pending constitutional-law criminal-procedure due-process griffin-error prosecutorial-comment self-incrimination Whether courts must reverse for Griffin error without examining a prosecutor's comment in context and without finding prejudice
25-848 Alabama v. Michael Anthony Powell Alabama 2026-01-15 Pending constitutional-procedure context-analysis griffin-error prejudice-standard prosecutorial-comment self-incrimination Whether courts must reverse for Griffin error without examining a prosecutor's comment in context and without finding prejudice
25-849 United States Conference of Catholic Bishops v. David O'Connell District of Columbia 2026-01-15 Pending Amici (1)Response RequestedResponse Waived church-autonomy constitutional-claims legal-defense neutral-principles religious-offering state-power Whether church autonomy provides a structural limit on state power that protects churches from the burdens of litigating unconstitutional claims; Whet…
25-833 Duane Letroy Berry v. United States Fourth Circuit 2026-01-14 Pending Amici (1)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) civil-commitment congressional-power constitutional-limits criminal-procedure due-process federal-custody Whether 18 U.S.C. § 4246(a) exceeds the constitutional limits of Congress's powers insofar as it permits the federal government to civilly commit a pe…
25-834 Erie Indemnity Company v. Troy Stephenson, et al. Third Circuit 2026-01-14 Pending claim-preclusion final-judgment issue-preclusion legal-theory ongoing-conduct res-judicata When a plaintiff challenges the same ongoing, continuing conduct that was fully adjudicated in an earlier suit, does the mere passage of time foreclos…
25-823 William King Moss, III v. Sachem Central Board of Education, et al. Second Circuit 2026-01-13 Pending civil-rights discrimination-pleading equal-protection rule-8 section-1981 title-vii Whether a federal court may dismiss a discrimination complaint at the pleading stage by crediting only the plaintiffs alternative theory of unlawful c…
25-824 Tony Moody v. Ohio Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services Ohio 2026-01-13 Pending antidiscrimination-law burden-shifting due-process employment-retaliation equal-protection statutory-safeguards Whether the cumulative errors in applying established antiretaliation standards have deprived Petitioner of constitutional due process and equal prote…
25-825 Katharina Katja Isabel Meier, Individually and as Next Friend of Her Minor Child N. B. M. v. Aspen Academy, et al. Tenth Circuit 2026-01-13 Pending Response Waived appellate-review civil-procedure discovery-stay district-court pleading-stage summary-dismissal Whether a district court may categorically stay all discovery at the pleading stage and dismiss a civil action on a closed record where adjudication o…
25-826 Lesly Pompy v. Lieutenant Marc Moore, MANTIS, et al. Sixth Circuit 2026-01-13 Pending Response Waived bivens-action constitutional-tort fourth-amendment home-entry qualified-immunity warrantless-search Whether a warrantless, post-warrant home entry conducted hours after the original warrant was executed and without judicial authorization falls within…
25-827 Joseph Leslie McClory v. Scott Hobbs California 2026-01-13 Pending appellant-rights form-deficiency judicial-council record-on-appeal rule-making state-court If a rule-making arm of a state court system approves a form for use, should an appellant be penalized or forfeit rights if the form is deficient
25-828 The GEO Group, Inc., a Florida Corporation v. Ugochukwu Nwauzor, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-01-13 Pending federal-preemption immigration-detention intergovernmental-immunity minimum-wage supremacy-clause work-program Whether the Supremacy Clause allows a state to reclassify federal immigration detainees participating in a federal work program as employees and there…
25-829 Matt Martorello v. Lula Williams, et al. Fourth Circuit 2026-01-13 Pending Response Waived civil-liability indian-commerce-clause internet-contract rico-act state-regulation tribal-lending Whether the Indian Commerce Clause preempts state regulation of loans made on an Indian reservation by a tribal lender via internet, and whether a RIC…
25-830 Adam Kanuszewski, et al. v. Sandip Shah, et al. Sixth Circuit 2026-01-13 Pending Response Waived article-iii fourth-amendment genetic-privacy informed-consent merits-precedent mootness Whether a court of appeals may issue binding merits precedent on constitutional claims after those claims have become moot during appeal, and whether …
25-831 C. S., by Her Next Friend, Adam Stroub v. Craig McCrumb, et al. Sixth Circuit 2026-01-13 Pending disruption-test first-amendment free-speech school-regulation student-speech tinker-standard Is post hoc speculation about emotional harm that speech could cause to other students insufficient to meet Tinker's 'substantial disruption' standard…
25-832 Bonnie Michelle Smith v. Shirley Smith Georgia 2026-01-13 Pending constitutional-law judicial-activism legislative-interpretation policy-making rule-of-law separation-of-powers Does judicial activism violate the separation of powers and improperly transform the Court into a super legislature?
