Reasonable-Suspicion
227 cases — ← All topics
| Case | Title | Lower Court | Docketed | Status | Flags | Tags | Question Presented |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25-6640 | Juan Carlos Bejar-Guizar v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2026-01-21 | Pending | Response WaivedIFP | border-patrol fourth-amendment illegal-entry reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure totality-of-circumstances | Whether a court assessing the existence of reasonable suspicion under the Fourth Amendment may exclude facts that show a likelihood of innocent behavi… |
| 25-6550 | George Madison Kitchen, IV v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2026-01-12 | Pending | Response WaivedIFP | evidence-rule-404b federal-appellate-review hearsay-exception reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-standard traffic-stop | 1. WHETHER THE 8TH CIRCUIT ERRED FINDING THAT REASONABLE SUSPICION EXISTED JUSTIFYING THE STOP OF PETITIONER'S VEHICLE AND MISAPPLYING RODRIGUEZ ON WH… |
| 25-688 | Veronica W. Ogunsula v. Michael Warrenfeltz | Fourth Circuit | 2025-12-12 | Pending | law-enforcement pro-se-litigation probable-cause qualified-immunity reasonable-suspicion traffic-violation | 1. Does a police officer observing an undisputed legal act(s) or something that is not illegal, without more, provide probable cause or a reasonable i… | |
| 25-629 | Billy Puckett v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2025-12-03 | Pending | Response RequestedResponse Waived | constitutional-rights fourth-amendment investigatory-questions police-procedure reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop | In Rodriguez v. United States, this Court held that a police officer may not extend a traffic stop, absent reasonable suspicion, to conduct a dog snif… |
| 25-6145 | Gabriel Gallegos v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2025-11-18 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | fourth-amendment law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion show-of-authority terry-stop vehicle-stop | When law enforcement makes a show of authority that causes a vehicle to come to a complete stop, however briefly, before fleeing, is that a stop withi… |
| 25-583 | Rodney Towe v. Georgia | Georgia | 2025-11-17 | Denied | criminal-procedure fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion terry-stop | Whether lawful, commonplace conduct that law abiding citizens routinely engage in can establish reasonable suspicion because it occurs near an expecte… | |
| 25-6051 | Claude Coleman v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2025-11-06 | Pending | Response RequestedResponse WaivedIFP | fourth-amendment high-crime-area misdemeanor reasonable-suspicion seizure terry-stop | The Fourth Amendment protects citizens in public spaces from being seized by law enforcement without reasonable suspicion that they have committed a c… |
| 25-5990 | Tylee Brown v. United States | Third Circuit | 2025-10-29 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | detention fourth-amendment police-encounter reasonable-suspicion terry-stop vehicle-search | 1. Whether a passenger in a vehicle, who briefly leaves the vehicle during a police encounter, but is contemporaneously detained with the vehicle and … |
| 25A370 | Eric Lebron Burney v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2025-09-30 | Presumed Complete | cannabis fourth-amendment plain-smell-doctrine probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure | Whether the 'plain smell doctrine' remains valid for establishing probable cause when cannabis odor no longer necessarily indicates illegal activity | |
| 25A260 | Donna Elizabeth Summers v. Montana | Montana | 2025-09-04 | Presumed Complete | consent fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure seizure traffic-stop | Whether a traffic stop participant's consent to continued questioning after the stop's purpose has been completed is valid when the officer's prior co… | |
| 25-248 | District of Columbia v. R.W. | District of Columbia | 2025-09-03 | Pending | Amici (3)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (5) | fourth-amendment investigative-stop judicial-review law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion totality-of-circumstances | 1. Whether a court assessing the existence of reasonable suspicion under the Fourth Amendment may exclude a fact known to the officer, or instead must… |
| 25-182 | Curtis Levar Wells, Jr. v. Javier Fuentes, et al. | Fourth Circuit | 2025-08-15 | Denied | Response Waived | civil-rights community-caretaker consent-search fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion seizure | This case concerns a federal law enforcement officer's initial detention of a civilian with a post-hoc explanation of a "welfare check" or "communit… |
| 25-5329 | Duane Gary Underwood, II v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2025-08-12 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | criminal-procedure motion-to-suppress other-acts-evidence reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure voir-dire | I. Mr. Underwood challenged his seizure and search because there was no reasonable suspicion to justify the detention and search. Did the court err in… |
| 25A169 | Kristi Noem, Secretary, Department of Homeland Security, et al. v. Pedro Vasquez Perdomo, et al. | Ninth Circuit | 2025-08-07 | Presumed Complete | Amici (2) | fourth-amendment illegal-aliens immigration-enforcement investigative-stops reasonable-suspicion totality-of-circumstances | Whether the Fourth Amendment permits investigative stops of suspected illegal immigrants based on reasonable suspicion in a high-density immigration a… |
| 25A63 | District of Columbia v. R.W. | District of Columbia | 2025-07-16 | Presumed Complete | fourth-amendment investigative-stop probable-cause reasonable-suspicion terry-stop totality-of-circumstances | Whether a reviewing court may consider all known facts, including a radio dispatch, when assessing the totality of circumstances for reasonable suspic… | |
| 24-7465 | Nikky Nicole Lujan v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2025-06-18 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | fourth-amendment investigative-detention law-enforcement-questioning probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop | Whether reasonable suspicion exists when an officer relies on a driver's allegedly suspicious answer to an itinerary question without further inquiry,… |
| 24-7288 | Quaid Akeem Cornell v. Roberto A. Arias, Warden | Ninth Circuit | 2025-05-27 | Denied | IFP | fourth-amendment group-detention ineffective-assistance investigative-stop reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure | May police officers detain and search all members of a group on grounds that the behavior of one person was suspicious, and is trial counsel constitut… |
| 24-7229 | DeAndre Jackson v. United States | Third Circuit | 2025-05-16 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | criminal-procedure fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop | Whether the Third Circuit's ruling that an officer's mere suspicion of a suspect's dangerousness absent any additional facts supports an arrest rather… |
| 24-7021 | Moises Garcia v. Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | 2025-04-17 | Denied | IFP | circuit-split fourth-amendment investigative-detention law-enforcement presumptively-lawful reasonable-suspicion | May the police conduct an investigative detention after observing a presumptively lawful act without additional information to suggest that criminal a… |
| 24-6962 | Prince L. Spellman v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2025-04-11 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | fourth-amendment prosecutorial-misconduct reasonable-suspicion standing suppression-hearing terry-stop | Whether the Court of Appeals properly determined reasonable suspicion, evaluated prosecutorial misconduct, and applied Fourth Amendment standards in a… |
| 24-6738 | Steven Dewayne Barnes, Jr. v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2025-03-11 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | criminal-procedure firearm-possession reasonable-suspicion second-amendment sentencing-enhancement terry-stop | Whether law enforcement can conduct a Terry stop based on subjective factors without specific evidence of criminal activity, and whether a sentencing … |
| 24-6499 | Michael J. Baniel v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2025-02-07 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | fourth-amendment narcotics-investigation probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop warrantless-search | Whether Trooper Colton Derrick unreasonably extended a traffic stop by focusing on a narcotics investigation without reasonable suspicion or probable … |
| 24-6467 | Ronnie Robinson v. United States | Second Circuit | 2025-02-04 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | cell-phone-search constitutional-rights fourth-amendment probation-search reasonable-suspicion warrantless-search | Whether a warrantless search of a probationer's cell phone and residence by a probation officer without reasonable suspicion violates Fourth Amendment… |
| 24-6188 | John Earl Broomfield, Jr. v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2024-12-23 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 911-call anonymous-tip fourth-amendment law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion supreme-court-precedent | Whether the 911 callers were 'anonymous' and if their identification conflicts with Florida v. J.L. precedent |
| 24-6091 | Pedro Pablo Fuentes v. Steven Harpe, Director, Oklahoma Department of Corrections | Tenth Circuit | 2024-12-09 | Denied | IFP | certificate-of-appealability fourth-amendment habeas-corpus judicial-review reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop | Whether the Tenth Circuit unreasonably determined the facts and violated the petitioner's Fourth Amendment rights during a traffic stop |
| 24-6080 | Victor Manuel Ramirez v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2024-12-05 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | constitutional-rights fourth-amendment police-inquiry reasonable-suspicion seizure-duration traffic-stop | Whether the Ninth Circuit erred in creating a bright-line rule permitting police to lengthen a traffic stop by inquiring about a driver's parole or pr… |
| 24-5687 | Solomon Odubajo v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2024-10-01 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure source-state terry-stop warrantless-search | Whether a single factor of a parcel's state of origin is sufficient to establish reasonable suspicion for seizure and whether a warrantless search of … |
| 24-5505 | David Brian Larche, Jr. v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2024-09-10 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion terry-stop traffic-stop warrantless-detention | Whether possession of cash alone constitutes reasonable suspicion to prolong a warrantless detention after a completed traffic stop |
| 24-5332 | Armando Daniel Calderon v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2024-08-16 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | criminal-procedure fourth-amendment law-enforcement property-rights reasonable-suspicion vehicle-seizure | Does an officer violate a driver's Fourth Amendment property rights by continuing to seize a vehicle after the driver is in custody without independen… |
| 24A157 | United States v. Landon R. Mayo | District of Columbia | 2024-08-08 | Presumed Complete | fourth-amendment high-crime-area investigatory-stop reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop | Whether a police officer's encounter with an individual in a high-crime area, involving suspicious waistband movements and subsequent flight, constitu… | |
| 24-5197 | Curtis Mitchell Paul v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2024-07-31 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | criminal-investigation empirical-evidence fourth-amendment officer-mistake probable-cause reasonable-suspicion seizure terry-stop terry-v-ohio totality-of-the-circumstances | Whether a police officer violates the Fourth Amendment when he seizes for criminal investigation a pedestrian walking in the vicinity of a recent robb… |
| 24A72 | Raymond N. Bailey, Jr. v. Arkansas | Arkansas | 2024-07-22 | Presumed Complete | fourth-amendment probable-cause probation-condition reasonable-suspicion search-waiver warrantless-search | Whether the Fourth Amendment requires probable cause, rather than reasonable suspicion, to conduct a warrantless search of a probationer's residence u… | |
| 24A34 | David Brian Larche, Jr. v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2024-07-11 | Presumed Complete | fourth-amendment investigatory-detention reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop traffic-stop | Whether law enforcement may extend a traffic stop and conduct a search based on mere speculation about criminal activity, contrary to the reasonable s… | |
| 24A9 | Nathan Cooper v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2024-07-08 | Presumed Complete | armed-and-dangerous criminal-activity fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion stop-and-frisk terry-stop | Whether a Terry stop-and-frisk is constitutional when the officer lacks objectively reasonable suspicion of criminal activity or that the suspect is a… | |
| 23-7824 | Kwuan Montrell Baker v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2024-06-28 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-balancing law-enforcement pretextual-stop probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop whren-v-united-states | Whether an admittedly pretextual traffic stop based on reasonable suspicion, rather than probable cause, violates the Fourth Amendment |
| 23-7827 | Gianni Montay Minners v. United States | Tenth Circuit | 2024-06-28 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment fourth-amendment gang-affiliation high-crime-area investigative-detention law-enforcement prior-gun-possession probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure | Is an investigative detention reasonable when there are insufficient facts to conclude the individual is a gang member or the area is a high crime are… |
| 23A996 | Yoel Weisshaus v. Steve Coy Teichelman, et al. | Fifth Circuit | 2024-05-08 | Presumed Complete | circuit-split constitutional-rights qualified-immunity racial-profiling reasonable-suspicion summary-judgment | Whether the Fifth Circuit improperly altered the summary judgment burden of proof in qualified immunity cases and created an unconstitutional circuit … | |
| 23A975 | Kwuan Montrell Baker v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2024-05-02 | Presumed Complete | criminal-procedure evidence-suppression fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop | Whether the Fourth Amendment permits the warrantless search of a vehicle during a traffic stop based on an officer's alleged reasonable suspicion of c… | |
| 23-6909 | Arnold D. Holland v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2024-03-06 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | criminal-procedure fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search search-and-seizure supervised-release totality-of-circumstances | Whether the Fourth Amendment applies to the act of searching or the initial decision to search, based on an objective standard considering the totalit… |
| 23-907 | Pablo Pastrana v. New York | New York | 2024-02-22 | Denied | Response Waived | brown-vs-texas constitutional-law fourth-amendment law-enforcement police-roadblocks probable-cause reasonable-suspicion roadblock search-and-seizure | Whether a vehicular roadblock satisfies the standard for a reasonable search and seizure under the Fourth Amendment |
| 23-885 | Mark Wayne Gaddy v. Oklahoma | Oklahoma | 2024-02-16 | Denied | anonymous-phone-call anonymous-tip community-caretaking fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop | Whether the decision of the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals is an unwarranted extension of the community caretaking function of Cady, and also in d… | |
| 23-6580 | Charles Ramon, III, aka Charles Roger Ramon v. United States | Tenth Circuit | 2024-01-25 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | evidence fourth-amendment privacy-expectation probation probation-conditions reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure supervised-release warrantless-search | Whether the Fourth Amendment required U.S. Probation to conform its conduct to the text of the release condition imposed on Petitioner |
| 23-6523 | Mark David Galloway v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2024-01-22 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | circuit-split fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion seizure terry-stop | Whether the Ninth Circuit has unjustifiably expanded the Terry exception to the probable cause requirement by creating a new category of exempt seizur… |
| 23-6352 | LaDerrius Williams v. Illinois | Illinois | 2023-12-26 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights criminal-arrest criminal-procedure due-process owner-driver-inference probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-ownership | Whether Glover's owner-driver inference constitutes probable cause to arrest a vehicle's owner for a crime involving the vehicle, even if the police c… |
| 23-499 | Jesus Leonardo Esquivel-Carrizales v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2023-11-13 | Denied | Response Waived | 4th-amendment companion-suspicion criminal-activity drug-crime fourth-amendment investigative-stop law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop | Whether an investigative stop under the Fourth Amendment is reasonable based solely on an individual's interaction with a suspected criminal companion |
| 23-5982 | Garnet Small v. United States | Third Circuit | 2023-11-09 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | equal-protection fourth-amendment law-enforcement pretextual-stop probable-cause racial-profiling reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop traffic-stops whren-v-united-states | Whether this Court's decision in Whren v. United States, 517 U.S. 806 (1996), should be overruled |
| 23-5988 | Robert Benjamin Stout v. Sergeant Johnson, et al. | Fourth Circuit | 2023-11-09 | Denied | IFP | civil-rights driver's-license due-process fourth-amendment license-checkpoint obstruction-of-justice probable-cause reasonable-suspicion roadway-safety | Are police permitted to conduct driver's license checkpoints without reasonable suspicion? |
| 23-5952 | Semaj Lemar Williams v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2023-11-03 | Denied | Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP | 4th-amendment detention evidence-suppression exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop | Did the district court improperly deny suppression and did the appellate court improperly affirm the district court? |
| 23-5921 | Vahe Sarkiss v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2023-10-31 | Denied | Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP | 4th-amendment child-pornography civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment interstate-commerce reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure supervised-release | Whether Petitioner's Fourth Amendment rights were violated due to lack of reasonable suspicion for search |
| 23-446 | Junjie Li v. Rhode Island | Rhode Island | 2023-10-27 | Denied | Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) | 4th-amendment civil-rights decriminalization drug-enforcement fourth-amendment marijuana-odor probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop | Whether the slight odor of marijuana creates reasonable suspicion to prolong a traffic stop |
| 23-5862 | Benancio Castaneda v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2023-10-24 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | acceptance-of-responsibility canine-sniff drug-investigation fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-search | Whether the Fifth Circuit erred in its rulings on the continued detention and canine search |
| 23-5743 | Xzavione Taylor v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2023-10-10 | Denied | IFP | criminal-investigation exit-order fourth-amendment pennsylvania-v-mimms police-detention reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop vehicle-search | Whether a police officer detours from the lawful mission of a traffic stop by ordering that the driver of a car exit the vehicle for the sole purpose … |
| 23-221 | Andrew H. Zoellick v. Wisconsin | Wisconsin | 2023-09-08 | Denied | Response Waived | 4th-amendment civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment jurisprudential-definition mitigating-factors probable-cause reasonable-suspicion totality-of-circumstances totality-of-the-circumstances | Whether the absence of any jurisprudential definition of the term 'totality' has led to the degradation of the Fourth Amendment totality of the circum… |
| 23-5185 | Yolanda Howard v. United States | First Circuit | 2023-07-25 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment investigative-detention law-enforcement-procedure probable-cause reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop | Did the Maine State Trooper's hunch that 'there were a lot of drugs inthis car' based solely on his initial encounter with Ms. Howard justify delaying… |
| 23-5112 | Kashif M. Robertson v. Pennsylvania | Pennsylvania | 2023-07-17 | Denied | IFP | fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-rights law-enforcement-procedure motor-vehicle-code probable-cause reasonable-suspicion seizure-duration traffic-stop unrelated-questioning | Whether the State Court's of Pennsylvania Committed Reversible Error |
| 22-7853 | Carlos Miguel Concepcion-Guliam v. United States | First Circuit | 2023-06-26 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | arrest criminal-procedure detention fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure search-warrant | Whether the Fourth Amendment permits law enforcement to detain and arrest an individual without observing any criminal conduct, based solely on an ass… |
| 22-7691 | Jace Emerson Fesler v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2023-06-02 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment citizen-rights civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment free-speech law-enforcement police-procedure reasonable-suspicion terry-stop | Does a citizen's noncompliance with an unlawful order from law enforcement create reasonable suspicion to conduct a Terry frisk? |
| 22-7514 | Joshua Brown v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2023-05-11 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment color-discrepancy fourth-amendment high-crime-area probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop vehicle-registration | Whether an officer has reasonable suspicion to stop a vehicle based solely on a discrepancy between the vehicle's apparent color and the color listed … |
| 22-1091 | David Zook v. United States | Tenth Circuit | 2023-05-09 | Denied | Response Waived | 4th-amendment administrative-subpoena civil-procedure due-process epa federal-agency official-curiosity reasonable-suspicion rule-6a | Must the issuance and/or enforcement of an administrative subpoena (EPA) to a private individual be supported by something beyond 'official curiosity'… |
| 22-7253 | Ilse Ivon Solis v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2023-04-11 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | constitutional-rights detention-duration fourth-amendment law-enforcement motion-to-suppress reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-v-united-states scope-of-justification traffic-stop | Did the officer's inquiries unjustifiably prolong the traffic stop without reasonable suspicion? |