25-818 Terrell Anthony Hargrove v. Ian Healy, Warden Sixth Circuit 2026-01-12 Pending Amici (1) circuit-split first-step-act incarceration-reduction statutory-interpretation supervised-release time-credits Whether 'time credits' under 18 U.S.C. § 3632(d)(4)(C) may be applied to reduce an individual's term of supervised release
25-819 Jeanne Hedgepeth v. James A. Britton, et al. Seventh Circuit 2026-01-12 Pending Amici (2)Response RequestedResponse Waived first-amendment free-speech pickering-balancing-test political-speech public-employee viewpoint-discrimination Whether and in what circumstances public employers may discipline employees based on their expression of controversial views while off the job
25-820 Comcast Cable Communications, LLC v. WhereverTV, Inc. Federal Circuit 2026-01-12 Pending Amici (1)Response Waived appellate-procedure circuit-split jurisdictional-issue party-presentation sua-sponte waiver Whether a court of appeals may override the principle of party presentation by deciding sua sponte a non jurisdictional issue that a party deliberatel…
25-821 Michael Dewayne Lairy v. United States Seventh Circuit 2026-01-12 Pending actual-innocence armed-career-criminal-act circuit-split habeas-corpus procedural-bar sentencing-enhancement Whether an individual who did not commit the qualifying predicate offenses required to trigger the Armed Career Criminal Act's 15-year mandatory minim…
25-822 Thomas DeCola v. Indiana Indiana 2026-01-12 Pending Response Waived bill-of-rights constitutional-claims fourteenth-amendment legal-estoppel section-1983 state-liability Whether 42 U.S.C. § 1983 provides congressional consent for asserting individual rights acknowledged in the Bill of Rights and Fourteenth Amendment in…
25-808 James E. McNair v. K. Johnson Eleventh Circuit 2026-01-09 Pending Response RequestedResponse Waived bad-faith circuit-split federal-courts inherent-authority judicial-sanctions legal-procedure Whether federal courts have the power to issue sanctions under their inherent authority without first finding 'bad faith' and whether they can issue s…
25-809 Perfection Bakeries, Inc. v. Retail Wholesale and Department Store International Union and Industry Pension Fund Eleventh Circuit 2026-01-09 Pending Amici (1) allocable-amount circuit-split multiemployer-plan pension-benefit-guaranty-corporation statutory-interpretation withdrawal-liability Whether 29 U.S.C. §1386(b)(1) requires a multiemployer plan to calculate withdrawal liability by reducing the amount in a subsequent plan year or appl…
25-810 John W. Fink v. Kaydon A. Stanzione, et al. Third Circuit 2026-01-09 Pending Response Waived appellate-review constitutional-rights court-of-appeals due-process judicial-misconduct petition-for-certiorari Does the Third Circuit's affirmation of district court decisions involving alleged judicial misconduct warrant Supreme Court review for potential due …
25-811 Matthew Lee Sepulveda v. United States Fifth Circuit 2026-01-09 Pending Response Waived certificate-of-appealability circuit-court-precedent federal-appellate-procedure habeas-corpus jurisdictional-issue statutory-interpretation Does the Supreme Court's ruling that 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(3) is nonjurisdictional in nature overrule the Fifth Circuit's jurisprudence?
25-812 James Greiner v. Tesla, Inc. Ninth Circuit 2026-01-09 Pending Response Waived arbitration-clause breach-of-contract consideration due-process prenuptial-agreement private-right-of-action Whether a prenuptial agreement and arbitration clause can be enforced when the plaintiff alleges the arbitration process denied fundamental rights to …
25-813 Kim Bogardus v. City of Yakima, Washington Washington 2026-01-09 Pending americans-with-disabilities-act credibility-determination disability-claims judicial-estoppel social-security-disability summary-judgment Whether the 'sufficient explanation' requirement under Cleveland allows reconciliation through textual or contextual evidence in SSDI and ADA disabili…
25-814 Assata Acey Hackman v. Inductev Third Circuit 2026-01-09 Pending Response Waived appellate-jurisdiction constitutional-review evidence-review judicial-procedure pro-se supreme-court-oversight Does the oversight of the US Supreme Court permit its lower courts to ignore submitted evidence in order to refuse pro se petitions?