| 22-6872 | Gustavo Guzman v. California | California | 2023-02-27 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | criminal-conduct fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-jurisprudence government-informant home-surveillance reasonable-suspicion warrantless-entry | Whether the Fourth Amendment permits a government informant's warrantless entry into a home to monitor, transmit, or record statements without reasona… |
| 22-6802 | Luis Miguel Sierra-Ayala v. United States | First Circuit | 2023-02-16 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment consensual-search consent exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment fruit-of-the-poisonous-tree illegal-seizure police-misconduct reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure | Should evidence obtained during an illegal police seizure be suppressed where the rights-violating officer testifies that the person in his custody co… |
| 22-728 | Daniel Cameron Wilkey, et al. v. William Eugene Klaver | Sixth Circuit | 2023-02-03 | Denied | Response Waived | civil-rights clearly-established-law clearly-established-right fourth-amendment law-enforcement police-conduct qualified-immunity reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop | Whether the Sixth Circuit defined the right at too high a level of generality |
| 22-6580 | Daniel J. Campbell v. Ohio | Ohio | 2023-01-19 | Denied | Response RequestedRelisted (2)IFP | 4th-amendment cell-phone digital-devices digital-privacy fourth-amendment probation probation-search reasonable-suspicion search search-conditions state-supervision | Is a search reasonable under the 4th Amendment when a probation officer lacks required reasonable suspicion and violates state law to search a probati… |
| 22-6552 | Sergio Guerrero v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2023-01-18 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | ammunition-possession bill-of-rights fourth-amendment lawful-materials probable-cause reasonable-suspicion second-amendment warrantless-arrest | Whether the Ninth Circuit's decision is consistent with this Court's precedents on the Fourth Amendment's probable cause standard when suspicion is ba… |
| 22-6378 | Angela Dee Garges v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2022-12-22 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | dwelling-search fourth-amendment law-enforcement maryland-v-buie probable-cause protective-sweep reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure | Whether the Eighth Circuit Court's determination that law enforcement officers may search an entire dwelling without probable cause or reasonable susp… |
| 22-6286 | John Yang v. United States | Seventh Circuit | 2022-12-12 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights criminal-activity fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-seizure | Whether the Fourth Amendment permits a police officer to seize a vehicle and its occupants based on limited information |
| 22-6053 | Charles Skaggs, Jr. v. United States | Seventh Circuit | 2022-11-14 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | border-search border-searches electronic-device electronic-devices fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion warrant-requirement warrantless-search | Does the Fourth Amendment require warrants for border searches of electronic devices? |
| 22-5925 | Christopher Santillanes Ceja v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2022-10-27 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment criminal-investigation drug-trafficking fourth-amendment investigative-duration law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop | Was the traffic stop of Mr. Ceja unreasonably prolonged? |
| 22-5821 | Felipe Noriega, Jr. v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2022-10-12 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | civil-rights constitutional-law criminal-procedure due-process fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure seizure traffic-stop | Whether the Fourth Amendment allows a police officer to extend a concluded traffic stop based on minimal, if any, suspicious factors |
| 22-307 | Michigan v. Marcus Martell McCloud and Bruce Cliffin Edwards | Michigan | 2022-09-29 | Denied | Response Waived | commonsense-judgments criminal-procedure detention frisk human-behavior law-enforcement officer-experience probable-cause reasonable-suspicion terry-stop weapons-frisk | Whether the respondents were reasonably detained, and whether a frisk for weapons of a person reasonably detained may be based on commonsense judgment… |
| 22-5273 | Bradley Beauchamp v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2022-08-03 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment criminal-procedure due-process evidence-suppression exclusionary-rule illegal-traffic-stop reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure sentencing-enhancement suppression-of-evidence traffic-stop venue-violation | Whether the District Court caused reversible error by not suppressing evidence obtained by an illegal traffic stop where the officer lacked articulabl… |
| 22-5213 | Clifford Lavern Stokes v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2022-07-28 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment attenuation-doctrine civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment intervening-circumstance reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-standard search-and-seizure traffic-stop warrant-check | Whether a warrant check of a passenger that extends a valid traffic stop is a per se 'fishing expedition' under the attenuation doctrine |
| 22-13 | Nicholas James Imhoff v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2022-07-05 | Denied | Response Waived | 4th-amendment fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion rental-car search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-search | Whether a person driving a rental car is sufficient factual basis during a routine traffic stop to create reasonable suspicion to perform a vehicle se… |
| 21-8150 | Lorenzo Shelton v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2022-06-16 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment cell-phone cell-phone-privacy exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment parole parole-conditions reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure warrantless-search | Whether the lower courts erred in allowing the Petitioner's cell phone to be searched just because he was on State parole |
| 21-7889 | Zahkuan Bailey-Sweeting, aka Zahkuan Sweeting-Bailey v. Massachusetts | Massachusetts | 2022-05-17 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 14th-amendment 4th-amendment fourth-amendment individualized-suspicion pat-frisk police-hunch police-stop reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop unreasonable-search | Did the pat-frisk of Mr. Bailey-Sweeting violate his right to be free from unreasonable searches under the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendment? |
| 21-7848 | Martin Ibarra-Ozuna v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2022-05-12 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | collective-knowledge-doctrine constitutional-limits law-enforcement officer-request pretext-stops probable-cause reasonable-suspicion united-states-v-hensley vehicle-stop whiteley-v-warden | When-officers-request-limited-action,-does-collective-knowledge-doctrine-allow-any-justified-action |
| 21-7603 | Glen S. Evans v. Bill Stange, Warden | Eighth Circuit | 2022-04-12 | Denied | IFP | 4th-amendment criminal-procedure fruit-of-poisonous-tree fruit-of-the-poisonous-tree ineffective-assistance-of-counsel insufficient-evidence motion-to-suppress prejudice reasonable-suspicion second-degree-murder sufficiency-of-evidence | where-the-trial-court-has-erred-and-abused-its-discretion |
| 21-7416 | Trevor Dawson Ewers v. Virginia | Virginia | 2022-03-18 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | civil-rights concerted-action constitutional-rights fourteenth-amendment fourth-amendment pretextual-stop reasonable-suspicion seizure traffic-stop | Where officers work together in concerted action to 'produce' reasonable suspicion when there is none to affect a traffic stop with the sole purpose o… |
| 21-7324 | Caleb Guerrier v. United States | Third Circuit | 2022-03-09 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | exigent-circumstances fourth-amendment home-arrest law-enforcement-procedure protective-sweep reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure warrant-exception warrant-requirement | Whether the search of the second floor of the petitioner's home was within the 'protective sweep' exception to the warrant requirement when the police… |
| 21-7287 | Ivan Cruz-Rivera v. United States | First Circuit | 2022-03-08 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment criminal-procedure fourth-amendment informant informant-tip law-enforcement police-officer probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure | Whether it is not necessary to evaluate the basis of knowledge underlying an informant's tip if the informant is a police officer |
| 21-7313 | Domonick Deshay Wright v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2022-03-08 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights due-process excessive-force fourth-amendment law-enforcement police-misconduct probable-cause qualified-immunity reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop | Whether the lower courts have sanctioned a dangerous expansion of qualified immunity that shields police officers from liability for violating clearly… |
| 21-7153 | Arthur Miles v. United States | First Circuit | 2022-02-17 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | constitutional-rights fourth-amendment inception-of-stop law-enforcement narrow-shoulder probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop weather-conditions | Can facts observed or learned by a police officer after he decided to initiate a traffic stop, which traffic stop was delayed a short distance only ba… |
| 21-1091 | Edwin Espejo v. Washington | Washington | 2022-02-07 | Denied | clear-and-present-danger community-care-exception community-caretaking domestic-violence due-process fourth-amendment police-entry reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure | Does the community care exception to the fourth amendment allow police officers to remain in a person's home when they have determined that there is n… | |
| 21-7038 | Jeremy William Lillich v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2022-02-01 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | criminal-procedure detention fourth-amendment identification reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop warrant-execution | Did the lower courts depart from the accepted course of judicial proceedings by allowing detention based on dispelled reasonable suspicion? |
| 21-6939 | Clarence Tramiel Beard v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2022-01-24 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | detention fourth-amendment investigatory-detention law-enforcement-procedure mail mail-seizure package-transportation reasonable-suspicion transportation united-states-v-place | whether-the-investigatory-detention-and-subsequent-transportation-of-an-item-seized-from-the-mail-intrudes-on-a-possessory-interest-protected-by-the-f… |
| 21-6904 | Michel Thomas v. Stafflink, Inc., dba Link Staffing Services, et al. | Fifth Circuit | 2022-01-19 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment probable-cause qualified-immunity reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure | Whether the lower court erred in its interpretation and application of the Fourth Amendment's protections against unreasonable searches and seizures |
| 21-6857 | Reginald E. Blandford v. New York | New York | 2022-01-14 | Denied | IFP | drug-sniff founded-suspicion fourth-amendment law-enforcement new-york reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop vehicle-search | Whether the Fourth Amendment allows police to extend a traffic stop to conduct a drug sniff without reasonable suspicion of criminal activity |
| 21-941 | Aldo Daniel Gastelum v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2021-12-27 | Denied | circuit-split consensual-search fourth-amendment police-detention probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure state-supreme-court-rulings voluntary-consent | whether-search-is-consensual | |
| 21-6615 | Fabian I. Sanchez v. United States | Tenth Circuit | 2021-12-15 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | civil-rights detention fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure seizure | Whether a person may be detained on a hunch after the officer's suspicions have been dispelled |
| 21-835 | Otha Ray Flowers v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2021-12-06 | Denied | 4th-amendment criminal-procedure fourth-amendment high-crime-area illinois-v-wardlow law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion terry-stop terry-v-ohio | Whether conduct that is consistent with either lawful or unlawful behavior, and in which law-abiding members of the general public routinely engage, c… | |
| 21-6449 | Pizarro Thomas v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2021-11-30 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment criminal-conduct criminal-procedure fourth-amendment law-enforcement-conduct police-policy reasonable-suspicion terry-stop terry-v-ohio warrantless-seizure | Was there reasonable suspicion for Terry stop? |
| 21-6251 | Jason Wattie Buzzard and Paul William Martin v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2021-11-12 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights criminal-investigation fourth-amendment police-questioning prolonged-detention reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop unlawful-detention | Whether a police officer conducting a traffic stop unlawfully prolongs that stop, in violation of the Fourth Amendment, by asking the occupants of the… |
| 21-532 | Jacob Matthew Johnson v. Texas | Texas | 2021-10-12 | Denied | Amici (2)Response Waived | calls-for-service criminal-activity fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-jurisprudence law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion warrantless-search | Whether three or four unadorned 'calls for service' to an area can constitute a specific and articulable fact significantly associating said area with… |
| 21-5913 | Desmond S. Gaines v. United States | Tenth Circuit | 2021-10-07 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment 911-tip anonymous-tip anonymous-tips corroboration drug-sales reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure seizure terry-stop totality-of-circumstances | Whether an anonymous 911 tip that implies the person sold drugs in a public area provides reasonable suspicion to seize the person without first corro… |
| 21-5835 | Guillermo Gonzalez-Zea v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2021-09-30 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | civil-rights identity immigration investigative-stop reasonable-suspicion terry-v-ohio | Whether the Eleventh Circuit's reasonable suspicion determination can be reconciled with Terry v. Ohio |
| 21-383 | Wyoming v. William Thomas Mahaffy, V | Wyoming | 2021-09-09 | Denied | constitutional-law de-minimis-extension duration-of-stop fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-jurisprudence police-inquiry reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop unrelated-questioning | Did the Rodriguez Court's rejection of de minimis extensions to traffic stops abrogate or limit Johnson, thereby prohibiting officers from posing any … | |
| 21-374 | Steven Edward Struve v. Iowa | Iowa | 2021-09-08 | Denied | Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) | cellphone-use civil-rights fourth-amendment investigatory-stop law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion texting-while-driving traffic-stop | Whether police officers have reasonable suspicion under the Fourth Amendment to initiate a traffic stop for briefly holding a cellphone |
| 21-5612 | Geontay Patterson v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2021-09-08 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment constitutional-rights controlled-substances prolonged-detention reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop | Whether the district court and appellate court improperly found justification for the search and seizure of Mr. Patterson |
| 21-5528 | Gabriel Samar Martinez v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2021-08-30 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | can give rise to reasonable suspicion to justify standing alone 4th-amendment 4th-amendment-jurisprudence anonymous-tip corroboration fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion seizure terry-stop vehicle-stop | Whether an uncorroborated anonymous tip, standing alone, can give rise to reasonable suspicion to justify a seizure |
| 21-287 | Benjamin Caleb Trott v. Maryland | Maryland | 2021-08-26 | Denied | Response Waived | anonymous-tip drunk-driving fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion terry-stop vehicle-stop | Whether the Fourth Amendment permits balancing drunk-driving risk against stop intrusiveness |
| 21-5287 | Cherosco Brewer v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2021-08-04 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | civil-rights fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-v-united-states terry-v-ohio traffic-stop | Whether a traffic stop that is otherwise lawful fails the duration test of Rodriguez v. United States and is unconstitutionally prolonged, even if the… |
| 21-5176 | De'Undre Rashad Robert Turner v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2021-07-22 | Denied | IFP | 4th-amendment federal-courts noncriminal-violation reasonable-suspicion seizure state-courts | Whether a seizure can be initiated upon reasonable suspicion of a noncriminal violation |
| 21-5027 | Shane LaGrange v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2021-07-07 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | circuit-court constitutional-rights exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-search-and-seizure law-enforcement police-conduct reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop | Whether the Fourth Amendment permits reasonable suspicion for a traffic stop based on facts the officers did not believe created reasonable suspicion |
| 20-1685 | Scott Fulford, et al. v. George Wingate | Fourth Circuit | 2021-06-04 | Denied | civil-liability fourth-amendment law-enforcement-training qualified-immunity reasonable-suspicion terry-stop totality-of-circumstances totality-of-the-circumstances | Whether the Fourth Amendment requires that seemingly innocent factors be eliminated from the totality of the circumstances analysis for a Terry stop, … | |
| 20-8179 | Chad Alan Soderman v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2021-06-01 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-violation investigative-detention police-investigation reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-standard rodriguez-v-united-states supervisory-power traffic-stop | Whether the Fourth Amendment was violated under Rodriguez v. United States, 575 U.S. 348 (2015) where individual acts by police to investigate a crime… |
| 20-8180 | Benjamin Ross v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2021-06-01 | Denied | Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP | 4th-amendment 4th-amendment-violation fourth-amendment pretextual-stop probable-cause reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-precedent rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop | Whether the Fourth Amendment requires reasonable, articulable suspicion and probable cause to justify a pretextual traffic stop? |
| 20-8160 | Tamaran Edward Bontemps v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2021-05-28 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights criminal-procedure due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement police-stop reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop terry-v-ohio | Whether a sweatshirt bulge alone gives an objectively reasonable and particularized suspicion to stop a person under Terry v. Ohio |
| 20-8156 | Ricardo Renteria v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2021-05-27 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | civil-procedure constitutional-rights fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion specific-facts statute-violation traffic-stop | Whether reasonable suspicion to support a traffic stop under the Fourth Amendment requires a showing of specific facts that the suspect violated the r… |
| 20-8057 | Raymond Idemudia Aigbekaen v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2021-05-18 | Rehearing | Response WaivedRelisted (3)IFP | border-search civil-rights electronic-devices electronic-privacy forensic-examination fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion warrantless-search | Whether a warrantless forensic search at a border by agent of the United States of electronic cell phones and computers, lacking a reasonable suspicio… |
| 20-1505 | Zainab Merchant, et al. v. Alejandro N. Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, et al. | First Circuit | 2021-04-28 | Denied | Amici (2) | border-search border-searches digital-contraband electronic-device electronic-devices fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion warrant-requirement | Does the Fourth Amendment require that searches of electronic devices at the U.S. border be conducted pursuant to a warrant based on probable cause, o… |
| 20-7716 | Milton Mosley v. United States | Third Circuit | 2021-04-12 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | civil-rights criminal-procedure fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop terry-v-ohio | Whether the lower courts' finding that suspicion of criminal activity was not 'specific, individualized, and reasonable' is contrary to Terry v. Ohio |
| 20-7612 | Michael D. Johnson v. Indiana | Indiana | 2021-03-31 | Denied | Amici (2)Response WaivedIFP | actual-suspicion circuit-split criminal-procedure fourth-amendment law-enforcement objective-standard reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-frisk terry-stop | May a court uphold a Terry frisk where the frisking officer did not actually suspect that the detainee was armed and dangerous? |
| 20-1340 | Amanuel Gebrengus Atsemet v. Texas | Texas | 2021-03-24 | Denied | circuit-court-split constitutional-right-to-travel constitutional-rights fourth-amendment license-plate-profiling marijuana-legalization reasonable-suspicion right-to-travel totality-of-circumstances | When applying the 'totality of the circumstances' test for reasonable suspicion in a state that has criminalized marijuana, does the consideration of … | |
| 20-7444 | Toddrey Bruce v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2021-03-12 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | anonymous-911-call circuit-split fourth-amendment high-crime-area law-enforcement navarette-v-california probable-cause reasonable-suspicion second-amendment traffic-stop | Whether the 'absence of additional suspicious conduct' can dispel reasonable suspicion of unlawful gun use |
| 20-7423 | Jose Jesus Cruz v. United States | Tenth Circuit | 2021-03-11 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment destruction-of-evidence evidence-destruction exigent-circumstances fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure | Is it reasonable for law enforcement to enter a suspect's home under the exigent-circumstances exception when there is no genuine exigency? |
| 20-7329 | Justin L. Knight v. Nebraska | Nebraska | 2021-03-05 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | criminal-conviction criminal-procedure evidence-suppression fourteenth-amendment fourth-amendment investigative-stop reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop | Whether the police had reasonable suspicion for an investigative stop |