25-815 Siddharth Kode v. Joseph Pargin, et al. Fifth Circuit 2026-01-09 Pending contract-discrimination post-formation precedent-interpretation retaliation-claims statute-of-limitations time-barred Whether a court's ruling that §1981 postformation claims are time-barred because of its application of 2Y-SoL rather than 4Y-SoL constitutes reversibl…
25-816 Kenneth R. Spirito v. United States Fourth Circuit 2026-01-09 Pending Response Waived brady-violation criminal-procedure due-process evidence-suppression habeas-corpus prosecutorial-misconduct Whether defendants raising Brady violations that can show the government suppressed evidence are entitled to production of that evidence in discovery …
25-817 Charles W. Christopher v. United States Seventh Circuit 2026-01-09 Pending Response Waived criminal-law judicial-ambiguity legal-interpretation rule-of-lenity statutory-interpretation supreme-court-standards What degree of statutory ambiguity triggers the rule of lenity?
25-805 Kerry Kruskal v. Alan Maestas, et al. New Mexico 2026-01-08 Pending Response Waived access-to-courts civil-claims due-process fourteenth-amendment judicial-review procedural-fairness Whether the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment is violated when a state court affirms the dismissal of civil claims without findings of fa…
25-806 Tarlochan Singh v. Pamela Bondi, Attorney General Seventh Circuit 2026-01-08 Pending Response Waived None
25-807 Will McRaney v. The North American Mission Board of the Southern Baptist Convention, Incorporated Fifth Circuit 2026-01-08 Pending Amici (1)Response Waived church-autonomy civil-law-claims internal-affairs ministerial-exception religious-institution self-governance Does the church autonomy doctrine apply to and foreclose civil law claims which are not disputes about the internal affairs or self-governance of a re…
25-791 Edward Ronny Arnold v. Allstate Insurance Company Sixth Circuit 2026-01-07 Pending civil-procedure constitutional-rights due-process exclusionary-evidence insurance-law statute-of-limitations Whether the district court erred in interpreting Tennessee statutes of limitation and constitutional rights in an insurance dispute
25-792 Neil Binder v. Coldwell Banker Real Estate LLC Third Circuit 2026-01-07 Pending Response Waived federal-rules-of-evidence judicial-review procedural-due-process rule-1006 rule-60 summary-evidence Whether a court may exclude a Federal Rule of Evidence 1006 summary derived entirely from records already admitted into evidence without reviewing it,…
25-793 Carlos A. Alonso Cano, as Next Friend of His Minor Daughters Katy Alonso Morejon & Jany Leidy Alonso Morejon v. 245 C&C, LLC, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2026-01-07 Pending Response Waived appellate-review bill-of-costs circuit-court judicial-procedure petition-for-certiorari rehearing Whether the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals erred in denying petition for rehearing and objections to Defendants' Bill of Costs
25-794 Jordan Spatz v. Regents of the University of California Ninth Circuit 2026-01-07 Pending Response Waived administrative-law age-discrimination civil-rights intentional-discrimination medical-residency private-right-of-action Does the 1975 Age Discrimination Act apply to medical residency match applications and permit private right of action for age discrimination?
25-795 Montgomery Blair Sibley v. Chauncey J. Watches, Judge, Steuben County, New York, et al. Second Circuit 2026-01-07 Pending Response Waived due-process equal-protection in-forma-pauperis judicial-immunity petition-clause second-amendment Whether federal in forma pauperis litigants may be significantly denied immediate access to Court while filing-fee paying litigants suffer no such con…
25-796 Princewill Arinze Duru v. United States Ninth Circuit 2026-01-07 Pending Response Waived bank-fraud criminal-statute identity-theft means-of-identification sentencing-guidelines victim-definition Whether 18 U.S.C. § 1028A permits conviction based on a defendant's consensual use of his own identity and whether using a means of identification to …
25-797 Steven J. Hecke v. United States Seventh Circuit 2026-01-07 Pending Response Waived affidavit-omissions criminal-procedure fourth-amendment franks-hearing probable-cause search-warrant Whether Franks v. Delaware applies to material omissions in a search warrant affidavit and how such omissions impact the credibility of the affiant
25-798 Rick Siegel v. Jude Salazar California 2026-01-07 Pending Response Waived administrative-authority constitutional-claims contract-law due-process fourteenth-amendment state-procedural-rules Whether state procedural rules are 'adequate' under the Fourteenth Amendment when they foreclose merits forum for preserved federal constitutional cla…
25-799 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. v. Department of Health and Human Services, et al. Second Circuit 2026-01-07 Pending Amici (1) due-process economic-coercion fifth-amendment first-amendment medicare-negotiation property-rights Is the Medicare Drug Price Negotiation Program immune from constitutional scrutiny due to economic coercion, and does it unconstitutionally condition …
25-800 Matthew Scott Rocco v. United States Fourth Circuit 2026-01-07 Pending Response Waived bailey-precedent fourth-amendment geographical-restriction law-enforcement probation-officer search-warrant Does it violate the Fourth Amendment when law enforcement directs probation officers to order a probationer to return home under false pretenses to fa…
25-801 Thomas Schramm v. United Steel, Paper and Forestry, Rubber, Manufacturing, Energy, Allied Industrial and Service Workers International Union, AFL-CIO-CLC, aka United Steel Workers, aka USW Sixth Circuit 2026-01-07 Pending Response Waived contract-negotiations duty-of-fair-representation individual-discharge labor-law objective-evidence union-grievance Whether the same standards for determining a breach of the duty of fair representation in contract negotiations should be imposed upon unions for indi…
25-802 Foothills Christian Ministries, et al. v. Kim Johnson, in Her Official Capacity as Director of the California Department of Social Services, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-01-07 Pending Amici (6)Response RequestedResponse Waived child-care-act compelled-speech first-amendment free-exercise religious-services zauderer-review Does California's religious services provision compel speech in violation of the First Amendment and interfere with free exercise rights of parochial …
25-803 In Re Andy Desty 2026-01-07 Pending constitutional-rights corporate-disclosure due-process eleventh-circuit judicial-power mandamus-petition Whether the Supreme Court can compel the 11th Circuit and Exeter Finance LLC to provide due process and discovery in a mandamus petition involving aut…
25-804 George Baldwin Hutchinson, Jr. v. United States, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2026-01-07 Pending appellate-review civil-procedure due-process ftca-claim government-liability service-of-process Whether the Eleventh Circuit erred in requiring individual service of government employees in an FTCA lawsuit contrary to established precedent and Fe…
25-786 Julia Minkowski v. Superior Court of California, Santa Clara County California 2026-01-06 Pending ada-compliance constitutional-rights court-access disability-discrimination due-process supremacy-clause Does a systemic structural defect in California courts eliminate court access and due process for disabled litigants under the First and Fourteenth Am…
25-787 John F. Carbin v. Massachusetts Board of State Examiners of Plumbers and Gas Fitters, et al. First Circuit 2026-01-06 Pending Amici (3) constitutional-rights dobbs-precedent due-process judicial-scrutiny rational-basis-test separation-of-powers Whether a court may relegate a due process claim to rational basis scrutiny merely because the asserted right is not enumerated in the Constitution or…
25-788 Reed Day, et al. v. Ben Henry, in His Official Capacity as Director, Arizona Department of Liquor Licenses and Control, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-01-06 Pending Amici (3) alcohol-distribution constitutional-discrimination interstate-commerce state-regulation three-tier-system twenty-first-amendment Whether a physical-presence requirement that discriminates between in-state and out-of-state alcohol retailers can be deemed constitutional under the …
25-789 Angela Kay Plese v. Ronald Austin, et al. Tennessee 2026-01-06 Pending civil-liability constitutional-law defamation first-amendment free-speech reputational-harm Whether the First Amendment allows a plaintiff who suffers no reputational harm to recover for defamation
25-790 New York Football Giants, Inc., et al. v. Brian Flores Second Circuit 2026-01-06 Pending Amici (1) arbitration-agreement commissioner-arbitration dispute-resolution federal-arbitration-act procedural-fairness sports-league Whether an arbitration agreement governing disputes in a professional sports league is categorically unenforceable under the Federal Arbitration Act b…
25-778 Natalia Mikhaylovna Bardakova v. United States Second Circuit 2026-01-05 Pending Response Waived criminal-procedure due-process foreign-national fugitive-disentitlement international-law motion-to-dismiss Whether a court may refuse to consider a foreign national defendant's motion to dismiss an indictment based on the fugitive disentitlement doctrine wh…