| 20-7290 | Michael Scott Hanuman v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2021-03-02 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | criminal-procedure emergency-aid emergency-aid-doctrine fourth-amendment law-enforcement protective-sweep reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure | Does the Fourth Amendment permit law enforcement officers to conduct a protective sweep search of a private home under the Buie 'reasonable suspicion'… |
| 20-7119 | Javier Alejandro Moline-Borroto v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2021-02-11 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment 5th-amendment checkpoint-seizure civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment investigatory-encounter prolonged-detention reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop terry-v-ohio | Whether the lower courts erred by finding that the officer had reasonable suspicion to transform a suspicionless checkpoint seizure into a prolonged i… |
| 20-7003 | Justin Anthony Kudla v. Minnesota | Minnesota | 2021-02-01 | Denied | IFP | 4th-amendment criminal-activity criminal-procedure fourth-amendment law-enforcement police-intrusion reasonable-suspicion terry-stop terry-v-ohio traffic-stop | Did the district court error by denying the suppression motion? |
| 20-1027 | Joshua Coleman v. Louisiana | Louisiana | 2021-01-28 | Denied | Response Waived | dog-sniff fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop unreasonable-seizure unreasonable-seizures | Does the Fourth Amendment protection against unreasonable seizures tolerate a dog sniff which prolongs a stop, which occurs after all purposes for the… |
| 20-6960 | DeAndre McMichaels v. Illinois | Illinois | 2021-01-28 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 2nd-amendment 4th-amendment concealed-carry fourth-amendment law-enforcement public-carry reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop terry-v-ohio | Whether an officer's belief that a person is armed allows the officer to infer for purposes of a Terry search that the person is 'presently dangerous'… |
| 20-993 | Jeremy Mickens v. Arkansas | Arkansas | 2021-01-26 | Denied | Response Waived | 4th-amendment civil-rights criminal-procedure dog-sniff due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop | Whether a police officer may extend a traffic stop to conduct a dog sniff |
| 20-6586 | Shane Mauritz Vandergroen v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2020-12-09 | Denied | IFP | 4th-amendment anonymous-tip circuit-split corroboration law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion terry-stop warrant-exception warrant-requirement | Must police independently corroborate the reliability of a secondhand anonymous tip before relying on it to stop a person under an exception to the wa… |
| 20-6551 | Andy Williams v. United States | Second Circuit | 2020-12-07 | Denied | Relisted (2)IFP | constitutional-law criminal-procedure fourth-amendment inventory-search probable-cause reasonable-suspicion rehaif-v-united-states warrantless-search | Was the second warrantless search of the car -which followed the completed inventory search and was prompted by an officer's later-developed suspicion… |
| 20-6472 | Raquel Cortez v. United States | Tenth Circuit | 2020-12-01 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment border-patrol civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop | Whether the same rule applies when an officer extends a traffic stop to allow border patrol agents to arrive without reasonable suspicion or other law… |
| 20-6480 | Maurice Freeman v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2020-11-30 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment bailey-v-united-states detention fourth-amendment immediate-vicinity michigan-v-summers police-authority premises-search probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure search-warrant | Does the rule of Michigan v. Summers extend to individuals on a public street near the residence? |
| 20-6454 | Mark David Zimmerman v. Texas | Texas | 2020-11-25 | Denied | IFP | 4th-amendment constitutional-law constitutional-rights fourth-amendment fruit-of-the-poisonous-tree k-9-search probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop | Whether the lower court erred in denying Petitioner's motion to suppress evidence obtained during a traffic stop under the Fourth Amendment search-and… |
| 20-733 | Terrill A. Rickmon, Sr. v. United States | Seventh Circuit | 2020-11-25 | Denied | 4th-amendment circuit-split due-process emergency-exception fourth-amendment individualized-suspicion reasonable-suspicion terry-stop terry-v-ohio | Does the sound of gunshots create an emergency so that the 'individualized suspicion' required by Terry attaches to anyone near the shots? | |
| 20-6300 | Bryan Mitchell Lietzau v. Arizona | Arizona | 2020-11-13 | Denied | IFP | cell-phone cell-phone-privacy fourth-amendment privacy-rights probation probation-search reasonable-suspicion search warrantless-search | Does the Fourth Amendment require reasonable suspicion for a probation officer to conduct a warrantless search of a probationer's person or property? |
| 20-6216 | Michael E. Torres v. United States | Third Circuit | 2020-11-04 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | armed-career-criminal-act arrest criminal-procedure drug-conviction fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-seizure investigative-detention probable-cause reasonable-suspicion | Did the Third Circuit err in viewing the police conduct as no more than a brief investigative detention and thus justified by reasonable suspicion ins… |
| 20-6172 | Yulian Manuel Villavicencio, aka Cristian Rodriguez v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2020-10-30 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment due-process fourth-amendment interdiction probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search traffic-stop vehicle-search | Whether payment of $630 for a SUV rental in the defendant's home state of Florida to go to North Carolina for a visit, the inability to recall the spe… |
| 20-6150 | Andres Keyon Roman v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2020-10-28 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment collective-knowledge due-process fourth-amendment narcotics reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure substantive-due-process vehicle-search warrantless-search | Whether the District Court denied the Petitioner's constitutional right to substantive due process under the Fourth Amendment in this narcotics case b… |
| 20-6142 | Steven Spain v. Illinois | Illinois | 2020-10-27 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 2nd-amendment 4th-amendment civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment gun-rights law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion second-amendment terry-v-ohio | In a state that allows residents to carry a firearm in public, is it reasonable under the Fourth Amendment to stop and arrest someone for carrying a f… |
| 20-6132 | Mose B. Coffee v. Wisconsin | Wisconsin | 2020-10-26 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | categorical-approach crime-of-arrest fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-incident-to-arrest vehicle-search warrant-requirement | Does Gant's exception to the Fourth Amendment's warrant requirement permit searches on probable-cause, reasonable-suspicion or a categorical-approach … |
| 20-6090 | Reginald Ferguson v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2020-10-21 | Denied | Relisted (2)IFP | civil-rights consensual-encounter consent criminal-procedure due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion testimony | Can a court determine that an encounter was initially consensual when the officer testified that he did not remember how it was initiated, nor is it c… |
| 20-518 | Darrius Marcel Mastin v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2020-10-20 | Denied | arrest-warrant bystander-detention constitutional-law fourth-amendment law-enforcement-authority michigan-v-summers police-powers probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure | Whether Michigan v. Summers authorizes detaining a bystander without individualized suspicion | |
| 20-6055 | Terrill Bernard Weatherspoon v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2020-10-16 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment companion-rule fourth-amendment law-enforcement officer-safety pat-down-search reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop terry-v-ohio | Must an officer have a reasonable suspicion that a companion of an arrestee is armed and dangerous, independently of a reasonable suspicion that the a… |
| 20-5991 | Mayra Yurivia Reyes v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2020-10-09 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment canine-sniff detention-extension drug-enforcement fourth-amendment law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop | Whether Reyes' 4th Amendment Rights were violated |
| 20-5967 | John Elisha Mayville v. United States | Tenth Circuit | 2020-10-08 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | criminal-history-check dog-sniff fourth-amendment officer-safety out-of-state-plates reasonable-suspicion tenth-circuit traffic-stop | Whether an officer can conduct unrelated investigations during a traffic stop |
| 20-411 | Traize T. Wash v. Ohio | Ohio | 2020-09-29 | Denied | Response Waived | 4th-amendment automobile-exception civil-rights fourth-amendment law-enforcement pretextual-stop probable-cause racial-profiling reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure whren-v-united-states | Whether a police officer's subjective intent should be considered in the context of a Fourth Amendment analysis involving a pretextual stop and unreas… |
| 20-5843 | Courtney C. Brown v. Wisconsin | Wisconsin | 2020-09-29 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment constitutional-rights fourth-amendment police-authority reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-v-us search search-and-seizure totality-of-circumstances traffic-stop | Should the Court reverse Pennsylvania v. Mimms? |
| 20-5555 | Franklin C. Edwards v. Illinois | Illinois | 2020-09-01 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights criminal-procedure fourth-amendment investigatory-stop kansas-v-glover law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop vehicle-search | Whether the traffic stop was lawful where the police had no idea who the driver was but knew the registered owner of the vehicle was neither involved … |
| 20-5405 | Jaroderick Hardy v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2020-08-20 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | criminal-procedure fourth-amendment high-crime-area investigative-stop law-enforcement probable-cause proximity reasonable-suspicion terry-stop | Whether the Eleventh Circuit's reasonable-suspicion determination can be reconciled with Terry-v-Ohio |
| 20-5390 | Michael Betts v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2020-08-18 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights constitutional-rights due-process fourth-amendment police-investigation police-powers reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop warrantless-search | Whether a police officer inquiring about drugs without reasonable suspicion unconstitutionally broadens a traffic investigation |
| 20-5392 | Jermaine Tyrone Jones v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2020-08-18 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | completed-misdemeanor criminal-procedure fourth-amendment investigatory-stop misdemeanor reasonable-suspicion vehicle-stop | Is reasonable suspicion of a completed misdemeanor sufficient under the Fourth Amendment to justify an investigatory stop of a vehicle when there is n… |