25-779 Bright Data Ltd. v. Code200, UAB, et al. Federal Circuit 2026-01-05 Pending Response Waived claim-construction inter-partes-review patent-claim-scope patent-disclaimer patent-prosecution trademark-office-proceedings When a patentee disclaims subject matter from the scope of its claims by written statements made at any time during U.S. Patent and Trademark Office p…
25-780 Leda Health Corporation, a Delaware Corporation v. Bob Ferguson, Governor of Washington, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-01-05 Pending Response Waived commercial-speech content-restriction first-amendment marketing-speech strict-scrutiny viewpoint-discrimination Does a law that bans the sale of otherwise lawful items based exclusively on the content of the seller's truthful marketing burden speech protected by…
25-781 Donald Wenger v. James T. Warren, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-01-05 Pending article-i-section-8 federal-preemption individual-liability subject-matter-jurisdiction uniformed-services-act veterans-judicial-review-act Whether state judges are bound by the Uniformed Services Former Spouses' Protection Act and Veterans Judicial Review Act pursuant to Article I § 8 of …
25-782 Garland Williamson v. Douglas A. Collins, Secretary of Veterans Affairs Federal Circuit 2026-01-05 Pending Response Waived administrative-procedure appellate-review court-procedure judicial-mandate legal-interpretation statutory-interpretation Whether a federal appellate court may affirm the dismissal of a statutory claim without interpreting the governing statute, without applying the Admin…
25-783 Sonia Hernandez Caruso v. Texas Medical Board, et al. Fifth Circuit 2026-01-05 Pending administrative-law due-process medical-licensing notice-requirements professional-discipline sovereign-immunity Whether the Texas Medical Board's actions in denying and restricting Dr. Caruso's medical license violated her due process rights under the Fourteenth…
25-784 Kiya Cunningham v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., et al. Fourth Circuit 2026-01-05 Pending amendment-of-pleadings civil-rights discovery-sanctions due-process federal-rules-of-civil-procedure summary-judgment Whether Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 56 and the Due Process Clause permit a district court to strike a non-movant's summary-judgment opposition and…
25-785 In Re Van Irion, et al. 2026-01-05 Pending None Question not identified.
25-774 Eric Tyrell Johnson v. United States Fourth Circuit 2026-01-02 Pending Amici (7) drug-detection fourth-amendment home-privacy law-enforcement probable-cause warrantless-search Whether police conduct a Fourth Amendment search when they use a drug detection canine to sniff the door of an apartment home in a multi-unit building…
25-775 Westforth Sports, Inc. v. City of Chicago, Illinois Illinois 2026-01-02 Pending Response RequestedResponse Waived due-process fourteenth-amendment non-resident-seller personal-jurisdiction product-transportation specific-jurisdiction Does the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment allow a state to exercise specific personal jurisdiction over a non-resident retail seller bas…
25-776 Youth 71Five Ministries v. Charlene Williams, Individually and as Director of Oregon Department of Education, et al. Ninth Circuit 2026-01-02 Pending Response RequestedResponse Waived constitutional-rights employment-discrimination first-amendment government-action grant-funding religious-autonomy Whether a religious organization can raise the First Amendment right to religious autonomy as an affirmative claim challenging government action and w…
25-777 Christopher L. Thompson v. Illinois Illinois 2026-01-02 Pending Response Waived None Question not identified.
25-767 Daren K. Margolin, Director of the Executive Office for Immigration Review v. National Association of Immigration Judges Fourth Circuit 2025-12-31 Pending Amici (2) csra-preclusion district-court party-presentation personnel-actions summary-reversal supreme-court-precedent Whether the decision below should be summarily reversed for violating the party-presentation principle and failing to adhere to Supreme Court preceden…
25-768 Charity Mainville v. United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina Fourth Circuit 2025-12-31 Pending circuit-court extraordinary-writ judicial-review legal-remedy mandamus procedural-standard Whether the Fourth Circuit may impose 'undue delay' as a standalone prerequisite to mandamus relief and categorically deny mandamus as a 'substitute f…
25-769 Lorillard Tobacco Company v. Marita R. Sciarrotta, Director of the New Jersey Division of Taxation New Jersey 2025-12-31 Pending Response Waived commerce-clause corporate-taxation due-process interstate-commerce royalty-payments tax-deductibility Whether New Jersey's corporate business tax scheme for taxing royalty payments conditions deductibility on the extent of the royalty recipient's in-st…
25-770 Alan M. Dershowitz v. Cable News Network, Inc. Eleventh Circuit 2025-12-31 Pending Response Waived actual-malice circuit-split defamation first-amendment media-liability summary-judgment Whether a defendant's systematic omission of qualifying language from a plaintiff's statement constitutes proof of actual malice under New York Times …
25-771 Joe Carollo v. William O. Fuller, et al. Eleventh Circuit 2025-12-31 Pending appellate-review eleventh-circuit judicial-precedent jury-tampering presumption-of-prejudice trial-integrity Whether the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals' narrow application of the presumption of prejudice standard when evaluating unrefuted evidence of jury …
25-772 Lev Aslan Dermen v. United States Tenth Circuit 2025-12-31 Pending Amici (1)Response Waived None Question not identified.
25-773 Joseph John Slack v. Robert McHugh, et al. Third Circuit 2025-12-31 Pending Response Waived criminal-procedure felony-charges grand-jury pennsylvania-law probable-cause statewide-investigation Whether the presentment of a statewide investigating grand jury in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania constitutes prima facie evidence of probable cause…
25-763 PACEM Solutions International, LLC v. Small Business Administration, et al. Fourth Circuit 2025-12-30 Pending Response Waived administrative-law agency-action chevron-deference judicial-review statutory-interpretation tenth-amendment Whether the Supreme Court should summarily reverse and remand a Fourth Circuit case in light of Loper Bright Enterprises and Chevron deference overrul…
25-764 Flintco, LLC v. Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma Oklahoma 2025-12-30 Pending Response Waived arbitration-agreement contract-interpretation dispute-resolution federal-arbitration-act legal-interpretation tort-claims Whether placing the 'tort' label on a claim excludes that claim from the scope of the dispute resolution clause in the parties' contract
25-765 Health Freedom Defense Fund, Inc., a Wyoming Not-for-Profit Corporation, et al. v. Alberto Carvalho, in His Official Capacity as Superintendent of the Los Angeles United School District, et al. Ninth Circuit 2025-12-30 Pending Amici (2)Response RequestedResponse Waived constitutional-scrutiny fundamental-rights government-mandate judicial-review medical-treatment rational-basis-review Does Jacobson v. Massachusetts limit judicial review of government-mandated medical treatments to rational basis review or require heightened scrutiny…
25-766 Justyna Jensen v. Maryland Cannabis Administration, et al. Fourth Circuit 2025-12-30 Pending Response Waived business-licensing dormant-commerce-clause equal-protection nonresident-discrimination pell-grant-eligibility state-university Whether a state statute discriminates against nonresidents in violation of the dormant Commerce Clause if it confers eligibility for a business licens…
25-752 Heather Swanson, et al. v. Michael T. Hilgers, Attorney General of Nebraska, et al. Eighth Circuit 2025-12-29 Pending Response Waived constitutional-challenge due-process midwife-practice rational-basis-review rule-12(b)(6) separation-of-powers Does rational basis review permit courts, at the Rule 12(b)(6) stage, to treat plaintiffs' well-pleaded factual allegations as irrelevant and uphold a…
25-753 Zioness Movement, Inc. v. The Lawfare Project, Inc. Second Circuit 2025-12-29 Pending consumer-confusion intellectual-property lanham-act legal-standing source-identification trademark-ownership Whether a court may find joint ownership of a trademark between competing entities without violating the Lanham Act's requirement of a single source o…
25-754 Rodney Woodland v. Montero Lamar Hill Ninth Circuit 2025-12-29 Pending burrow-giles-precedent circuit-split copyright-law feist-decision legal-standard photography-copyright Whether copyrightability is a pure question of law or includes considerations of background facts, given a Circuit split on the issue
25-755 The Society of Apostolic Church Ministries Bishop, Elizabeth Gardner Corporation Sole and Her Successors v. United States Ninth Circuit 2025-12-29 Pending Response Waived church-autonomy church-property first-amendment fourteenth-amendment government-interference ministerial-exemption property-seizure religious-freedom-restoration-act Whether the government violated the First Amendment, Religious Freedom Restoration Act, and Ministerial Exemption by seizing church property through a…
25-756 Larry Householder v. United States Sixth Circuit 2025-12-29 Pending Response RequestedResponse Waived campaign-finance extortion first-amendment honest-services-fraud political-speech quid-pro-quo Is McCormick's requirement of a 'quid pro quo' satisfied when a political candidate accepts a political contribution knowing that the donor believes t…
25-757 Matthew Borges v. United States Sixth Circuit 2025-12-29 Pending Response RequestedResponse Waived bribery campaign-finance first-amendment official-act political-contribution quid-pro-quo When alleged bribery rests solely on lawful campaign contributions, must the government prove an explicit, unambiguous quid pro quo conditioning an of…
25-758 Moreland Properties LLC, a Colorado Limited Liability Company v. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, an Ohio Corporation, et al. Ninth Circuit 2025-12-29 Pending Amici (1)Response RequestedResponse Waived cercla cost-recovery environmental-law national-contingency-plan private-party-cleanup substantial-compliance Whether a private party whose cleanup is reviewed and approved by a State enjoys a presumption of substantial compliance with the National Contingency…