| 20-5338 | Ibrahim McCants v. United States | Third Circuit | 2020-08-12 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | anonymous-tip corroboration domestic-violence fourth-amendment police-response probable-cause reasonable-suspicion stop-and-frisk | Does an anonymous tip providing minimal physical and location descriptors and alleging ongoing domestic violence that is not corroborated when police … |
| 20-5187 | Thomas Lee Brennan v. Josh Stein, Attorney General of North Carolina | Fourth Circuit | 2020-07-28 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | fourth-amendment ineffective-assistance ineffective-assistance-of-counsel motion-to-suppress post-conviction-relief procedural-default reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop | Whether the trial court erred in denying the defendant's motion for appropriate relief based on ineffective assistance of counsel for failing to file … |
| 19-8754 | Francisco Armando Martinez v. United States | Tenth Circuit | 2020-06-19 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | appellate-review circuit-split consensual-encounter district-court fourth-amendment law-enforcement motion-to-suppress reasonable-suspicion standard-of-review suppression | Whether an appellate court must uphold the ruling of the district court if there is any reasonable view of the evidence to support it where the distri… |
| 19-8676 | Fatou Small v. United States | Third Circuit | 2020-06-11 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | fourth-amendment informant-tip probable-cause reasonable-suspicion totality-of-the-circumstances traffic-offense vehicle-stop | Whether a vehicle stop was performed in violation of Petitioner's Fourth Amendment rights |
| 19-8594 | Justin Harrington Darrell v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2020-06-03 | Denied | Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment high-crime-area illinois-v-wardlow officer-safety reasonable-suspicion seizure terry-stop terry-v-ohio | Whether 'officer safety' can justify the Terry stop |
| 19-1309 | Kari Janae Phipps v. Idaho | Idaho | 2020-05-21 | Denied | Amici (1)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) | 4th-amendment detention detention-authority fourth-amendment michigan-v-summers probation probation-search reasonable-suspicion residence-check search-and-seizure search-warrant summers-doctrine | Whether the 'limited authority to detain' during the execution of a judicially approved search warrant for contraband, Michigan v. Summers, 452 U.S. 6… |
| 19-8423 | Christopher Gies v. Ohio | Ohio | 2020-05-08 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | fourth-amendment good-faith good-faith-doctrine probable-cause probation-search reasonable-suspicion statutory-compliance warrantless-search warrants-clause | Does a warrantless probation search conducted outside the scope of an authorizing state regulation and not authorized by a condition of probation, and… |
| 19-8401 | Roderick Delon Lewis v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2020-05-05 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | collins-v-virginia curtilage fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion terry-stop terry-v-ohio warrant | Whether an officer's intrusion into the curtilage of a residence implicated Fourth-Amendment-protections, requiring probable-cause rather than reasona… |
| 19-1221 | Derrick Lucius Williams, Jr. v. United States | Tenth Circuit | 2020-04-16 | Denied | border-search circuit-split customs digital-device forensic-search fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion warrant-exception | Whether government agents need reasonable suspicion to conduct a warrantless forensic search of a digital device at the border | |
| 19-8250 | Michael Thomas Gaussiran v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2020-04-13 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | constitutional-rights fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop unreasonable-searches unreasonable-searches-and-seizures vehicle-search | Whether the Fourth Amendment's Right To Be Free From Unreasonable Searches And Seizures Requires Reversal When There Is No Evidence To Support Reasona… |
| 19-8131 | Dwayne B. Sheron v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2020-03-30 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement police-powers probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure vehicle-search warrantless-search | Whether a police officer can utter the 'magic words' 'I smelled an odor of marihuana' to justify a warrantless search based on a 'hunch' |
| 19-1161 | Justin Hawkins v. Ohio | Ohio | 2020-03-23 | Denied | Response Waived | 4th-amendment civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion stolen-vehicle traffic-stop vehicle-registration vehicle-search | Whether a report that a car's color is different from the color listed on the car's registration—without any additional facts—gives a police officer r… |
| 19-8050 | Cuwan Merritt v. United States | First Circuit | 2020-03-20 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment canine-sniff criminal-procedure de-facto-arrest law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-articulable-suspicion reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure | Whether the level of corroboration and investigation required for reasonable articulable suspicion gives rise to a de facto arrest, which requires pro… |
| 19-7881 | Tavares L. Farrington v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2020-03-05 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment criminal-behavior criminal-procedure first-hand-witness fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-search-and-seizure law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure second-hand-information terry-stop | Under the Fourth Amendment, a Terry stop and frisk must be supported by reasonable suspicion that a crime has been or will soon be committed. Here, po… |
| 19-1059 | Angela Hamm, et vir v. Tennessee | Tennessee | 2020-02-26 | Denied | Amici (1) | 4th-amendment fourth-amendment home-invasion home-search law-enforcement-search privacy privacy-rights probation probation-condition reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure warrantless-search | Whether police violate the Fourth Amendment when they conduct a suspicionless search of a probationer's home |
| 19-7716 | Timmy Wallace v. United States | Second Circuit | 2020-02-20 | Denied | Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP | 4th-amendment database-search fourth-amendment police-database reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-precedent rodriguez-v-united-states search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-identification | Does Rodriguez v. United States, 135 S. Ct. 1609 (2015) permit a traffic stop to be extended based on a suspicion that had already been dispelled by p… |
| 19-7519 | Ericka Hernandez-Nunez v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2020-01-31 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | crime-detection criminal-procedure exculpatory-evidence fourth-amendment holistic-analysis inculpatory-evidence law-enforcement motion-to-suppress reasonable-inference reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure | Whether the Fourth Amendment requirement of reasonableness requires that a determination of reasonable suspicion be based upon an explicit identificat… |
| 19-7490 | Omar Ernesto Hernandez v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2020-01-30 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment appeal conclusory-statements criminal-procedure fourth-amendment human-smuggling investigatory-stop law-enforcement law-enforcement-database reasonable-suspicion | Whether the district court and Ninth Circuit erred in relying on factually unsupported statements in determining reasonable suspicion for an investiga… |
| 19-7432 | Edwin David Calligan v. Indiana | Indiana | 2020-01-27 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights fourth-amendment michigan-v-long officer-safety protective-sweep reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-search | Whether officers can reasonably fear a suspect will retrieve a weapon after being told he is free to go |
| 19-7370 | Mario Alberto Buenrostro-Lopez v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2020-01-22 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment anonymous-tip border-patrol border-security civil-rights criminal-activity criminal-procedure due-process fourth-amendment investigatory-stop reasonable-suspicion vehicle-stop | Whether an individual's telephone call to law enforcement is sufficient to establish reasonable suspicion for an investigatory stop |
| 19-814 | Tony Deshawn McCoy v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2019-12-27 | Denied | Amici (1) | armed-and-dangerous fourth-amendment law-enforcement-discretion marijuana-possession probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop terry-v-ohio | Whether officers can presume that a person is 'armed and presently dangerous' simply because the person possesses any amount of marijuana, however sma… |
| 19-6343 | Antoine Richmond v. United States | Seventh Circuit | 2019-10-23 | Denied | IFP | 4th-amendment criminal-procedure felon-in-possession fourth-amendment home-entry home-privacy probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure warrantless-search | Did law enforcement's suspicion that a firearm would be found just inside the threshold of the home justify their search? |
| 19-452 | Gregory Clark v. Austin Clark | Eighth Circuit | 2019-10-04 | Denied | Response Waived | excessive-force fourth-amendment police-encounter reasonable-suspicion seizure voluntary-interaction | Whether a voluntary interaction with police becomes an unconstitutional seizure when the officer runs the subject's ID |
| 19-426 | Pennsylvania v. Michael J. Hicks | Pennsylvania | 2019-10-01 | Denied | Amici (1) | 4th-amendment civil-rights constitutional-analysis due-process element-or-defense-test firearm-possession innocent-scenarios law-enforcement police-officer police-stop reasonable-suspicion stop totality-of-circumstances | Whether the Pennsylvania Supreme Court's decision is contrary to SCOTUS precedent on reasonable suspicion analysis |
| 19-327 | Jaonte Hairston v. Ohio, et al. | Ohio | 2019-09-10 | Denied | Amici (1)Response Waived | aggregate-facts constitutional-rights fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-reasonableness law-enforcement limited-search police-conduct reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop | Whether facts that do not individually show or permit an inference of a connection between a person and a crime that had been committed nearby may, in… |
| 19-5751 | Charles Massengill v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2019-08-29 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment criminal-procedure due-process fourth-amendment interstate-compact parole parole-supervision parolee-rights reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure state-statute warrantless-search | Whether reasonable suspicion is required for a law enforcement officer to conduct a warrantless search of a parolee or his residence in the absence of… |
| 19-5600 | Rafael Tello v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2019-08-15 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment border-patrol canine-sniff fourth-amendment free-air-sniff immigration-checkpoint martinez-fuerte-standard reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure united-states-v-martinez-fuerte | May a Border Patrol agent working in the primary inspection lane of an interior immigration checkpoint extend the immigration stop beyond the 'brief q… |
| 19-5456 | Ibrahim McCants v. United States | Third Circuit | 2019-08-05 | GVR | IFP | anonymous-tip categorical-approach criminal-law criminal-statute divisibility-of-state-statutes domestic-violence due-process federal-criminal-procedure firearms fourth-amendment mathis-v-united-states mens-rea police-stop-and-frisk reasonable-suspicion rehaif-standard rehaif-v-united-states statutory-interpretation stop-and-frisk supreme-court-precedent third-circuit-court-of-appeals | Whether the government established the knowledge-of-status element under 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1) |
| 19-5347 | Joshua Frederick Davis v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2019-07-26 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights dog-sniff due-process probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop traffic-stop | Whether the Court should revisit Florida v. Harris to clarify what the dog's 'alert' means and whether the dog is trained to display an alert for any … |
| 19-5306 | Born Murray v. United States | Sixth Circuit | 2019-07-25 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | civil-rights detention fourth-amendment investigation investigative-detention law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion seizure time-frame traffic-stop | Where a police officer admittedly abandons the initial basis for a traffic stop to pursue a new investigation unsupported by reasonable suspicion, doe… |
| 18-1577 | Pennsylvania v. Edward Adams | Pennsylvania | 2019-06-25 | Denied | Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (3) | 4th-amendment 4th-amendment-law civil-rights conflict-with-other-jurisdictions fourth-amendment investigative-detention law-enforcement-encounter pennsylvania-supreme-court probable-cause reasonable-suspicion seizure terry-stop traffic-stop | Whether the Pennsylvania Supreme Court erred in finding that Adams was subjected to an unreasonable seizure in violation of the 4th Amendment |
| 18-9756 | Hector Guadalupe Lozano v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2019-06-21 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights drug-dog fourth-amendment law-enforcement lawful-possession odor-detection probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure | Whether a drug dog's alert, standing alone, is sufficient to establish probable cause to search when the dog is known to react to the odor of a substa… |
| 18-1554 | Lawrence W. Blessinger v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2019-06-19 | Denied | Amici (1) | circuit-split completed-misdemeanor fourth-amendment investigatory-stop law-enforcement-efficacy misdemeanor police-detention privacy-interests reasonable-suspicion terry-stop terry-v-ohio | Whether the Fourth Amendment permits police to detain a suspect under Terry v. Ohio to investigate a completed misdemeanor |
| 18-9722 | Jonathan Edward Meier v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2019-06-19 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | civil-rights fourth-amendment investigative-stop law-enforcement law-enforcement-detention pat-down probable-cause prolonged-detention reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure unreasonable-search weapons-search | Whether law enforcement violates the Fourth Amendment right against unreasonable search and seizure when it holds an individual for a prolonged period… |
| 18-9631 | Erickson Meko Campbell v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2019-06-11 | Denied | Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP | 4th-amendment exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment good-faith-exception reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-v-united-states seizure-doctrine traffic-stop united-states-v-griffin | Whether the exclusionary rule should apply when the only precedent the officer could rely on was not directly on point, explicitly rejected a bright-l… |
| 18-1486 | Zachariah J. Marshall v. Indiana | Indiana | 2019-05-29 | Denied | Response Waived | 4th-amendment federal-precedent fourth-amendment law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion speeding traffic-stop vehicle-movement vehicle-speed warrantless-stop | Whether the Fourth Amendment requires reasonable suspicion of speeding based on an officer's ability to provide actual or estimated vehicle speed or o… |
| 18-1478 | Ryan Lawrence Steck v. Maryland | Maryland | 2019-05-28 | Denied | Response Waived | 4th-amendment drug-dog-search drug-sniffing-dog fourth-amendment law-enforcement-procedure police-investigation police-procedure probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search search-and-seizure vehicle-search | Does an indication of a drug-sniffing dog being 'in odor' without an alert provide probable cause for a search? |
| 18-9381 | Hubert Youte v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2019-05-22 | Denied | IFP | border-search civil-rights fourth-amendment living-quarters maritime-law reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure vessel vessel-search | Whether the Fourth Amendment requires reasonable suspicion to enter and search the living quarters on a vessel docked at the border |
| 18-1408 | John Washek v. Vermont | Vermont | 2019-05-09 | Denied | Response Waived | complete-defense constitutional-rights criminal-behavior criminal-charge criminal-procedure due-process evidence-presentation fourth-amendment innocent-behavior probable-cause reasonable-suspicion right-to-defense terry-stop | Whether Defendant/Petitioner John Washek's Fourth Amendment rights were violated because the police officer's Terry stop was based on observations muc… |
| 18-9036 | Gregory Tarrel Brown v. Virginia, et al. | Virginia | 2019-04-30 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights curtilage fourth-amendment plain-smell-doctrine probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop terry-v-ohio | Whether the defendant's Fourth Amendment rights were violated |
| 18-8988 | Airrington L. Sykes v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2019-04-25 | Denied | Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP | 2nd-amendment civil-rights concealed-carry due-process firearm-possession fourth-amendment law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion terry-stop | Whether law enforcement can presume any concealed carry of a firearm is unlawful and conduct a Terry stop when the state statute does not criminalize … |
| 18-8785 | Temarco Sartorio Pope, Jr. v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2019-04-11 | Denied | Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP | 2nd-amendment civil-rights concealed-carry criminal-procedure due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement police-powers reasonable-suspicion terry-stop | Whether law enforcement can presume any concealed carry of a firearm is unlawful and conduct a Terry stop when the state statute does not criminalize … |
| 18-8438 | Abdul Cole v. Virginia | Virginia | 2019-03-15 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment administrative-law civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment jurisdictional-standards procedural-due-process reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure sexual-harassment strip-search title-ix university-liability | Whether the strip search and visual body cavity search of Mr. Cole violated the Fourth Amendment's prohibition against unreasonable searches and seizu… |
| 18-1188 | Jeffrey A. Jacobi v. Wisconsin | Wisconsin | 2019-03-13 | Denied | Response Waived | civil-procedure civil-rights criminal-procedure due-process evidence fourth-amendment intoxication intoxication-determination intoxication-inference law-enforcement law-enforcement-inference police-inference probable-cause reasonable-suspicion traffic-accident traffic-stop vehicle-collision | Whether it is reasonable for police to infer that a driver was intoxicated at the time of a collision based solely on the fact that the driver was fou… |
| 18-8377 | Walter D. Booker v. T. Johnson, et al. | Fourth Circuit | 2019-03-11 | Dismissed | Response WaivedRelisted (2)IFP | 42-usc-1983 civil-rights criminal-procedure fourth-amendment investigative-detention probable-cause qualified-immunity reasonable-suspicion section-1983 seizure | Whether the officers had reasonable suspicion to seize Mr. Booker Shabazzallah? |
| 18-1166 | Colton W. Sievers v. Nebraska | Nebraska | 2019-03-08 | Denied | Amici (1)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) | 4th-amendment-search-and-seizure constitutional-law criminal-procedure criminal-suspect fourth-amendment information-gathering police-investigative-stop police-powers police-stop reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop | Whether Illinois v. Lidster allows the police to stop a criminal suspect without reasonable suspicion on the ground that the stop is merely 'informati… |
| 18-1157 | Edwin A. Vega v. Ohio | Ohio | 2019-03-07 | Denied | detention fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-v-united-states search-and-seizure united-states-v-ross usps vehicle-search | Did the Ohio Supreme Court reverse Rodriguez v. United States and permit unlawful detention and search in violation of the Fourth Amendment? | |
| 18-8293 | Rodolfo Rivero Garcia, Jr. v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2019-03-05 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment border-patrol border-search drug-interdiction drug-trafficking fourth-amendment reasonable-suspicion terry-stop traffic-stop vehicle-search vehicle-stop | Whether the stop of Mr. Garcia's vehicle was supported by reasonable suspicion under the Fourth Amendment |
| 18-8213 | Hector Santillan v. United States | Second Circuit | 2019-03-04 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment fourth-amendment minority-communities police-interrogation police-investigation prolonged-detention reasonable-suspicion reid-v-georgia rodriguez-standard rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop | Whether an officer may prolong a traffic stop to investigate other matters |
| 18-8177 | Julia Augusta Constan Macri v. Illinois | Illinois | 2019-02-28 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment circuit-split constitutional-rights criminal-procedure deviation fourth-amendment fourth-amendment-search-and-seizure illinois-v-caballes law-enforcement original-purpose reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop | Whether under the Fourth Amendment the reasonable articulable suspicion necessary to extend a traffic stop must be formed before the officer's deviati… |
| 18-1111 | James J. Kaufman v. Scott Walker, et al. | Wisconsin | 2019-02-26 | Denied | Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) | civil-versus-punitive ex-post-facto fourth-amendment gps-monitoring judicial-review Lifetime-GPS-Monitoring Reasonable-Suspicion retroactive-application retroactive-law sex-offender sex-offenders | Whether lifetime GPS monitoring of sex offenders based on decades-old convictions and the possibility of future crimes is reasonable under the Fourth … |
| 18-7882 | Christopher M. Gates v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2019-02-11 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment handcuffs investigative-detention officer-safety reasonable-suspicion terry-stop use-of-force | Whether use of handcuffs is permissible during a mere investigative detention, or 'Terry stop,' where there is a risk to officer safety |
| 18-7294 | Sergio Antonio Zambrano v. United States | Eleventh Circuit | 2019-01-08 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment fourth-amendment pat-down probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure terry-stop terry-v-ohio warrantless-search warrantless-searches | Whether a police officer may reach into an individual's pockets and remove objects during a Terry stop if the officer cannot determine through a pat-d… |
| 18-7195 | Eduardo Gomez v. Illinois | Illinois | 2018-12-28 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment 4th-amendment-jurisprudence criminal-activity firearm-possession investigatory-seizure police-powers reasonable-suspicion | Does suspected possession of a firearm, on its own, provide a police officer with reasonable suspicion of criminal activity to justify an investigator… |