25-759 Amber Lavigne v. Great Salt Bay Community School Board First Circuit 2025-12-29 Pending Response RequestedResponse Waived 12b6-motion circuit-split constitutional-rights gender-transition parental-rights plausibility-standard school-policy Whether a court can rely on a probable alternative explanation at the 12(b)(6) stage to dismiss a claim, and whether a parent's fundamental constituti…
25-760 Hamdi A. Mohamud v. Heather Weyker, St. Paul Police Officer Eighth Circuit 2025-12-29 Pending Amici (2)Response Waived bivens-action cross-deputization fourth-amendment law-enforcement qualified-immunity section-1983 state-action state-action-doctrine Whether a local police officer wielding both state and federal authority can act under color of state law for purposes of 42 U.S.C. 1983
25-761 Novo Nordisk Inc., et al. v. Robert F. Kennedy, Secretary of Health and Human Services, et al. Third Circuit 2025-12-29 Pending Amici (2) administrative-procedure-act agency-rulemaking constitutional-constraints medicare price-controls separation-of-powers Is the separation of powers violated when an agency exercises sweeping price-setting and rulemaking authority with no constraints to ensure that it ac…
25-762 Ian Freeman, fka Ian Bernard v. United States First Circuit 2025-12-29 Pending Response Waived administrative-law agency-rulemaking congressional-intent financial-regulation regulatory-authority statutory-interpretation virtual-currency Did FinCEN exceed its statutory authority by interpreting 'funds' in 31 U.S.C. § 5330 to require registration of virtual currency businesses before co…
25-745 Bobby MacBryan Green v. Michael John May, et al. Tennessee 2025-12-23 Pending Response Waived appellate-review due-process fourteenth-amendment judicial-system property-interests subject-matter-jurisdiction Whether the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause prohibits a state from maintaining a judicial system which (1) enforces a void judgment issued w…
25-746 Carvin L. Thomas, et al. v. Roberta Kustoff, Chairman, Tennessee Board of Parole, et al. Sixth Circuit 2025-12-23 Pending Response RequestedResponse Waived administrative-law constitutional-rights liberty-rights parole-interest procedural-due-process tennessee-law Does a parole applicant in Tennessee have a liberty interest based on the expectation of parole?
25-747 Matthew Cline v. United States Tenth Circuit 2025-12-23 Pending Amici (1)Response Waived co-conspirator criminal-law forfeiture property-transfer statutory-interpretation tenth-circuit Whether under 18 U.S.C. § 981(a)(1)(C) a defendant may be ordered to forfeit property to the government that he transferred to a co-conspirator merely…
25-748 Kevin McCarthy, Superintendent, Elmira Correctional Facility v. Pedro Hernandez Second Circuit 2025-12-23 Pending aedpa jury-deliberations jury-instruction pretrial-suppression seibert-rule state-court-findings Did the Second Circuit violate AEDPA by finding a state jury instruction invalid under Seibert when the Supreme Court has never held that Seibert's ru…
25-749 Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. v. Robert F. Kennedy, Secretary of Health and Human Services, et al. Third Circuit 2025-12-23 Pending drug-pricing economic-coercion fifth-amendment first-amendment government-compulsion medicare-negotiation Does the Medicare Drug Price Negotiation Program violate the First Amendment by compelling pharmaceutical companies to express the government's disput…
25-750 Calvin M. Costanza v. Florida Marine Transporters, LLC Louisiana 2025-12-23 Pending causation-standard daubert-standard jones-act maritime-law scientific-evidence toxic-tort Whether under the Jones Act's relaxed causation standard, a plaintiff must meet Daubert requirements for scientific causation in toxic tort claims
25-751 Bristol Myers Squibb Company v. Robert F. Kennedy, Secretary of Health and Human Services, et al. Third Circuit 2025-12-23 Pending Amici (1) constitutional-rights drug-pricing first-amendment government-compulsion medicare-negotiation takings-clause Whether the Medicare Drug Price Negotiation Program violates the Fifth Amendment's Takings Clause and First Amendment by compelling manufacturers to s…
25-733 Joseph Soaris v. Tony Aikhionbare California 2025-12-22 Pending civil-rights equal-protection legal-equality state-law Whether the state is applying its laws equally amongst its citizens?