| 18-7179 | Trevelle J. Taylor v. Nebraska | Nebraska | 2018-12-27 | Denied | IFP | 4th-amendment arrest-standards civil-rights confrontation-clause criminal-procedure due-process probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search witness-testimony | Whether a person's mere proximity to others independently suspected of criminal activity, without more, gives rise to probable cause to search that pe… |
| 18-7124 | Ruben Geovanni Hernandez v. Texas | Texas | 2018-12-19 | Denied | IFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights criminal-procedure due-process fishing-expedition fourth-amendment law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion scope-of-detention search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-search | Does the Fourth Amendment protect against a 'fishing expedition' to develop 'reasonable suspicion' to exceed the scope of an initial stop in order to … |
| 18-6963 | Muhammed Tariq Camran v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2018-12-07 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 11th-circuit 11th-circuit-split 4th-amendment 4th-circuit 4th-circuit-split circuit-split drug-corridor fourth-amendment law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion rental-vehicle search-and-seizure traffic-stop vehicle-rental | Should this court resolve the split between the Fourth and Eleventh Circuit about the probity of the fact that a vehicle is a rental in the reasonable… |
| 18-6908 | Livingston Manners v. Ronald Cannella, et al. | Eleventh Circuit | 2018-12-04 | Denied | IFP | 42-U.S.C.-1983 Excessive-Force fleeing-and-eluding fourth-amendment Fourth-Amendment-Violation probable-cause qualified-immunity reasonable-suspicion traffic-stop | Is there a violation of the fourth amendment where the arrest of a civilian stems from an illegal traffic stop |
| 18-667 | Lonnie Charles Williams, III v. Texas | Texas | 2018-11-21 | Denied | Response Waived | driving-while-intoxicated drug-detection fourth-amendment intoxication-signs law-enforcement odor-of-alcohol probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop | Whether reasonable suspicion under the Fourth Amendment can exist in a driving while intoxicated context when officers do not detect the odor of alcoh… |
| 18-6775 | Edward Joseph Kehoe v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2018-11-21 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment criminal-procedure fourth-amendment harmless-error impartial-judge judicial-error racial-bias racial-discrimination reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure structural-error warrantless-search | Whether the clearly improper use of a person's race by a judge to support a finding of reasonable suspicion justifying a warrantless search and seizur… |
| 18-6664 | Daniel David Garza v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2018-11-14 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment law-enforcement motion-to-suppress probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop | Whether the lower courts erred in denying Mr. Garza's Motion to Suppress based on the erroneous finding that the officer had reasonable suspicion to i… |
| 18-556 | Kansas v. Charles Glover | Kansas | 2018-10-29 | Judgment Issued | Amici (10)Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (3) | 4th-amendment fourth-amendment habitual-violator investigative-stop law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion registered-owner traffic-law traffic-laws vehicle-registration vehicle-stop | Whether an officer may reasonably suspect the registered owner of a vehicle is driving the vehicle absent information to the contrary |
| 18-6484 | Markus Davis v. United States | Fourth Circuit | 2018-10-29 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | civil-rights fourth-amendment pat-down police-procedure prior-incidents reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop | Whether factors based largely on prior incidents, some years old, can provide a police officer with the reasonable suspicion the Fourth Amendment requ… |
| 18-531 | Terry Lee Coffman v. Iowa | Iowa | 2018-10-24 | Denied | Response Waived | cady-v-dombrowski cady-v-drombrowski community-caretaking constitutional-law exigent-circumstances fourth-amendment immediate-need objective-facts police-assistance probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure warrant-requirement warrantless-seizure | Whether the Court's holding in Cady v. Dombrowski permits a warrantless seizure under the Fourth Amendment without objective facts establishing an imm… |
| 18-6390 | Valiant White v. Michigan | Michigan | 2018-10-19 | Denied | IFP | acquitted-conduct civil-rights constitutional-rights due-process fruit-of-the-poisonous-tree impeachment-of-jury-verdict independent-finding-of-guilt ineffective-counsel jury-acquitted-conduct jury-trial jury-trial-right reasonable-suspicion | Whether the trial court, Michigan Court of Appeals, and Michigan Supreme Court arbitrarily denied petitioner's right to a jury trial, used inappropria… |
| 18-6297 | Jorge Robles-Avalos v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2018-10-15 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment border-patrol fourth-amendment motion-to-suppress probable-cause reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure totality-of-the-circumstances vehicle-stop | Must a court consider a Border Patrol agent's admission to routinely stopping vehicles without reasonable suspicion as part of the totality of the cir… |
| 18-6310 | LeShawn Lawson v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2018-10-12 | Denied | Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2)IFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights drug-activity due-process fourth-amendment investigative-questioning pretextual-stop prolonged-detention reasonable-suspicion rodriguez-rule rodriguez-v-united-states traffic-stop | Whether five minutes of drug-related investigative questioning of a driver at the beginning of an admittedly pretextual traffic stop violates the rule… |
| 18-437 | Dmitri I. Medvedev v. Henrico County | Virginia | 2018-10-05 | Denied | 4th-amendment civil-rights driver's-license due-process dui fourth-amendment probable-cause reasonable-suspicion seizure terry-stop terry-v-ohio | When the officer took and retained Petitioner's license, did it constitute a seizure for Fourth Amendment purposes where reasonable suspicion did not … | |
| 18-6179 | Mario Govan Emmanuel v. Territory of the Virgin Islands | Virgin Islands | 2018-10-02 | Denied | IFP | 4th-amendment bolo-flyer collective-knowledge collective-knowledge-doctrine fellow-officer-doctrine fourth-amendment officer-discretion reasonable-suspicion stop-and-frisk terry-stop terry-v-ohio united-states-v-hensley whiteley-v-warden | Does the collective knowledge or fellow officer doctrine eliminate the need for the BOLO-flyer to articulate facts supporting a reasonable suspicion t… |
| 18-6137 | Steven Doyle Burton v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2018-09-28 | Denied | IFP | 4th-amendment civil-rights criminal-procedure due-process fourth-amendment probation probation-search probation-searches reasonable-suspicion search search-condition standing | Whether the Fourth Amendment allows probation searches without reasonable suspicion |
| 18-339 | June Harper v. Arthur Leahy, et al. | Second Circuit | 2018-09-14 | Denied | Amici (1) | arrest-warrant civil-rights fourth-amendment home-entry law-enforcement-procedure payton-standard payton-v-new-york probable-cause reasonable-suspicion | Does the Fourth Amendment require police officers to have probable cause to believe that a suspect is present in a home before forcing entry into that… |
| 18-5987 | Ajohntae Hammond v. United States | Tenth Circuit | 2018-09-14 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment circuit-split fourth-amendment officer-safety police-discretion pretext probable-cause qualified-immunity reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure totality-of-circumstances totality-of-the-circumstances warrantless-search | Whether a police officer's fear for safety justified a warrantless search |
| 18-5973 | Alvin Ramirez-De Jesus v. United States | First Circuit | 2018-09-13 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 18-usc-3553(a) booker-standard criminal-procedure drug-conspiracy exclusionary-rule fourth-amendment probable-cause probation-revocation procedural-reasonableness reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure sentencing-factors sentencing-guidelines substantive-reasonableness supervised-release | Whether the First Circuit erred in affirming the district court's denial of the petitioner's motion to suppress evidence obtained in violation of the … |
| 18-5874 | Nalenzer Lee Edwards v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2018-09-04 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | arrest confidential-informant drug-possession eighth-circuit fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion vehicle-stop | Did the Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit error in finding probable cause to justify a vehicle stop and the arrest of petitioner? |
| 18-5682 | Landon Trevor Anderson v. United States | Fifth Circuit | 2018-08-21 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment circuit-split fourth-amendment harmless-error plain-error reasonable-suspicion supervised-release supervised-release-conditions | Must searches conducted as conditions of federal supervised release be supported by at least reasonable suspicion? |
| 18-5667 | Matthew Desmond Browne v. United States | Ninth Circuit | 2018-08-20 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | anonymous-tip civil-rights criminal-procedure fourth-amendment law-enforcement-procedure location-prediction probable-cause reasonable-suspicion vehicle-identification vehicle-search warrantless-seizure | Is the Fourth Amendment violated when a warrantless seizure is carried out based on an anonymous tip that correctly identifies a vehicle and a driver'… |
| 18-145 | Stepheno Jemain Alston v. South Carolina | South Carolina | 2018-07-31 | Denied | Response Waived | 4th-amendment automobile-detention civil-rights due-process fourth-amendment law-enforcement probable-cause reasonable-suspicion seizure traffic-stop | Does South Carolina's reasonable suspicion analysis, in the context of prolonged automobile detentions, violate due process when it fails to sufficien… |
| 18-5267 | Arthur Waters v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2018-07-18 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment categorical-exception drug-distribution exigent-circumstances fourth-amendment in-home-arrest precedent protective-sweep reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure | Should Buie be expanded to permit protective sweeps in all cases involving in-home arrests of suspected drug distributors? |
| 18-48 | Minnesota v. Quentin Todd Chute | Minnesota | 2018-07-09 | Denied | Response RequestedResponse WaivedRelisted (2) | curtilage fourth-amendment knock-and-talk plain-view plain-view-doctrine probable-cause reasonable-expectation-of-privacy reasonable-suspicion search search-and-seizure | Whether the Fourth Amendment prohibits police officers from engaging in knock-and-talks to gather evidence, and whether officers can inspect evidence … |
| 18-13 | Juan Francisco Maldonado v. Texas | Texas | 2018-07-02 | Denied | Response Waived | canine-sniff civil-procedure consent-to-search constitutional-rights fourteenth-amendment fourth-amendment law-enforcement reasonable-suspicion search-and-seizure traffic-stop | Whether the court of appeals erred in applying the incorrect Fourth Amendment standard to Mr. Maldonado's traffic stop, where reasonable suspicion did… |
| 18-5016 | George Eli Brown, Jr. v. United States | Eighth Circuit | 2018-06-28 | Denied | Response WaivedIFP | 4th-amendment driver's-license due-process fourth-amendment inchoate-hunch law-enforcement motorist-rights police-investigation reasonable-suspicion sentencing traffic-stop | Whether a police officer's belief that a motorist does not have a driver's license diminishes to an inchoate hunch or suspicion when another officer s… |