25-734 Montgomery Blair Sibley v. Kristen Zebrowski Stavisky, New York State Board of Elections Co-Executive Director and Chief Election Official New York 2025-12-22 Pending Response Waived constitutional-challenge judicial-review mootness natural-born-citizen presidential-eligibility supreme-court-doctrine Whether the New York Court of Appeals improperly found a constitutional challenge to a presidential candidate's eligibility 'moot' by ignoring the 'ca…
25-735 Floyd D. Johnson v. United States Congress Eleventh Circuit 2025-12-22 Pending Amici (2) congressional-acts constitutional-challenge district-court-jurisdiction judicial-review statutory-interpretation veterans-benefits Did the Veterans' Judicial Review Act strip district courts of jurisdiction to hear challenges to the constitutionality of acts of Congress affecting …
25-736 World Champ Tech, LLC v. Peloton Interactive, Inc. Ninth Circuit 2025-12-22 Pending Response Waived circuit-split factor-test lanham-act likely-confusion summary-judgment trademark-infringement Whether lower courts must avoid a factor-by-factor analysis that balances competing evidence and the weight to be given likely confusion factors in La…
25-737 John S. Morter v. Pete Hegseth, Secretary of Defense District of Columbia 2025-12-22 Pending Response Waived agency-discretion essential-job-function medical-exemption reasonable-accommodation rehabilitation-act security-screening Whether a federal agency may redefine a security screening requirement as an 'essential job function' and eliminate reasonable accommodation duties un…
25-738 Nick Kosmalski v. Sherrell King Sixth Circuit 2025-12-22 Denied Response Waived excessive-force fourth-amendment handcuffing qualified-immunity reasonableness-standard traffic-stop Whether the Sixth Circuit's three-factor tight handcuffing test fails to comport with the Fourth Amendment and Graham v. Connor because the test does …
25-739 Herbert Hirsch, et al. v. United States Tax Court Eleventh Circuit 2025-12-22 Pending Amici (3)Response RequestedResponse Waived administrative-proceedings constitutional-rights jury-trial mandamus seventh-amendment tax-fraud Whether the court of appeals must issue a writ of mandamus when a petitioner is erroneously denied a jury trial, without considering whether the right…
25-740 Susan I. Heath, Proposed Representative of the Estate of Henry A. Hurst, III, Deceased v. EcoHealth Alliance, Inc. Second Circuit 2025-12-22 Pending Amici (1) diversity-jurisdiction erie-doctrine negligence public-health research-liability strict-liability Whether a federal court may determine negligence and strict liability claims in a diversity action involving novel claims of abnormally dangerous rese…
25-741 Keith Allen Kiefer v. Isanti County, Minnesota, et al. Minnesota 2025-12-22 Pending Response Waived constitutional-claims federal-court first-amendment petition-clause statute-of-limitations supreme-court-review Whether the petition stage of Supreme Court review constitutes a 'federal court proceeding' for purposes of tolling state tort statute of limitations …
25-742 Zhuo H. Zhong v. United States Armed Forces 2025-12-22 Pending Response RequestedResponse Waived courts-martial firearms-prohibition military-justice post-trial-process second-amendment statutory-authority Whether the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces has statutory authority to hold that a conviction is factually insufficient under 10 U…
25-743 Gary Pisner v. Attorney Grievance Commission of Maryland Maryland 2025-12-22 Pending constitutional-rights disbarment due-process judicial-procedure lawyer-discipline legal-ethics Whether a court with jurisdiction over lawyer disciplinary matters can issue disbarment orders without first addressing constitutional due process def…
25-744 Jose Duran, Individually and as Representative of a Class of Judgment Creditors of the Estate of Ferdinand E. Marcos v. United States Second Circuit 2025-12-22 Pending Response Waived civil-procedure due-process foreign-judgment forfeiture in-rem-jurisdiction sovereign-immunity Whether recognition of a foreign judgment based on a fictitious assertion of in rem jurisdiction is barred as contrary to fundamental principles of du…